人教版八年級上冊unit3知識點講解

1、 第三講 unit 3 im more out going than my sister一 重要短語1. singing competition 歌唱比賽2. the one with short hair 頭發(fā)較短的那個人3. be fantastic 好極了4. jump high 跳得高5. run fast 跑的快6. as long as 只要，既然7. be different from 與.不同8. bring out 使顯現，使表現出9. the same as 和.相同10. in fact 實際上11. be similar to 與.相像的12. primary scho

2、ol 小學13. care bout關心二 句型1. tina is more out going than tara. tina要比tara外向些。2. tara works as hard as tina. tina和tara工作一樣努力。3. lisa sang better than nelly. lisa 比nelly唱的好一些。4. but you can tell that lisa practiced a lot more and really want to win . 但是你知道lisa 練習得更多，她真的想贏得比賽的勝利。5. the most important thi

3、ng is to learn something and have fun.最重要的是能學有所得，樂在其中。6.i think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 我認為朋友就像書籍。你要不需要太多，只要他們足夠好。6. i dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我真的不在意朋友是否和我相同或是有所不同。7. a good friend is like a mirror. 好朋友就像鏡子一樣。三考

4、點精講1、hard-working adj 工作努力的，辛勤的 hard-workingadj my mother is hard-working.我媽媽工作努力。work hard v+advhe works hard in science.他努力學習科學。he works hard to be a hard-working student. 他為了成為一名努力的學生而努力學習。2.as.as 和.一樣 as +adj/adv +as eg. this room is as big as that one.這個房間和那個房間一樣大。tom runs as fast as his brothe

5、r. tom跑的和她弟弟一樣快。例題 listening is just as_ as speaking in language learning.(上海) a important b more important c most important d the most important 3.singing competition 歌唱比賽 英語中，動詞-ing形式可以充當前置定語修飾后面的名詞。拓展：動名詞修飾名詞的短語：swimming pool 游泳池shopping list購物籃reading room 閱覽室walking stick拐杖changing room更衣室dress

6、ing room梳妝臺4.tell v 一詞多義告訴please tell me about it.you should tell him the truth.講述mary likes telling jokes. 瑪麗喜歡講笑話。吩咐；命令the policeman told the driver to move his car.辨別；區(qū)分can you tell me the differences between the two pictures?5. win v贏得現在分詞 winning ， 過去式和過去分詞均為won. which team won?哪個隊贏了？ 辨析win和bea

7、twin過去式 won 意為“贏，獲勝”通常和“game，war，match，prize等之類的名詞作賓語，即win sth。beat 過去式 beat意為“擊敗；勝過，后跟表示與之比賽、戰(zhàn)斗的人或代表群體的名詞，即beat sb.1）they won the game yesterday.他們昨天贏得了那場比賽。2）zhang yi ning won a gold medal in the womens singles.張怡寧贏得了女子單打金牌。3 we beat them and won the game. 我們打敗他們贏得了比賽。例題 he always _ the match when

8、 we play ping-pong. a beat b win c beats d wins 4,talented adj 有才能的，有才干的=gifted be talented in.在.有天賦be talented in sth/doing sth 在.有天賦eg mozart was talented in music. 莫扎特有音樂的天賦。同意詞 gifted adj 有天賦的 she is a gifted violinist. 她是位有天賦的小提琴手。拓展二 talent n 天賦have a talent for.有天賦， 才能eg. the woman has a tale

9、nt for cooking.4.truly adv 真正，確實eg its truly a memorable occasion. 這確實是一件值得紀念的盛事。trueadj 真實的eg it is a true story.真實的故事。truthn 真相eg please tell me the truth.trulyadv 由衷地，真誠的eg he truly loves his children. 他由衷地愛著他的孩子們。5. care about 關心eg do you care about your future?你關心自己的未來嗎？vcare about 關心；在意he does

10、nt care about the news.他對這條新聞不關心。care for喜歡，愿意would you care for a cup of coffee?你愿意喝咖啡嗎？take care 小心he is old enough to take care of himself.他長大了，能自己照顧自己了。take care of 照顧，照顧linda takes good care of her younger brother.linda很好地照顧她弟弟。7. make v 做，制做，迫使1）look！ they are making paper boats.看！他們在做紙船。 2） m

