新概念第二冊lesson 45 A clear conscience

1、Revision1. go through the forest2. take the risk to do sth. 3. be at risk4. risk ones life 5. have a picnic6. at the edge of 7. on the edge of8. competitive edge 9. be in ones possession10. take a deep breath 11. be out of breath12. the contents of the bag 13. be content with sth. 14. be content to

2、do sth.15.a contented person16. need mendingA clear conscience 問心無愧問心無愧Lesson 45I lost a I lost a large sum large sum of money.of money.What should we do when we lost money.Someone must have ? my money.The lostlostandandfoundfoundNew words and expressionsNew words and expressions 生詞和短語生詞和短語1.clear a

3、dj. kli1.clear adj. kli (1)adj.(1)adj.晴朗的晴朗的, , 清澈的，明亮的；清澈的，明亮的；透明的玻璃透明的玻璃_ _ 清澈的湖水清澈的湖水_晴朗的天空晴朗的天空_ _ 干凈的臉干凈的臉_有著明亮眼睛的孩子有著明亮眼睛的孩子_(2)adj.(2)adj. 易懂的易懂的clear explanation clear explanation 清楚的解釋清楚的解釋clear understanding clear understanding 清楚的理解清楚的理解(3)(3)(良心良心) )無愧的，不內(nèi)疚的無愧的，不內(nèi)疚的相關(guān)短語：相關(guān)短語：(1)be clear

4、about (1)be clear about 清楚清楚.e.g.He is not entirely clear on how he will go e.g.He is not entirely clear on how he will go about it.about it.(2) do sth with a clear conscience. 問心無愧的做某事I can look back on things with a clear conscience. I did everything I could. 我可以問心無愧地回首過去，我已經(jīng)盡力了。v. (1)飛越，跨越clear t

5、he mountains 飛越山脈clear=get over=fly over (2)打掃，清理 =clean (3)為.掃清障礙clear the way for .The director is fired today, which clears the way for her promotion in the company.2.conscience n. 2.conscience n. kkn nnsns 良心，道德心良心，道德心俚語：俚語：不做虧心事，不怕鬼敲門不做虧心事，不怕鬼敲門A clear conscience never fears midnight knocking.A

6、 clear conscience never fears midnight knocking.常見短語：常見短語：have a clear consciencehave a clear conscience問心無愧問心無愧have a guilty conscience about sth. have a guilty conscience about sth. 對對.愧疚愧疚/ /有愧于心有愧于心e.g.e.g.I had a guilty conscience about not telling her the truth.I had a guilty conscience about

7、not telling her the truth.have no consciencehave no conscience沒良心沒良心= =conscienceless adj. 沒良心的search ones heart/search ones consciencesearch ones heart/search ones conscience捫心自問捫心自問e.g.e.g.Search your conscience and ask yourself if you are clear.Search your conscience and ask yourself if you are c

8、lear.3.wallet n. 3.wallet n. wlit 皮夾，錢夾皮夾，錢夾purse purse 女士用的小錢包，小錢袋女士用的小錢包，小錢袋e.g.e.g.They were knocked to the ground, beaten senseless They were knocked to the ground, beaten senseless and robbed of their wallets.and robbed of their wallets./virtual wallet/google wallet谷歌錢包mobile wallet手機(jī)錢包4. savin

9、gs n.4. savings n.sevz 存款存款, ,儲金，儲蓄額（通常指儲金，儲蓄額（通常指銀行存款）銀行存款） a savings bank a savings bank 一個(gè)儲蓄銀行（只辦有利息存款的銀行）一個(gè)儲蓄銀行（只辦有利息存款的銀行）Her savings were in the Her savings were in the Post Office Savings Post Office Savings Bank.Bank.( (郵政儲蓄銀行郵政儲蓄銀行) )a savings account a savings account 一個(gè)儲蓄賬戶一個(gè)儲蓄賬戶.5. villa

10、ger n. 5. villager n. vilid村民村民village n.village n.村，村莊村，村莊 a fishing village a fishing village 漁村漁村 village lifevillage life鄉(xiāng)村生活鄉(xiāng)村生活 the villagethe village村民村民( (集合說法）集合說法）eg.The whole village is going to welcome the eg.The whole village is going to welcome the visitor.visitor.world-country-provinc

