Unit1SurvivingFreshmanYear21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程2課件

1、unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案preparation1further development4text b3unit 1 bridging cultural gap text a 2unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案preparation1preparationtext atext bdevelopment famous sayings background building us-china relations b

2、y banjounit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 famous sayingswhen in rome, do as the romans do. proverb入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。 諺語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ) preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 famous sayingsliving without an aim is like sailing without a c

3、ompass. british ruskin生活沒有目標(biāo)，猶如航海沒有羅盤。生活沒有目標(biāo)，猶如航海沒有羅盤。 英國(guó)英國(guó) 羅斯金羅斯金preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 1. cultural gap a culture gap is any means of the systematic difference between two cultures which will hinder mutual understanding or rel

4、ations. such differences include the values, behaviorsand customs of the respective cultures. culture gaps can relate to religion, ethnicity, age, or social class. examples of cultural differences that may lead to gaps include social norms and gender roles. the term can also be used to refer to misu

5、nderstandings within a society, such as between different scientific specialties.preparationtext atext bdevelopment backgroundunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 regarding international communications, travel and trade are good ways of carrying the communication. beforehand

6、, travelers and business people can read books well prepared for them on how to become aware of and how to handle the cultural differences. conflict raised by cultural divisions can be lessened through communication. immigrants and migrant laborers need to learn the ways of adapting to new culture.

7、tourists may also meet diversity in protocols, such as tips, body language, personal space, dress codes, and other cultural issues. knowledge of cultural differences should be covered by language teachers as well.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2

8、電子教案電子教案 2. cultural heritage cultural heritage is the legacy of physical artifacts (cultural property) and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and bestowed for the benefit of future generations. cultural heritage includes t

9、angible culture (such as buildings, monuments, landscapes, books, works of art, and artifacts), intangible culture (such as folklore, traditions, language, and knowledge), and natural heritage (including culturally-significant landscapes, and biodiversity). the deliberate act of keeping cultural her

10、itage from the presentpreparationtext atext bdevelopment backgroundunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案for the future is known as preservation (american english) or conservation (british english). cultural heritage is often unique and irreplaceable, which places the responsi

11、bility of preservation on the current generation. the international body unesco (the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization) has been successful at gaining the necessary support to preserve the heritage of many nations for the future.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1

12、 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案preparationtext atext bdevelopmentclick the pictures above to watch the video building us-china relations by banjounit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案preparationtext atext bdevelopmentclick here to refer to the script bu

13、ilding us-china relations by banjounit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案preparationtext atext bdevelopment building us-china relations by banjounit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 lead-in global reading detailed reading after readingpreparationtext ate

14、xt bdevelopment text a 2unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 lead-intext awords and expressions related to culture listening practicepreparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案words and expressions related to culture多種文化的多種

15、文化的多種族的多種族的反文化休克反文化休克multiculturalmultiethnic etiquette跨文化的跨文化的價(jià)值觀念價(jià)值觀念禮儀禮儀社會(huì)規(guī)范社會(huì)規(guī)范文化定式文化定式counter cultural shockvalues cross-culturalcultural stereotypesocial norms preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案文化禁忌文化禁忌文化認(rèn)同文化認(rèn)同文化休克文化休克cultural tabooc

16、ultural identity 性別角色性別角色習(xí)俗習(xí)俗cultural shockcustom gender role行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)standard of behaviorpreparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 almost everyone who studies, lives or works 1) experiences some degree of cultural shock. this period of 2) involve

17、s everything from getting used to the food and language to making a phone call. no matter how patient and flexible you are, the period of adapting to a new culture can be 3) . it is easy to 4) , depressed and homesick. you may even want to go back home! cultural adjustment listen to the passage and

18、fill in the following blanks with the words or expressions you hear. difficult and frustratingget lostlistening practicepreparationtext atext bdevelopmentabroad_ _unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 dont panic. these are totally 5) and you are not alone. you are on an adven

19、ture 6) to grow and learn. once you have gained an understanding of the country and its customs, learned a few phrases, become 7) the neighborhood, and made a few friends, you are on your way to overcoming cultural shock and becoming more 8) about the place at which you live.self-assured normal reac

20、tions familiar with a wonderful opportunity preparationtext atext bdevelopment_unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案text a global readingpart division of the textquestions and answerspreparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子

21、教案part division of the textpartparagraphmain ideai 1music can bridge the cultural gap. ii 2-5 iii6 cultural exchanges between music departments at american and chinese universities. the universal nature of music helps clear up language differences.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cu

22、ltural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案read the text and answer the following questions.1. according to the author, why can music function as a bridge across cultural differences?because all types of music have certain common elements regardless of their place of origin.questions and answersprep

23、arationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案2. what is the suggested way to begin to learn about a foreign culture?learning to play a musical instrument from another culture.3. why can an american student who already plays string instruments learn to pl

24、ay the chinese erhu much more quickly than one who has no such experience?because it is easier for the one who already plays a similar instrument.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案4. why is it a hard job for chinese universities to develop