11、y father made a plane for me yesterday.昨天爸爸給我做了個飛機模型。make 是使役動詞，意為“使” 后接省略to的不定式做賓語補足語，即make sb do sth.eg how did he make the baby stop crying? 他怎么讓寶寶停止哭泣的？her joke make us laugh.他的笑話讓我們大笑例題 the boy made faces_ his classmates_. a make, laugh b to make, laugh c make, to laugh d to make, to laugh拓展： 常

12、接動詞原形的使役動詞let sb do sth 讓.做.eg let me have a try.讓我試一試。have sb do sth讓某人干某事eg he had me give him a help他讓我?guī)蛡€忙。make+賓語+形容詞eg the bad news make me sad.這個壞消息讓我很傷心。 = the bad news make me feel sad.這個壞消息讓我感到很傷心。拓展 make短語make money掙錢make friends 交朋友make a mistake 犯錯誤make the bed 整理床鋪make faces 做鬼臉make fir

13、e 生火make a plan 制定計劃make a team 組建一支隊伍典例 i _ a mistake .he is angry with me. a make b made c will make d had made8.laugh v 笑， 發(fā)笑 eg he laughs best who laughs last. 誰笑到最后，笑得最好。拓展 laugh at 嘲笑 eg dont laugh at others. 別嘲笑他人。8. the same as 和.一樣 the same as 和be different from的區(qū)別the same as 和.一樣i dont lik

14、e to do the same things as her.我不想和她做一樣的事。my hairstyle is the same as hers. 我的發(fā)型和她的發(fā)型一樣。be different from 與.不同my hobbies are different from lucys.我的愛好和lucy的不同。拓展：the same to you! 你也一樣！ happy new year! 新年快樂！ the same to you! 你也一樣！例題 through lily and lucy are twins, they look _ each other. a the same

15、as b the same c different from d different 9. both adv 兩個，兩個都 adj 置于被修飾的名詞前both students like english.兩個學生都喜歡英語。 adv1） 主語后，實義動詞前。 2） be 動詞之后 they both like english.they are both chinese. 他倆都是中國人。prepboth of .both of them are chinese.他倆是中國人。-which of the two english dictionaries will you buy?-i will

16、buy _of them, so i can give one to my friends, helen a either b neither c all d bothboth 與all的區(qū)別both兩者都both plans are good.兩個計劃都很好。 all 三者或三者以上都all teachers like to go there.所有的老師都喜歡去那兒。sam looks like his dad. they are _ tall. a either b any c all d both10. serious adj 嚴肅的、穩(wěn)重的eg mr smith is a seriou

17、s man. smith是 個嚴肅的人。who is more serious, sam or tom? seriously adv 認真地，嚴肅地eg you take work seriously. 你工作真認真。11.reach for 伸手去拿eg he reached over for the last cake. 他伸手過來拿最后一塊蛋糕。 辨析 reach/ get to / arrive in /at reach +地點 i reached beijing last night.get to+地點i got to beijing last night. arrive in+大地

18、點 arrive at +小地點i arrived in beijing last night.i arrived at beijing airport last night.12.break v 使.破壞 break - breaksbreaking-broke- broken v原 三單 現在分詞 過去式 過去分詞.eg the plate broke into pieces when it fell on the floor. break +身體部位 弄破， 弄斷eg. he fell down and broke his left leg. 他跌倒摔斷了左腿。-why isnt tom

19、 here today?-he _ his arm yesterday, and now he is in the hospital. a break b breaks c broken d broken 13. share v 分享，共用， 分攤 share-sharing- shared-shared拓展 ：share .with sb 與某人分享eg my friends share their happiness and sadness with me.14. loud adj 響亮的，大聲的loudadj 大聲的 ，響亮的the music is too loud.loudlyadv

20、 大聲地，響亮地he always speaks loudly.15. information n 信息，消息information 為不可數名詞 ， 一則消息“ a piece of information” they got much _on the internet. a photo b idea c message d information 語法專講 形容詞、副詞比較級1、 變化形式1.規(guī)則變化：1) 加er, est: great- greater , small- smaller , clean-cleaner , fast-faster , long-longerthe bus

21、 runs fast.the car runs faster than the bus.the racing car runs fastest of the three.2) 以e結尾的直接加r: late-later, fine-finer, nice-nicer, wide-wider, large-largertom goes to school late.-jim goes to school later than jim.-kate goes to school latest in her class.3) 輔音字母加y結尾的, 把y變i加er, est: busy-busier,