11、e/nation-city-town-villageworld-country-province/nation-city-town-village-er-er通常指的是職業(yè)通常指的是職業(yè)reporter,reader,teacher,writer,manager,leader,bakreporter,reader,teacher,writer,manager,leader,baker,producer,player,farmer.er,producer,player,farmer.6. per cent 6. per cent psent百分之百分之 (Br.) (Br.) percent (

12、Am.) percent (Am.)seven percentseven percenta 20 percent discount a 20 percent discount 打打8 8折折a thirty percent increasea thirty percent increase增加百分之三十增加百分之三十eg: 我百分之百同意。我百分之百同意。 I am 100 per cent in agreement .注意：含有注意：含有percent 的句子中的謂語動詞是由的句子中的謂語動詞是由percent后后面的名詞決定的，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞用單面的名詞決定的，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)

13、用復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞用單數(shù)。如：數(shù)。如：More than 40 percent of the students More than 40 percent of the students wearwear glasses. glasses.Nearly 70% of the money Nearly 70% of the money waswas supplied by the supplied by the government. government. First read the text and then answer the question.快速讀課文，然后回答以下問題?？焖僮x課文，

14、然后回答以下問題。 How did Sam get his money How did Sam get his money back?back? The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of

15、the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief! Two mon

16、ths later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: Only 25 per cent a thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The last note said: I am 100 per cent honest now!Ask and answer:1. What had been lost in the village ？2.Who lost the money?3.Sam was sure that the wallet mus

17、t have been found by one of the villagers, but was it returned to him?4.How long did the money begin to return back ?5.How much money was contained in the newspaper? 6.Was all the money returned back?1The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.主從復(fù)合句，主從復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，主句用一般過

18、去時(shí)態(tài)，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，主句用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)（過去完成），試改寫：從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)（過去完成），試改寫：The whole village soon learns that a large sum of money lost.（1）village在這里為總稱，指在這里為總稱，指“村民村民”，the whole village指指“全村的人全村的人”，后面通常跟單數(shù)動詞（有時(shí)也，后面通常跟單數(shù)動詞（有時(shí)也可視為復(fù)數(shù)）可視為復(fù)數(shù)） eg:這消息使全村的人興奮。這消息使全村的人興奮。The whole village was excited by the news.（2）lea

19、rn做及物動詞表示做及物動詞表示“學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)到學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)到”We learnt from each other and learnt a lot about American culture and customs. learn做不及物動詞表示做不及物動詞表示“獲悉獲悉”，“得知得知” learn of/about+n. learn that +句子句子we learn of the project deeply after the activity.Ive just learnt that she was ill.(3) a large sum of money had been lost.被動

20、句someone had lost a large sum of money.有人丟了一大筆錢sum表示數(shù)額，主要用來修飾錢。a large sum of money一大筆錢a small sum of money 一筆小錢翻譯：A large sum of money has been raised for the Project Hope. I”m sure a large number of poor children can benefit from the project.Sam Benton, (the local butcher), had lost his wallet whi

21、le taking his savings to the post office. 簡單句。簡單句。1. the local butcher當(dāng)?shù)氐耐缿?，做?dāng)?shù)氐耐缿?，做Sam Benton的同的同位語，對前者的身份做了解釋說明。位語，對前者的身份做了解釋說明。 the butchers肉店肉店at the butchers 在肉店在肉店go to the butchers 去肉店去肉店2. 在在when, while, after, before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，當(dāng)主句和從句主語一致時(shí)，可以省略從句主語，直接用當(dāng)主句和從句主語一致時(shí)，可以省略從句主語，直接用”引導(dǎo)詞引

22、導(dǎo)詞+v.ing形式形式”。還原：還原：while he was taking his savings to the post office。e.g.做完作業(yè)以后，他開始聽音樂。做完作業(yè)以后，他開始聽音樂。如果是主語不一致則必須用從句：如果是主語不一致則必須用從句：我打掃房間，他在聽音樂我打掃房間，他在聽音樂He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.3. take sb./sth. to sp. 帶某人帶某人/物去某地物去某地Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by on

23、e of the villagers，but it was not returned to him(含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)1. be sure of sth. 確認(rèn)確認(rèn). be sure that 從句從句 確認(rèn)確認(rèn).A lot of people think that its better to buy expensive things so that they can be sure of wheir good quality. be sure to do sth. 肯定做某事肯定做某事Anyone who goes food shopping without a li