25、 a western-style orchestra? because they have more difficulty finding students who play woodwind instruments.5. what is considered an obstacle for exchanging musicians between american and chinese universities? language.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)

26、英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案6. what enables music to bridge the cultural gap?its universal nature.7. discuss with your partner and come up with some tips to help bridge the cultural gap.suggested tips: be cautious with behavior. react carefully. show respect. speak clearly. be understood.preparationtext atext bd

27、evelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 1 the cultures of china and the united states are very different from one another, and it is easy for misunderstandings to happen between the people of each of these nations. music, however, can provide ways to bridge this cultu

28、ral gap because, while musical styles and sounds may vary, all types of music have certain common elements regardless of their place of origin. for this reason, music can be used to help promote understanding between people of vastly different cultural backgrounds. detailed readingthe universal natu

29、re of music preparationtext atext bdevelopment john prescott unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 2 learning to play a musical instrument from another culture is an excellent way to begin to learn about that culture. it is easier, however, for a student to learn an instrumen

30、t from another culture if he or she already plays a similar instrument. for example, american students who play the flute have a much easier time learning the chinese dizi than those who do not. american students who already play string instruments such as the violin, viola, or cello can learn to pl

31、ay the chinese erhu much more quickly than those who have no experience.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 3 in china, the most popular western musical instruments are the piano and the violin. not as many chinese students choose to play w

32、oodwind instruments such as the flute, oboe, clarinet, or bassoon, or brass instruments such as the trumpet, french horn, trombone, or tuba. as a result, chinese universities that want to develop western-style orchestras have more difficulty finding students who play these instruments, and it is cha

33、llenging for chinese students learning woodwind and brass instruments to find good role models from whom to learn the best playing techniques.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 4 the situations with both american and chinese students descr

34、ibed in the two paragraphs above provide the opportunity for cultural exchanges between music departments at american and chinese universities. american music students who will eventually become teachers need more experience in multiculturalism and diversity to meet the needs of an increasingly dive

35、rse population. chinese music students who want to learn to play western-style music need to be exposed to role models who have been schooled in those traditions. an exchange of music students and faculty members between american and chinese universities would clearly be of great benefit to both gro

36、ups.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 5 one of the challenges to an exchange of musicians between american and chinese universities is that, until recently, music students in china were expected to focus on learning musical skills and not

37、 necessarily on learning english. that, however, has changed because chinese students are now required to take english. conversely, american music students who have to learn any foreign language at all might be required to learn french or german, but not chinese. this is still the case, so translato

38、rs have to be provided when chinese music teachers come to america to teach classes.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 6 while the language issues create something of a barrier, the universal nature of the music itself is able in some case

39、s to overcome language differences. some students find that they can imitate the music of the teacher even if neither can understand a word the other speaks. still, there is no substitute for proficiency in the target foreign language when the goal is true cultural understanding.preparationtext atex

40、t bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 music, however, can provide ways to bridge this cultural gap because, while musical styles and sounds may vary, all types of music have certain common elements regardless of their place of origin.1. cultural gaphere “gap” is

41、 used figuratively， meaning “deficiency which needs to be filled”. e.g. a gap in ones education the generation gap preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案2. place of originhere “origin” means “starting point or source”. e.g. the origins of life

42、 on earth the origins of the customs are unknown. 3. “while” 的用法本句中本句中while 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于in spite of the fact that或或 although。意為：盡管。意為：盡管，然而，然而。e.g. while i like the color of the hat, i do not like its shape.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英

43、語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 3. translate the sentence into chinese.而各種類型的音樂，盡管發(fā)源地不同，風(fēng)格與音色變化多樣卻而各種類型的音樂，盡管發(fā)源地不同，風(fēng)格與音色變化多樣卻因有著某些共性而成為跨越文化溝壑的橋梁。因有著某些共性而成為跨越文化溝壑的橋梁。preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 for example, american students who play the flute have a

44、 much easier time learning the chinese dizi than those who do not. 1. have an easy time doing /have an easy time of itto have an experience with something that is less difficult or severe than what others have experienced e.g. you will be sure to have an easy time making the transition from home to

45、university. we were given a hard assignment, but fred had an easy time of it.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 2. translate the sentence into chinese.例如，一個(gè)會(huì)演奏長(zhǎng)笛的美國(guó)學(xué)生會(huì)比其他學(xué)生更容易學(xué)會(huì)例如，一個(gè)會(huì)演奏長(zhǎng)笛的美國(guó)學(xué)生會(huì)比其他學(xué)生更容易學(xué)會(huì)中國(guó)的中國(guó)的“笛子笛子”。preparationtext atext b

46、developmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 american students who already play string instruments such as the violin, viola, or cello can learn to play the chinese erhu much more quickly than those who have no experience.1. string instruments 2. translate the sentence in

47、to chinese.同樣的道理，會(huì)演奏小提琴、中提琴、或大提琴等管弦樂器的同樣的道理，會(huì)演奏小提琴、中提琴、或大提琴等管弦樂器的美國(guó)學(xué)生則比無(wú)此經(jīng)驗(yàn)者更易學(xué)會(huì)中國(guó)的美國(guó)學(xué)生則比無(wú)此經(jīng)驗(yàn)者更易學(xué)會(huì)中國(guó)的“二胡二胡”。preparationtext atext bdevelopment弦樂器弦樂器unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 not as many chinese students choose to play woodwind instruments such as the flute, oboe,

