高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module5Unit5學(xué)案

1、高考英語(yǔ)一輪重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí) module 5 unit5一、重點(diǎn)單詞1. damage (1)n.損失； 損害， 損壞do/cause damage to損害，破壞(2)vt.損害，損壞； 使受損失the earthquake damaged several buildings.地震使一些建筑受到了破壞。a badly damaged car嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞的汽車(chē)拓展：damage, destroy, ruin damage, destroy 和 ruin 這三個(gè)單詞均表示“破壞”、“損壞”的意思，但各自的含義和用法不同。damage指部分“損壞”、“損害”、“破壞”或指使用價(jià)值有所降低。它可以用作動(dòng)詞,也

2、可以用作名詞，用作名詞時(shí)常與to something 連用。例如：hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm. 暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了這個(gè)地區(qū)數(shù)以百計(jì)的房屋。the accident did a lot of damage to his car. 這次車(chē)禍?zhǔn)顾能?chē)受到很大的損壞。destroy 只能用作動(dòng)詞，指徹底破壞，以致不可能修復(fù)，常作“破壞”、“毀滅”解，也可以指希望、計(jì)劃等打破。例如： the earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 地震幾乎毀滅了整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。his hope of

3、 being a writer was destroyed. 他想成為一個(gè)作家的希望破滅了。ruin則表示破壞嚴(yán)重,以致不能修復(fù),但這種破壞不像destroy那樣毀滅某物,而是強(qiáng)調(diào)致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問(wèn)題。用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它作“使毀滅”、“使崩潰”、“弄糟”解；用作名詞時(shí),它表示“毀滅”、“瓦解”、“廢墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。例如：the fire ruined the castle. 那場(chǎng)大火使城堡夷為廢墟。the house has fallen into ruin. 房子倒塌了。the company is facing ruin. 這家公司面臨破產(chǎn)2. present

4、（1）vt.贈(zèng)予； 頒予， 呈遞present flowers to sb.(present sb. with flowers)獻(xiàn)花給某人present reasons提出理由present a new aspect呈現(xiàn)出一派新氣象present a new play 上演一出新戲allow me to present mr black to you.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向您介紹布萊克先生。（2）adj.現(xiàn)在的， 出席的， 存在的at the present time目前， 現(xiàn)在the present price現(xiàn)價(jià)the present participle現(xiàn)在分詞be present at a cer

5、emony出席儀式（3）n.禮物， 現(xiàn)在， 目前at present現(xiàn)在， 目前二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. first aid（1）n.（對(duì)傷患者的）急救give first aid to sb.= carry out first aid on sb.對(duì)某人實(shí)施急救拓展：aid n.幫助， 援助， 幫助者，有幫助的事物cut off aid中止援助teaching aids教具a hearing aid助聽(tīng)器medical aid醫(yī)療救護(hù)with the aid of借助于= with the help ofcome to sb.s aid幫助某人in aid of為了幫助we collect mone

6、y in aid of the education in the poverty-stricken area. 我們籌集資金以援助貧困地區(qū)的教育。（2）vt.資助， 援助， 幫助i aided him in his enterprise.they aided in solving the problem.2. a number of adj.“許多的， 若干”后接可數(shù)名詞區(qū)別：the number of / a number of： 都跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。前者作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；后者作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of the trees is two thousand. （用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ).

7、 另注意trees前有限定詞）a number of trees have been cut down. （用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ). 另注意trees前無(wú)限定詞）拓展：后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞的短語(yǔ)：1）lots of（a lot of）后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。例如：my parents spend a lot of their spare time on english study. mike had collected lots of chinese stamps when he studied in china. 2）plenty of后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。例如：we have plenty of boo

8、ks to read. there is plenty of water in apple. （注：plenty of一般只用于肯定句，在疑問(wèn)句中常改用 enough；在否定句中常改用 many或 much。另外， plenty of短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由它后面的名詞的數(shù)而定。）3）most of后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。例如：most of his money is spent on books. most of the students in our class are fond of sports. 4）a large quantity of后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。例如：a large

9、quantity of books have been translated into foreign languages. there is a large quantity of coal in the coalmine. 后只接可數(shù)名詞的短語(yǔ)1）a group of后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。例如：a group of wounded soldiers were saved by dr bethune. 2）a（great/large/good）number of后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。例如：there are a number of professors in our college. a gre