24、st is sure to forget the things they really need.2. must do表示對目前狀態(tài)的肯定猜測表示對目前狀態(tài)的肯定猜測e.g.Its working time. He must be in the office. must have done表示對過去發(fā)生事情的肯定猜測。表示對過去發(fā)生事情的肯定猜測。e.g.When I arrived, he wasnt here. He must have left early.3. find +n+adj : 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn).為為.eg.I found my cat asleep in my bed.eg.Aft

25、er a long search,we found the boy safe and sound.(安然無恙）安然無恙）find+n+adv /prep 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn).在某地在某地eg.You find penguins in the Antarctica.eg.Cherry trees are found in the most parts of Japan.find +n 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)/找到找到4. return sth. to sb. =give sth. back to sb.把把.還給某還給某人人 sth. be returned to sb. =sth. be given back to

26、sb.某某物被還給某人物被還給某人Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.1.three months passed=after three months 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間慢慢的過去了，Sam苦等了三個(gè)月，終于有消息了。2. one morning 一天早晨 注意前面不加介詞3. find+n+adv /prep 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn).在某地在某地outside 在在.外面外面inside 在在.里面里面It had been wrapped up in newspaper and

27、 it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said:A thief, yes, but only per cent a thief!1.Wrap （1）v.包裹(wrapped,wrapped) eg.The girl wrapped up he Christmas gift. eg.He wrapped himself up in a blanket. （2）V.把.纏繞，把包裹住 eg.He wrapped a scarf around his neck. eg.She wrapped a ba

28、th towel around the baby.sb. be wrapped up in全神貫注于=pay full attention to.eg.He was wrapped up in watching TV.2.it contained half the money （he had lost）定從 我們既可以說 half the money= half of the money，它們可以互相替代，但是money前都必須有the，因?yàn)槭侵柑囟ǖ腻X。再如：這面包有一半已變質(zhì)了。Half the bread/ half of the bread was bad.Half（1）half,al

29、l ,both均稱為前限定詞，位于其他限定詞均稱為前限定詞，位于其他限定詞（my,her,these,those等）之前，這時(shí)等）之前，這時(shí)of可省略?？墒÷?。 eg.She spends half (of)her time traveling.（2）代詞前始終用）代詞前始終用half of eg.Only half of us could come last night.（3）在度量衡前）在度量衡前half從不帶從不帶of eg.My old home is about half a mile from here. a dozen eggs half a dozen eggs（4）one a

30、nd a half+n(pl) 一個(gè)半一個(gè)半 one and a half hoursthief小偷小偷 pickpocket 扒手扒手 burglar夜盜夜盜 robber強(qiáng)盜強(qiáng)盜 steal sth from sb/ steal sth from sp從某人從某人/某某處偷來處偷來 eg:A thief broke into the building last night and stole some money from the safe.rob sb of sth搶了某人的東西搶了某人的東西 eg:Two thieves attacked him last night and robb

31、ed him of all his money.Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note:Only 25 per cent now!1. 時(shí)間段+later=after +時(shí)間段，表示一段時(shí)間之后，用在一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。2. some more money 數(shù)量詞+more +可數(shù)名復(fù)數(shù)=another +數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 再來.，還有.three more girls=another three girlsfour more students= .e.g.-How many more stamps d

32、o you want?-Four more please.= .some/a little +more+不可數(shù)名詞 再來/還有一些.e.g.I want some more water.3. be sent to sb. 被送給.In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. 1. in time=at last/finally 最終最終 e.g.Ill tell you everything in time.2. in this way表示“以這樣的方式”：You must pay attention to your spelling.

33、In this way, you can become a good secretary in time. in a way在某一方面來說；在某種意義上eg:Youre correct in a way.有點(diǎn)，有幾分wg:She is strange in a way by the way 順便說一下3. pay back 償還，報(bào)答 pay back（1）償還：）償還：All Sams money was paid back in this way.薩姆全部的錢都用這樣的方式還了回來。薩姆全部的錢都用這樣的方式還了回來。Yesterday Sam borrowed some money fr

34、om me and said that he would pay me back in a week.昨天薩姆從我這里借了些錢，并說一周后還我。昨天薩姆從我這里借了些錢，并說一周后還我。（2）報(bào)答；向）報(bào)答；向報(bào)復(fù)：報(bào)復(fù)：Youve been very kind to me. How can I pay you back? 你對我太好了。我如何報(bào)答你呢？你對我太好了。我如何報(bào)答你呢？He embarrassed me at the party. Ill pay him back someday.在晚會上他讓我難堪了?？傆幸惶煳視?bào)復(fù)他的。在晚會上他讓我難堪了?？傆幸惶煳視?bào)復(fù)他的。 pay o

