八年級上冊Unit-2-How-often-do-you-rcise單元知識點(diǎn)匯總(共6頁)

1、Unit 2 How often do you exercise?Section A1、 由how構(gòu)成的疑問詞：英語短語中文意思例句how often多久一次詢問動(dòng)作的頻率How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次電視？how long多久，詢問時(shí)間多久How long does it take you from your home to school?你從家到學(xué)校需要花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間？how soon多快，過多久詢問時(shí)間多快How soon will he come back.他要多久回來？how far多遠(yuǎn)，詢問距離多遠(yuǎn)How far is it from your ho

2、me to school?從你家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)？how mucha) 多少，詢問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量+不可數(shù)名詞，b) 多少錢，詢問價(jià)格（單復(fù)數(shù)由后面的主語確定）How much milk is there in the glass?玻璃杯里有多少牛奶？How much are these socks?這些襪子多少錢？how many多少，詢問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式How many apples do you have?你有多少個(gè)蘋果？2、 頻度副詞的意義almost幾乎，差不多almost not=hardly幾乎不3、 help with housework 幫助做家務(wù) （1） help

3、with sth. 意為“幫助做某事” 拓展：help sb. with sth. = help sb. （to） do sth. 幫助某人做某事 Eg: I often help him with his English. = I often help him (to) learn English. 我經(jīng)常幫他學(xué)習(xí)英語。 （2）housework 意為“家務(wù)勞動(dòng)”。不可數(shù)名詞。 They have housework to do. A. many B. much （3）help oneself to請隨便吃/喝 Please help yourself to some cakes.請隨便吃一

4、些蛋糕。4、 sometimes、sometime、some time和some times單詞詞義用法sometimes有時(shí)=at times用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)中sometime某時(shí)(時(shí)間點(diǎn))用于一般將來時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)中some time一段時(shí)間可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)(指時(shí)間段)some times幾次，幾倍表示次數(shù)或倍數(shù)He was sometimes late for school. 他有時(shí)上學(xué)遲到。He came here sometime. 他某個(gè)時(shí)候來過這里。He will stay there for some time. 他將在那里待一段時(shí)間。She came home som

5、e times. 她回了幾次家。5、 hard、hardly和hardly ever單詞意思例句harda) adj（形容詞）：困難的（=difficult）、硬的；b) adv（副詞）：努力地、猛烈地This ground is too hard to dig.這塊地太硬，挖不動(dòng)。They study hard every day.他們每天努力學(xué)習(xí)。hardlyadv，幾乎不，表示否定意義=almost notHe can hardly play basketball.他幾乎不會(huì)打籃球。hardly everadv，幾乎從不，意思大致與hardly等同There is hardly ever

6、 any coffee left.幾乎沒有剩余的咖啡了。6、 use the Internet用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)use sth to do sth用某物做某事eg：I use a knife to cut potatoes.我用刀切土豆。 短語：on the Internet 在網(wǎng)上 ， surf the Internet 網(wǎng)上沖浪，上網(wǎng) 注意：Internet首字母一定要大寫。7、 weekend與weekdaya) on weekends =on the weekend在周末（Saturday星期六，Sunday星期日）（on weekends泛指每個(gè)周末，on the weekend特指文中所說的

7、這個(gè)周末）b) on weekdays 在工作日（Monday星期一，Tuesday星期二，Wednesday星期三，Thursday星期四，F(xiàn)riday星期五）8、 exercise（1）作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“鍛煉、運(yùn)動(dòng)”。 How often do you exercise? 你多久鍛煉一次？ I exercise every day. 我每天都鍛煉。 （2）作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“鍛煉、運(yùn)動(dòng)”，常與動(dòng)詞take連用。 Exercise makes me keep healthy. 運(yùn)動(dòng)使我保持健康。John likes taking exercise in the open air. 約翰喜歡

8、在戶外鍛煉。 （3）作可數(shù)名詞，意為“練習(xí)；操”。 We do morning exercises/eye exercises every day. 我們每天做早操/眼保健操。We do English exercises to help us learn English well. 我們做英語練習(xí)以便學(xué)好英語。9、 most與most of 的區(qū)別：（1）most后可直接跟名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))，同時(shí)，也可接有形容詞修飾的名詞。 Most boys like playing football. 大部分男孩都喜歡踢足球。I always spend most time learning Engl