10、at（largegood） number of new machines have been sent to the country side. 3）a great many后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。例如：there are a great many books in our school library. 4）scores of后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。例如：scores of dustmen took part in the strike. 后只接不可數(shù)名詞的短語(yǔ)1）a great（good deal of）后接不可數(shù)名詞。例如：a great deal of information can be s

11、tored in computers. 2）a large amount of 后接不可數(shù)名詞。例如：they are going to spend a large amount of time on the research work. 3. make a difference有影響， 很重要it shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.這表明急救知識(shí)的確能發(fā)揮重要作用。everyone can make a difference as long as he tries to.只要努力，人人都可以有所作為。

12、拓展：it makes no difference whether是否沒(méi)有什么差別= it doesnt matter whether . 如：it makes no difference whether you are for or against the arrangement.你反對(duì)還是贊成這安排都沒(méi)有關(guān)系。（沒(méi)用）4. stick to 粘住， 堅(jiān)持take clothing off the burned area unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把它脫掉。cover the burned area with a banda

13、ge that will not stick to the skin.用干而清潔又不粘皮膚的繃帶把燒傷面包起來(lái)。拓展：stick to, insist on, keep onstick to a decision/ plan/ theory堅(jiān)持決定/計(jì)劃/理論（不改變）insist on doing sth.堅(jiān)持要做某事stick to what you think is right, no matter what others say.he insisted on going home, though it was very late.for many years he kept on st

14、udying english and using it until he could used it freely.三、重點(diǎn)句型1. do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.不要擦拭，因?yàn)檫@樣做會(huì)擦破水泡，傷口會(huì)感染小結(jié)as的用法：（一）as作副詞，表示程度，意為“同樣地”。在“as. . . as. . . ”，“not as. . . as. . . ”結(jié)構(gòu)中的第一個(gè)as是副詞，作“和與(不)一樣”解。e.g.：jack is as tall as his father. he do

15、esnt speak english asso fluently as you. （二）as作介詞。 作“如，像”解。e.g.：they got united as one man. 作“充當(dāng)，作為”解。e.g.：as a writer，he was famous. （三）as作連詞，常用來(lái)連接主句和狀語(yǔ)從句。1. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，作“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”解，有“隨著”之意，與while意義相近，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；或某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生。e.g.：he shouted aloud as her ran along. 他一邊往前跑，一邊高聲地呼喊。i was startled as he op

16、ened the door. 他一開(kāi)門(mén)，嚇了我一跳。 as作連詞，相當(dāng)于when。e.g.：as a little boy (when he was a little boy)he began to learn to play piano. 他小時(shí)候就開(kāi)始學(xué)彈鋼琴。 2. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，作“因?yàn)?，由于”解，與because的用法相近。e.g.：i must stop writing now，as i have rather a lot of work to do. 我必須停筆了，因?yàn)槲疫€有許多工作要做。引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句或比較狀語(yǔ)從句，作“正如，(如)像”解。e.g.：as in your

17、country，we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south. 正如(像)你們國(guó)家一樣，我們?cè)诒狈椒N小麥，在南方種水稻。(方式狀語(yǔ)從句) when at rome，do as romans do. 入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。(方式狀語(yǔ)從句) 3. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，作“雖然，盡管”解。這時(shí)從句常用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把從句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形放在as之前。e.g.：strange as it may seem，it is true. 盡管這事看上去很奇怪，但卻是真的 try as he might，tom could not get out of the dif

18、ficulties. 不管怎樣努力，湯姆還是擺脫不了困境。（四）as作關(guān)系代詞。1. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用在“suchas”, “the sameas”，“asas”等結(jié)構(gòu)中，常譯作“像一樣的人(或物)”，“凡是的人(或物)”。 e.g.： he wished to be such a man as lei feng was. 他曾希望做一個(gè)像雷鋒那樣的人。my hometown is no longer the same as it was. 我的家鄉(xiāng)再也不像過(guò)去一樣了。2. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)指代它前面的整個(gè)句子(即先行句)，意思是“這一點(diǎn)”。這個(gè)分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。e