48、clarinet, or bassoon, or brass instruments such as the trumpet, french horn, trombone, or tuba.1. woodwind instruments 2. translate the sentence into chinese.演奏木管樂器如長(zhǎng)笛、雙簧管、豎笛、低音管，或者銅管樂器如演奏木管樂器如長(zhǎng)笛、雙簧管、豎笛、低音管，或者銅管樂器如小號(hào)、法國(guó)長(zhǎng)號(hào)、長(zhǎng)號(hào)或者大號(hào)的人為數(shù)不多。小號(hào)、法國(guó)長(zhǎng)號(hào)、長(zhǎng)號(hào)或者大號(hào)的人為數(shù)不多。preparationtext atext bdevelopment木管樂器木管樂器 u

49、nit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案structure it is challenging for chinese students learning woodwind and brass instruments to find good role models from whom to learn the best playing techniques.in this sentence, “it” serves as the preparatory subject, and the true subject

50、is the infinitive phrase. e.g. it is my pleasure to address the meeting. it was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own. 1. what is the function of “it” in this sentence?preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 3. translate the sent

51、ence into chinese.而那些學(xué)習(xí)木管樂器和銅管樂器的中國(guó)學(xué)生要想求教而那些學(xué)習(xí)木管樂器和銅管樂器的中國(guó)學(xué)生要想求教良師學(xué)習(xí)演奏的精湛技藝也非易事。良師學(xué)習(xí)演奏的精湛技藝也非易事。2. brass instrumentspreparationtext atext bdevelopment銅管樂器銅管樂器unit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案structure american music students who will eventually become teachers need more e

52、xperience in multiculturalism and diversity to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population. multi-是構(gòu)詞成分，表示是構(gòu)詞成分，表示“多個(gè)、多種、多方面多個(gè)、多種、多方面”。 e.g. multicolored a. 多色的多色的 multiracial a.多種族社會(huì)多種族社會(huì) multilateral a. 多邊的多邊的 multilingual a. 多種語(yǔ)言的多種語(yǔ)言的 multinational a. 多國(guó)的多國(guó)的1. multiculturalism preparati

53、ontext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 3. translate the sentence into chinese.有志于成為教師的美國(guó)音樂專業(yè)的學(xué)生需要拓寬多元文化有志于成為教師的美國(guó)音樂專業(yè)的學(xué)生需要拓寬多元文化經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)滿足人們?nèi)找娑嘣男枨?。?jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)滿足人們?nèi)找娑嘣男枨?。preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電

54、子教案structure chinese music students who want to learn to play western-style music need to be exposed to role models who have been schooled in those traditions. to introduce someone to (a subject)e.g. i would like to expose these new medical technologies to the students. i would like to be exposed to

55、 english 24 hours a day when i take this course in london.1. expose someone topreparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 3. translate the sentence into chinese.中國(guó)音樂專業(yè)的學(xué)生想要學(xué)習(xí)演奏西方樂器中國(guó)音樂專業(yè)的學(xué)生想要學(xué)習(xí)演奏西方樂器,也需要多接觸也需要多接觸在音樂傳統(tǒng)上造詣高深的良師。在音樂傳統(tǒng)上造詣高深的良師。在句中用作及物動(dòng)

56、詞，意為：教育在句中用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為：教育, 訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練。e.g. he was schooled by life itself. she was schooled in hiding her emotions. 2. schoolpreparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案 .music students in china were expected to focus on learning musical skills and not nece

57、ssarily on learning english. 1. wait, expect, look forward to, and await“wait” means to stay somewhere or not do sth. until sth. comes, happens, etc. e.g. im waiting to hear from dan before i arrange my trip.“expect” means to believe that sth. will come, happen, etc. e.g. the police are expecting tr

58、ouble.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案“l(fā)ook forward to” means to be excited and pleased aboutsth. that is going to happen. e.g. im looking forward to getting his letter.“wait” is never followed directly by a noun. you must say“wait for”.

59、 e.g. she was waiting for a bus.in formal english, you can use “await”, which is followeddirectly by a noun. e.g. we are awaiting your instructions. preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程世紀(jì)大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 2 電子教案電子教案3. translate the sentence into chinese. 一直以來(lái)一直以來(lái), 中國(guó)音樂專業(yè)

60、的學(xué)生理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)匕阎饕χ袊?guó)音樂專業(yè)的學(xué)生理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)匕阎饕Ψ旁谝魳芳寄艿膶W(xué)習(xí)而非英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上。放在音樂技能的學(xué)習(xí)而非英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上。2. not necessarily未必未必, 不一定不一定e.g. that is not necessarily true. expensive restaurants arent necessarily the best. food that looks good doesnt necessarily taste good.preparationtext atext bdevelopmentunit 1 bridging cultural gap21世紀(jì)大學(xué)