22、easy-easier, funny-funnier, heavy-heaviermr monkey is busy-mr duck is busier than mr monkey.-mr cat is the busiest of all the animals.4) 元音加輔音結尾的，雙寫輔音字母加er, est: sad-sadder, hot-hotter, big-bigger, red-redder, fat-fatter, thin-thinnerlily is sad-lucy is sadder than lily.-kate is the saddest in the f

23、amily.5) 其他多音節(jié)詞在前面加more, the most: beautiful-more beautiful, careful-more careful, difficult-more difficult , delicious-more delicious , tired-more tired, pleased-more pleasedwhich is the most important invention?i think tv is important, i think fridge is more important than tv.-i think computer is

24、the most important invention.6) 有些形容詞沒有比較級:right, wrong, favorite7) 比較級用much, a little修飾，最高級用of, in2. 不規(guī)則變化：good-better-best;bad-worse-worst;much/many-more-most;little-less-least;old-older/elder;faras.as/not so .as/not as.asthis building looks not so (as) high as that onemssun speaks english as flue

25、ntly as youthis room is three times as large as that one.二、比較級的用法1. 雙方比較，表示一方超過另一方時，用“比較級十 than”的結構表示例如： this pen is better than that one.2. 表示一方不及另一方時，用“ less十原級十 than”的結構表示例如： this room is less beautiful than that one3. 表示一方超過另一方的程度或數量時，可在比較前加表示程度的狀語，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，

26、by far等修飾例如： he works even harder than before注意：英語的比較級前如無 even，still，或 yet等時，譯成漢語時可用“較”或“一些”或不譯出，一般不可用“更”，如： she is better than she was yesterday她比昨天好些了 please come earlier tomorrow 請明天早點來注意：by far通常用于強調最高級用于比較級時，一般放在比較級的后面，如在前面，應在二者中間加“ the”如 he is taller by far than his brother. he is by far the t

27、aller of the two brothers.4. 表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時，用“ the 十比較級(主語十謂語)，the 十比較級(主語十謂語)”的結構例如：the harder he works，the happier he feels5. 不與其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改變時，用“比較級十 and十比較級”的結構例如： the weather is getting warmer and warmer. the girl becomes more and more beautiful6. 在比較從句中為了避免重復，我們通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面

28、出現的名詞。 that指物，one既可指人，也可指物that可代替可數名詞單數和不可數名詞，而one只能代替可數名詞.例如： the book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk. a box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood7. 表示倍數的比較級有如下幾種句型：a) a is three(four，ete) times the size(height，length，width，ete) of b例如； the new building is four time

29、s the size( the height) of the old one這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(四倍高)。(這座新樓比那座舊樓大三倍高三倍)b) a is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc) as b例如： asia is four times as lareg as europe，亞洲是歐洲的四倍大(亞洲比歐洲大三倍)c) a is three(four，etc) times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，etc) than b 例如：your school is three times big

30、ger than ours， 你們的學校比我們的學校大三倍(你們的學校是我們學校的四倍大) 用 times表示倍數，一般只限于表示包括基數在內三倍或三倍以上的數表示兩倍可以用 twice或 double三、最高級的用法1. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時，用“ the十最高級”的結構表示這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語例如： zhang hua is the tallest of the three he works (the) hardest in his class.2. 最高級可被序數詞以及 much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not q

31、uite，not really，nothing like等詞語所修飾. 例如： this hat is by farmuchnearlyalmostnot nearlyby no means/not quitenothing like the biggest how much did the second most expensive hat coat?3. 表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如 excellent，extreme，perfect等，沒有最高級，也不能用比較級4. 形容詞最高級修飾作表語或介詞賓語的名詞、代詞時，被修飾的詞往往省略 he is the tallest(boy) in h

32、is class5. 作狀語的副詞最高級前可以不加定冠詞例如 0f all the boys he came(the) earliestunit 3 針對性訓練一、 寫出下列單詞的比較級 1.short-_ 2. smart-_ 3.funny-_ 4. friendly-_ 5. lazy-_6.good-_ 7.loudly-_ 8.guiet-_ 9.clearly-_ 10.hardworking-_二、單項選擇1.lucy has more friends than lily_ a is b have c was d does2.its a nice day,_ a isnt it

33、b is it c wasnt it d was it3. toms clothes are shorter than_ a me b i c my d mine4.is lilei as _as lin tao? a more outgoing b outgoing c taller d older 5.this pen isnt _cheap _that one. a as, so b so, as c the same, as d so, so 6. i think tom can _ the first prize. a win b beat c won d winning 7.-do you think mobile phones