9、ish.我總是花大部分時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語。（2）most后不能直接跟有定冠詞、指示代詞或物主代詞所修飾的名詞，遇到這些情況用most of 代替most。I spent most of my time learning to play the piano last year.去年我把大部分時(shí)間都花在學(xué)彈鋼琴上了。I did most of that difficult work. 那件困難的工作絕大部分都是由我做的。（3）most of 后跟人稱代詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的人稱代詞賓格。 Most of them are going off to Guangzhou next week.他們中的多數(shù)人都準(zhǔn)

10、備下星期去廣州。（4）most 前有定冠詞時(shí)，可用來修飾多音節(jié)形容詞，表示最高級，意為“最”。 This is the most beautiful flower. 這是最漂亮的花。但是，如果most前有不定冠詞a，則表示“非常；很”，相當(dāng)于very。 She is a most beautiful girl. 她是個(gè)非常漂亮的姑娘。10、 I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概每月去看一次電影。A. go to the movies去看電影B. maybe和may be的區(qū)別a) maybe是副詞，意思是“也許、可能”，在句中作，相當(dāng)于，常位于句

11、首。 Maybe she will come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午來。 Maybe you put the letter in your pockets. 大概你把信放在衣袋里了。b) 在may be中，may是，be是動(dòng)詞原形，兩者構(gòu)成完整的形式，與形成，意為“也許是、可能是”。 find my watch. It may be in your pocket. 我找不到我的了，它可能在你的口袋里。11、 Whats your favorite program？ 你最喜歡的節(jié)目是什么？句型：Whats your favorite.?=What. do you like

12、 best？你最喜歡的.是什么？Whats your favorite animal？你最喜歡的動(dòng)物是什么？= _.12、 Are you free next week？ 你下周有空嗎？單詞意思例句freea）空閑的，有空的（反義詞：busy）be free=have time有空He is free now.他現(xiàn)在有空。b）免費(fèi)的The tickets are free. 票是免費(fèi)的。13、 . next week is quite full for me. 下周對我來說相當(dāng)忙 quite full 很忙，相當(dāng)忙.單詞意思例句full忙碌的Next week is quite full fo

13、r me. 下周對我來說相當(dāng)忙。滿的，充滿的be full ofThe cup is full of water.杯子里裝滿了水。The bus was full when they got there.當(dāng)他們到那里時(shí)，公共汽車已經(jīng)滿了。飽的I cant eat any more，I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相當(dāng)飽了。14、 How come？ 怎么回事？怎么會(huì)？ =Why?本句用來表示對某事感到很奇怪，有點(diǎn)想不通15、 I have dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈課和英語課。 have 在此意為“上課”。單詞意思例句have有I have

14、many interesting books.我有很多有趣的書。吃I had bread and an egg for my breakfast.我早餐吃了面包和一個(gè)雞蛋。上課Theyre having an English lesson. 他們正在上英語課。16、 Well ，how about Tuesday？ 哦，那周二呢？a) How about.? (=What about.?) 意為“怎么樣？”，用來征求對方的意見。How about this book? 這本書怎樣？b) How / What about doing sth. .? 做怎么樣？-What will we do o

15、n Sunday？ 星期天我們什么？-How about visiting the museum？ 去參觀博物館咋樣？Its sunny today，What about _（play）tennis？17、 He plays at least twice a week. 他至少每周踢兩次（球）。at least 意為“至少”。其反義詞為at most “最多”。次數(shù)的表達(dá)方式：次數(shù)英文一次once兩次twice三次或三次以上用基數(shù)詞+times 如：五次five times幾次到幾次 to 如：three to four times三到四次幾次或幾次otr如：three or four tim

16、es三或四次 每天次：次數(shù)+ a day 每天一次：once a day每周次：次數(shù)+ a week 每周兩次：twice a week 每月次：次數(shù)+ a month 每月四次：four times a month 每年次：次數(shù)+ a year 每年十次：ten times a year18、 -How often do they stay up late?他們多久熬一次夜？-Never. They always go to bed early.從不。他們總是很早睡覺。a) stay up late熬夜b) go to bed上床睡覺，相當(dāng)于sleep19、 look after照顧，照看單

