人教高中英語定語從句PPT課件

1、（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。飾的先行詞之后。第1頁/共35頁2.先行詞：先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系詞： 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。第2頁/共35頁4.關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞有關(guān)系代詞有: that, which, who, whom, whose,as等等關(guān)系副詞有關(guān)系副詞有: when, where, wh

2、y第3頁/共35頁5.關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用：關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用：A.引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句； B.代替先行詞代替先行詞； C.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see.The factory which makes computers is far away from here.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

3、第4頁/共35頁The man with who you talked just now is my neighbour.The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.第5頁/共35頁6.“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”前還可有前還可有some, any, none, all, both, neith

4、er, many, most, each , few等代詞或者數(shù)詞等代詞或者數(shù)詞。 He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind tohim. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom arefrom big cities. Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which areabout country life. 第6頁/共35頁7.注意區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同含義：注意區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同

5、含義：1. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學(xué).（她還有其他哥哥）2.Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的，他總是鼓勵她上大學(xué)（ 她只有一個哥哥）3. All the books that have pictures in them are well written.所有里面帶插圖的書都寫得很好。（不帶插圖的書則不一定寫得好。）4.

6、All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written.所有的書都帶插圖，這些書都寫得很好。（沒有不帶插圖的書。）第7頁/共35頁8.關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句主要看關(guān)系詞在定語定語從句主要看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中的作用（即所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某蓮木渲械淖饔茫此鶕?dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑┓郑?第8頁/共35頁A. I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which / that is famous fo

7、r its beautiful natural scenery. Compare :第9頁/共35頁B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. I will never forget the days that / which we spent together. 第10頁/共35頁C. This is the reason why he was dismissed.This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not atten

8、ding the meeting.第11頁/共35頁9.but 有時也用作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)有時也用作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。定語從句。 There are very few but admire his talents. （but = who dont） =There are very few who dont admire his talents. 第12頁/共35頁10.定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別1 1定語從句修飾限定先行詞，它與先行詞是定語從句修飾限定先行詞，它與先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)修飾關(guān)系；同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，它與先行詞是同位關(guān)系。

9、容，它與先行詞是同位關(guān)系。The plane that has just taken off is for Paris. The fact that he has already died is quite clear. 2 2定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分，關(guān)系代系詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時經(jīng)?？墒÷?。詞在從句中作賓語時經(jīng)?？墒÷浴５?3頁/共35頁同位語從句主要由連詞同位語從句主要由連詞that引導(dǎo)，在從句中一般不擔(dān)當(dāng)引導(dǎo)，在從句中一般不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分；有時也由成分；有時也由where, when

10、, how, who, whether, what等連等連詞引導(dǎo)，這些連詞則在從句詞引導(dǎo)，這些連詞則在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分。中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分。第14頁/共35頁The news that he told me is true. The news that he has just died is true. The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve. 第15頁/共35頁3同位

11、語從句與先行詞一般可同位語從句與先行詞一般可以用動詞以用動詞 be 發(fā)展成一個完整的發(fā)展成一個完整的句子句子, 而定語從句則不能。而定語從句則不能。 A. The idea that he we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.第16頁/共35頁B. The fact that the earth moves around the sun is known to all. The fact is that the earth

12、moves around the sun.第17頁/共35頁C. Pay attention to the problem how we can protect the wild animals. The problem is how we can protect the wild animals.第18頁/共35頁1. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, _ made the others unhappy.A. which B. who C. thisD. what第19頁/共35頁2.

13、 After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. when C. that D. where第20頁/共35頁3. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom第21頁/共35頁4. Please take any seat _ is free.A. which B. where C

14、. in which D. that第22頁/共35頁5. The old man has two sons, _ is a soldier.A. one of whom B. both of them C. all of whom D. none of them第23頁/共35頁6. This is the ship _ we crossed the Pacific(太平洋太平洋).A. by which B. by that C. where D. in which第24頁/共35頁7. New York is famous for its sky-scrapers(摩天大樓摩天大樓)_

15、has more than 100 storeys.A. the higher of them B. the highest of whichC. the highest of them D. some of which第25頁/共35頁9. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _ many people have gone home.A. whose time B. that C. at which D. by which time第26頁/共35頁10. The boy _ composition w

16、on the first prize is the youngest in the group.A. who B. whose C. thatD. which第27頁/共35頁11. I dont like the way_ you speak to her.A. / B. that C. in which D. All A, B, and C第28頁/共35頁12. I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, has a good effect on my life.A. that, wh

17、ich B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who第29頁/共35頁13. Is this book _ you want to borrow from the library?A. that B. which C. the one D. /第30頁/共35頁14. Such a book _ you showed me is difficult to understand.A. that B. which C. as D. like第31頁/共35頁15. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then