初高中英語(yǔ)銜接-基本句型Word版

1、基本句型簡(jiǎn)單句 (The simple sentence)并列句 (The compound sentence)復(fù)合句 (The complex sentence)簡(jiǎn)單句 (The simple sentence) 1 主系表結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ) 2.主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+不及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 3.主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) 4 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+及物謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ) 5 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 6There be 句型 there+be+主語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ) Eg. The girl is beautiful. My grandfather gets u

2、p early in the morning. I wrote a letter last night. I gave you a book. The sun keeps us warm. .There are 60 students in our class英語(yǔ)基本句型-1 主系表結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ) 組成，主要用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征，類屬，狀態(tài)，身份等。系動(dòng)詞有: 1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的 remain, stay, keep, 3.表示狀態(tài)變化的 becom

3、e, get, turn, go, fall, come, grow;Our English teacher is thirty years old.The cake tastes deliciousThe potatoes went bad in the fields.Their boss seems satisfied with the work鞏固練習(xí)：1冬季白天短，夜晚長(zhǎng)2十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。 3孩子們很少保持安靜。4她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童5他失業(yè)了。 6樹(shù)葉已經(jīng)變黃了7這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思1 / 72主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)加不及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成, 常用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的

4、動(dòng)作。如：The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)-定語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)-狀語(yǔ)1. The red sun rises in the east.2. So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.5. He came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an ear

5、thquake, but strong ones may stay up.鞏固練習(xí)：1她昨天回家很晚。2會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。 3在過(guò)去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。41919年，在北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。5每天八時(shí)開(kāi)始上課。 6這個(gè)箱子重五公斤。7秋天有些鳥(niǎo)飛到南方去。8我的爺爺早晨起得很早。9. 每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書館來(lái)借書。英語(yǔ)基本句型-3 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。 賓語(yǔ)成分的多樣化使得這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。1. Tom made a hole in the wall.2. I dont know if he can come tomorrow.3.

6、They havent decided where to go next.4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.5. It took them ten years to build the dam.7. Mother promises to give me a present.鞏固練習(xí)1昨晚我寫了一封信。2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?3這本書他讀過(guò)多次了。 4他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃5那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。6我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來(lái)的信。7Jim 還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。 8 我們大家都相信Jack 是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。9. 他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。 10

7、. 我開(kāi)窗戶你在意嗎？英語(yǔ)基本句型4 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)說(shuō)明：此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語(yǔ)+及物謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)（人）+直接賓語(yǔ)（事物）”組成。如： He brings me cookies every day.但若要先說(shuō)出直接賓語(yǔ)（事物），后說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)（人），則要借助于介詞to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對(duì)著某人。用for 側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand,

8、offer, pass, promise, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, 等。鞏固練習(xí)：1Johnson 先生去年教我們德語(yǔ)。 2奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。3請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎？ 4他把車票給列車員看。5我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎？ 6新式機(jī)器將會(huì)為你節(jié)省許多勞動(dòng)。7他用他的第一個(gè)月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣。英語(yǔ)基本句型5 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 說(shuō)明: 此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)

9、足語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成。賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或主表關(guān)系，若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則句意不夠完整。可以用做賓補(bǔ)的有：名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式，分詞等。如： The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his radio on. 用 it 做形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放到賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的后面，以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，是英語(yǔ)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。即：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+賓補(bǔ)+真正賓語(yǔ)。如：I fou

10、nd it very pleasant to be with your family.鞏固練習(xí)：1我們叫她Alice. 2我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。 3他們把小偷釋放了。 4我要你把真相告訴我。 5 .衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開(kāi)。 6. 每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。 7我們不會(huì)讓她在晚上外出的9那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了 10她正在聽(tīng)人家講故事。11我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見(jiàn)這個(gè)字這樣用過(guò)。 12他感到很難跟你交談。 13我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。 14學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開(kāi)始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。 英語(yǔ)基本句型6 There be 句型 說(shuō)明： 此句型是由“there+be+主語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成，用以表達(dá)存在關(guān)

11、系可以稱“有”。 它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況，主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 be 之后，there 僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)意。 此句型有時(shí)不用be動(dòng)詞，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.Be 與其后的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如： 現(xiàn)在有 there is/are 過(guò)去有 there was/were 將來(lái)有 ther

12、e will be；there is /are going to be. 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be. 肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be 鞏固練習(xí)：1這個(gè)村子過(guò)去只有一口井。 2客人當(dāng)中有兩名美國(guó)人和兩名法國(guó)人。 3天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)下午有大風(fēng)。 4燈亮著，辦公室里肯定有人。 5戰(zhàn)前這兒一直有家電影院的

13、. 6恰好那時(shí)房里沒(méi)人。 7從前，在海邊的一個(gè)村子里住著一位老漁夫。 8公共汽車來(lái)了。 9就只剩下二十八美元了。 10鈴響了。 并列句請(qǐng)從下列括號(hào)中選擇合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句。（but and for so and but）1. I turned on the TV. We began to watch it. 2. I bought my sister a present She didnt like it. 3.He was tired. He went to bed. 4.The child hid behind his mother. He was afraid of

14、 the dog.5.He made a promise. He didnt keep it. 6.Mary is opening the door. John is greeting her guests.閱讀下列各組句子, 從下列括號(hào)中選擇合適的并列連詞填入適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘羞B詞.(so neither nor both and or but )1. She tried hard_she was unsuccessful.2. Put on more clothes_you may catch cold.3.In the old days, he could_ read _write.4.How

15、great he is! He can_ read French _speak it well.5.He knew nothing about the man,_ he didnt trust him.請(qǐng)用括號(hào)中所給的詞把每組句子連接為一個(gè)復(fù)合句。I still remember the day . I first came to Beijing on that day.(when)各種狀語(yǔ)從句 e.g. Time passed quickly before we knew it. The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting. So long as we work harder at our lessons, well catch up sooner or later. Do call me before hand so that I can meet you at the airport. They had to wait because the rain was getting more and more heavily.定語(yǔ)從句 e.g. In my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place where we ca