17、詞意思例句look after照顧，照看，=take care ofShe is old enough to look after herself.她長大了，能夠照顧自己了。look at 看 =have a look at Look at the blackboard.看黑板。look for 尋找I am looking for my watch.我在尋找我的手表。look up (在字典等)查找Please look up the news words in the dictionary.請?jiān)谧值渲胁檎倚聠卧~。look around 環(huán)顧She looked around before

18、coming into the new house.進(jìn)新房子之前她先環(huán)顧了四周一下。look forward to 期待，盼望I am looking forward to your letter.盼回信。look、see、watch和read辨析：look為不及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語時(shí)須用介詞at，指看的動(dòng)作。see既可做及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語，又可用做不及物動(dòng)詞，著重于看的后果，即“看到，看見”。read多指“看書、報(bào)”，這里的“看”實(shí)為“讀”，可用做及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞。watch用做及物動(dòng)詞，用來指非常仔細(xì)地、有目的和特意的動(dòng)作，表示“注視，觀看，監(jiān)視”之意。也常用于“看電視，看比賽”等短語中。S

19、ection B20、 But my mother wants me to drink it. 但我媽媽想讓我喝它。want sb. to do sth. 意為“想讓某人做某事”，want sb. not to do sth. 意為“不想讓某人做某事”。Eg：She wants me to bring him some pens. 她想讓我給她帶些鋼筆。拓展：a) want sth. 想要某物Do you want any story books？你想要些故事書嗎？b) want to do sth. 想要做某事I want to visit my uncle. 我想去看望我的叔叔。c) wa

20、nt后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，相當(dāng)于would like/love。want (sb.)to do sth.=would like/love (sb.)to do sth.21、 She says its good for my health. 她說它對我的健康有好處。單詞意思例句be good for對有益（反義詞為be bad for “對有害”）Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜對你有好處。be good at 擅長.（同義詞do well in）（擅長做某事 be good at doing sth）She is good at dancing.她擅長于跳舞。be

21、good with和相處得好；善于和相處Are you good with children?你和孩子們相處得好嗎？be good to對友好（同義詞：be friendly to）We should be good to our classmates.我們應(yīng)該對我們的同學(xué)友好。22、 keep in good health 意為“保持健康” health是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“健康(狀況)”，常用于“be in good(poor/bad)health”短語中，表示“身體好(不好)”。healthy意為“健康的”unhealthy意為“不健康的”eg： We can keep in good h

22、ealth through exercising.我們可以通過鍛煉保持健康。23、 Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上個(gè)月我們向?qū)W生詢問了他們業(yè)余活動(dòng)的情況。ask sb. about sth. “詢問某人關(guān)于某事”ask for要求，請求Eg: I asked my teacher about todays homework. _。 For the watch you lost, please ask the teacher for it. _。24、 Here are the result

23、s. 這是（調(diào)查）結(jié)果。 here 位于句首，句子要倒裝。a) 主語是名詞，句子全部倒裝（主語、謂語倒裝）Here is your jacket. 這是你的夾克b) 主語是代詞，部分倒裝（主語、謂語和陳述句一樣，不倒裝）Here you are.給你。 25、 twenty percent dont exercise at all. 百分之二十的學(xué)生根本不鍛煉。a) 百分?jǐn)?shù)由percent來表示，構(gòu)成：基數(shù)詞+percent，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)由句子主語決定。Eg：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜歡完電

24、腦游戲。b) not. at all 意為“一點(diǎn)兒也不，根本不”。Eg：I dont know about it at all. 對那件事我一點(diǎn)也不知道。c) 拓展：not at all = you are welcome 意為“不用謝，不客氣”。Eg：-Thank you for your help.-Not at all.26、 but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.但是令我們感到驚訝的是百分之九十的學(xué)生每天都使用因特網(wǎng)。surprised 驚奇的，感到意外的be surpr

25、ised at 對.感到驚訝be surprised to do 做某事感到驚奇be surprised that 后接從句【拓展】 surprising 令人驚訝的to ones surprise 令某人驚訝的是27、 Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular. 盡管許多學(xué)生喜歡看運(yùn)動(dòng)類節(jié)目，但游戲類節(jié)目是最受歡迎的。although 連詞。意為“雖然，盡管”=though；but 意為“但是”。英語中，although與but不能同時(shí)使用。Eg：Although it rained