35、ff 還清還清 Finally, I paid off all of my debt.重點(diǎn)短語回顧1. get sth. back 2. a large sum of money3. learn of/about/that 4. a local butcher5. lose ones wallet 6. take his savings to the post office7. post office savings bank 8. must have done9. one of the villagers10. three months passed11. one morning12. fi

36、nd his wallet outside his front door13. wrap sth. up in newspper14. together with 15. some more money16. in time17. pay back/pay off18. in this way19. be 100 per cent honest被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的基本形式為助動詞被動語態(tài)的基本形式為助動詞be + 及物動詞的過去分及物動詞的過去分詞，即詞，即be done。 被動語態(tài)的不同被動語態(tài)的不同時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是通過助動詞是通過助動詞be的時(shí)態(tài)變化來體現(xiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)變化來體現(xiàn)的，的， 其其人

37、稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)與主語保持一致人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)與主語保持一致。 在初中階段要求掌握八種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動在初中階段要求掌握八種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，其具體變化為：詞的被動語態(tài)，其具體變化為：am/is/are +done (過去分詞過去分詞) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2) has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 3)am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 4)was/were done 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 5)had been done 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí) Visitors are asked not to touch the

38、 exhibits.(展品）展品）All the preparations for the task have been completedA new cinema is being built hereI was given ten minutes to decide.By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing. 6)was/were being done 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 7)shall/will be done 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) 8） should/would be done 過去將

39、來時(shí)過去將來時(shí) 被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式 1）帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)）帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)其形式為：情態(tài)動詞其形式為：情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞。過去分詞。 A meeting was being held when I was there. Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitte

40、r.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題1.把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)保留主動語態(tài)原來把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)保留主動語態(tài)原來的時(shí)態(tài)。如：的時(shí)態(tài)。如：She often cleans the house. The house is often cleaned by her.2.有些動詞可以有雙賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，有些動詞可以有雙賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語（通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語（sb.）His mother gave him a present for his birthdayHe was given a present by his

41、mother for his birthday. 3) 當(dāng)當(dāng)“動詞動詞+賓語賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動.Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette(香煙）香煙）=The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役動詞）在使役動詞have, make, get以及以及感官動詞感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加等變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加t

42、oSomeone saw a stranger walk into the building=A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的有些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的動詞詞組動詞詞組，如如“動詞介詞動詞介詞”，“動詞副詞動詞副詞”等，等，也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday 一一.被動語態(tài)的否定式被動語態(tài)的否定式:在第一個(gè)

43、助動詞在第一個(gè)助動詞后加后加not構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。We dont believe her .變被動變被動She is not believe by us .二二.被動語態(tài)的疑問式：把第一個(gè)助動詞被動語態(tài)的疑問式：把第一個(gè)助動詞提到主語之前提到主語之前,句尾加問號構(gòu)成。例如：句尾加問號構(gòu)成。例如：Where did they grow vegetables？（改為被動語態(tài)）（改為被動語態(tài)）Where _ vegetables _? (答案答案: were, grown) 三三.帶雙賓語的兩種被動語態(tài)形式：帶雙賓語的兩種被動語態(tài)形式： 把指人的間接賓用作被動句的主語，把指人的間接賓用作被動句的主語，如

44、：如： She gave me a book. I was given a book by her. 把指物的直接賓語用作被動句的主把指物的直接賓語用作被動句的主語，此時(shí)，間接賓語前需加介詞語，此時(shí)，間接賓語前需加介詞to或或for, 如：如： 1) She gave me a book. A book was given to me by her. 2). She bought me a present. A present was bought for me by her.練習(xí)練習(xí):Her mother gave her a new pen（變被動）（變被動）A new pen _ _ _

45、 her by her mother中考英語被動語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題中考英語被動語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題 1.The new computers_ to the village school as presents last month.A. are given B. gave C. given D. were given2.-When _ this kind of computer_? -Last year.A. did;use B. was;used C. is;used D. are;used3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often

46、sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung4 The broken bike_ here by Mr SmithA. can mend B. can mendedC. can be mend D. can be mended5 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown D. have shown6 What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close7. Last year vegetables _ (grow) in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell) them himself. 8. She _ (help)him with his homework tomorrow evening. 9. How many magazines _ (