19、.g.：as is well known，oceans cover more than 70 of the earth. 我們知道，海洋占地球面積的百分之七十以上。（五）含as的固定詞組的用法1. as soon as作“一就”解，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。e.g.：as soon as i get to beijing，ill write to you. 我一到北京，就給你寫(xiě)信。2. asso long as作“只要”解，e.g.：asso long as you study hard，youll make progress. 只要你努力，你就會(huì)取得進(jìn)步。3. as ifthough常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)方式狀

20、語(yǔ)從句，作“好像，仿佛”解。如果從句中講的是非真實(shí)情況，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。e.g.：she loves the child as ifthough he were her own. 她愛(ài)這個(gè)孩子如同愛(ài)自己的孩子。as ifthough也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，常用在“it appearslooksseems+as ifthough”句型結(jié)構(gòu)中。e.g.：it appears as ifthough it is going to clear up. 看起來(lái)天要晴了。 it seems as ifthough he knew nothing about it.他好像對(duì)此事一無(wú)所知。4. as to作“關(guān)于

21、，至于”解。e.g.：there is no doubt as to his honesty. 他的誠(chéng)實(shí)是無(wú)可置疑的。 5. as muchmany as作“多達(dá)”，“達(dá)到之多”解。e.g.：he can earn as much as 5000 dollars a month. 他每月能掙5000美元。6. soas far as i know作“就我所知”解，在句中作插入語(yǔ)。e.g.：asso far as i know，he will come here next monday. 據(jù)我所知，他將于下星期一到這里來(lái)。7. as a result，as a result of表示“由于的結(jié)果

22、”。 e.g.： she died as a direct result of the accident. 她的死是那次事故的直接結(jié)果。8. as well為“也，還”之意。e.g.：come early，and bring your brother as well. 早點(diǎn)來(lái)，把你的弟弟也帶來(lái)。 9. so as to，so. . . as to若跟動(dòng)詞原形，表示目的或結(jié)果。e.g.：he studied hard so as to pass the exam. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)以便通過(guò)考試。(表示目的)考點(diǎn)例題：用as完成1)對(duì)于學(xué)生而言， 電腦和英語(yǔ)是同樣重要的學(xué)科。for us student

23、s, _.2)盡管他不是個(gè)小孩子， 他憑借他的表演天賦已獲得一些名氣。_, he has gained some popularity through his talents for acting. 【模擬試題】（一）用框內(nèi)所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子（其中兩個(gè)是多余的）holdin place, fall ill, applyto, preventfrom, first aid, over and over again, dress the cut, stick to, protect. from, make no difference 1. it _ whether i give my

24、suggestions or not, because he wont listen to me.2. his back injury may _ him _ playing in tomorrows game.3. the third degree burns _ all three layers of skin and even tissue and organs under the skin.4. it is said that taking this medicine can _ one _ being infected with flu virus.5. its illegal to

25、 _ advertisements _ public places.6. though his method of teaching is good, i cant _ it _ my teaching.7. theres a great need for everyone to learn some knowledge of _, in case of emergencies.8. he didnt come to school, because he _.9. my grandfather is forgetful. i have to tell him something _ befor

26、e he remembers it.10. his arm is bleeding heavily. we must _ at once.（二）使用as完成下列句子1. 對(duì)于學(xué)生而言， 電腦和英語(yǔ)是同樣重要的學(xué)科。for us students, _.2. 盡管他不是個(gè)小孩子， 他憑借他的表演天賦已獲得一些名氣。_, he has gained some popularity through his talents for acting. 3. 由于我經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，所以我不能獨(dú)自駕車(chē)出去。_, i cant drive out on my own.4. 我小時(shí)候，常和伙伴們一起玩捉迷藏游戲來(lái)取樂(lè)。

27、_, i often played hide-and seek games with my little friends to amuse ourselves.5. 正如我們所料，只有很少人來(lái)參加音樂(lè)會(huì)only a number of people came to the concert, _.6. 只要你答應(yīng)歸還，你就可以把這本書(shū)借走。you may borrow this book _.（三）根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的提示翻譯下列句子。we often think of future. we often wonder _1_the world will be like a hundred years

28、 time. think of _2_ space. perhaps a permanent station on the moon _3_ (set up). perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as _4_. cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, _5_ (permit) long journeys through the solar system. when that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space and visiting _6_ planets. great progress will have been made _7_ medicine