26、，the boys still played outside.= It rained，but the boys still played outside. 盡管天下雨了，但男孩們?nèi)栽谕饷嫱嫠！?My cousin knows a lot about geography， he is only four years old. A. because B. so C. although 28、 However, she has some bad habits, too. 然而她也有一些壞習(xí)慣。however 意為“然而，不過”?？梢晕挥诰涫?、句中、句末。但要用逗號與句子的其他部分隔開。Eg: She

27、 was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。辨析：but和howeverbut “然而，但是”。 可直接連接前后兩個(gè)句子，表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。However “然而，但是”。 不能直接連接句子，必須用逗號與句子隔開。It began to rain, _,we went out to look for the boy. 天開始下雨了，但我們還是出去尋找那個(gè)男孩了。 It a sunny morning，_very cold.這是個(gè)晴朗的早晨，但是卻很冷。29、 The answers to our questions about wa

28、tching television were also interesting.關(guān)于看電視這個(gè)問題的答案也同樣有趣。a) to做后置定語，翻譯時(shí)從to后內(nèi)容往to前內(nèi)容翻譯the answers to questions 問題的答案the way to sp 去某地的路the key to the door門的鑰匙b) interesting adj 有趣的，用于形容“物體”interested adj感興趣的，用來形容“人”be interested in對感興趣I am interested in learning English.我對學(xué)習(xí)英語感興趣。（人作主語）Geography is

29、an interesting subject.地理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。c) also, too與eitheralso 常用語肯定或疑問句的句中，位于助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。too 用與肯定和疑問句的句末，前面用逗號隔開。either 用于否定句句末，前面用逗號隔開。She is also a clever girl.=She is a clever girl, too.她也是一個(gè)聰明的女孩。If you do not go, I shall not go either.你不去，我也不去。30、 It is good to relax by using the Interne

30、t or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通過上網(wǎng)或看游戲類節(jié)目是很好的放松方式，但我們認(rèn)為最好的放松方式是通過鍛煉。a) 句中it 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語。此句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Its+ adj+（for sb.）+to do sth. 意為 “（對某人來說）做某事是的”。Its very important to listen carefully in class. 上課認(rèn)真聽講很重要。Its easy for us to swim. 對我們來說游泳很容易

31、。Its very hard for him to study English. _ -I often have hamburgers for lunch.-Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food. A.eat B.to eat C.eating D. ateb) the best way to do sth 做某事最好的方法c) through通過、憑借、穿過、以，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。d) 拓展：through、over、across辨析 over指從某物上方“越過、跨過”，比如跨過小河等through指從某個(gè)空

32、間或內(nèi)部“穿過、橫過”，比如穿過隧道、森林等across指從某物表面“橫過、穿過”，比如穿過馬路等（區(qū)別cross，cross是動(dòng)詞，across是介詞）31、 Exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 比如進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)這方面的鍛煉就是有趣的，當(dāng)你們一起運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候你可以和朋友、家人一起度過時(shí)光。a) such as 意為“比如，例如”，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞ing形式。I have a lot of hobbies

33、, such as reading and singing. 我有許多愛好，比如讀書和唱歌。b) spend 意為“度過” 或“花費(fèi)（時(shí)間、金錢）”。Come and spend the weekend with us. 來和我們一起度過周末吧。c) 重點(diǎn)：1. spend timemoney on sth. 在.上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢He didnt spend much time on his homework. 他沒在作業(yè)方面花很多時(shí)間。I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. _ 2. spend timemoney（in） doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢做某事D

34、ont spend too much time watching TV. 不要花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間看電視。He always spend his time playing football. _I enjoy playing computer games,but I cant too much time that. 【拓展】spend, take, cost和pay spend “花費(fèi)” ，主語必須是人spend time money on sth. 在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）。spend time money (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）做某事。 cost的主語是物 sth. costs sb.金錢/時(shí)間 某物花了某人多少錢/時(shí)間。doing sth. costs sb.時(shí)間 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例：This coat costs me 100 yuan.這件衣服花了我100元。 take后面常跟雙賓語， 常見用法有以下幾種： It takes sb.時(shí)間/金錢to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例：It took them three years to b