ARAMCO阿美認(rèn)證檢驗(yàn)員考試題及答案(共56頁)

1、Questionnaire and Answer Sheet: MECHANICAL GENERAL 1 機(jī)械綜合機(jī)械綜合 1 1. What is the purpose of a penetrameter or IQI?Indicates radiographic sensitivity and quality of the techniques.2. What is meant by the term sensitivity with regard to radiography?The ability of a radiographic technique to reveal defec

2、ts of a specific size.3. What are the limitations of magnetic particle inspection and liquid penetrant inspection?M.P. can be used only on ferromagnetic materials to detect surface subsurface discontinuities.L.P. can be used to detect defects open to the surface.Both M.P. and L.P. require surface pr

3、eparations before testing.4. What information is contained in a Welding Procedure Specification?Process type, groove (joint) design, material type, material thickness, position of groove, filler metal type, pre-heat requirements, interpass temperature, post weld heat treatment requirements, shieldin

4、g gas or flux type, electrical characteristics, techniques of welding. 5. Why is post weld heat treatment required for some type weldments?Relieve stresses, lower hardness 6. What is the basic difference between a DIN and an ASME penetrameter?DIN penetrameter is a wire type penetrameter, ASME penetr

5、ameter is a hole type penetrameter. 7. What type of defects would you expect to find during visual inspection of a completed weld?Undercutting, excessive or insufficient weld reinforcement, excessive irregularities, incomplete penetration on a single butt-weld, weld spatter, etc.8. What precaution m

6、ust be taken with low hydrogen welding electrodes?Store in oven when not in use, kept in heated container by welder awaiting use.9. What information normally appears on radiography?Penetrameter identification, Location of markers to ensure complete coverage, the name of the inspecting laboratory, th

7、e date, the part number, whether original or subsequent exposure.10. What is the rule of thumb used to determine the amperage for the dry, prod method of magnetic particle inspection?100 125 amps / inch.11. What materials are the transducer made from?Quartz, Barium Titanate, Lithium Sulphate and Cer

8、amics.12. What is a film defect?A mark on the film usually caused by improper handling or processing.13. If you were inspecting an item using the prod method and located a weak crack pattern, where would you place the prods to obtain a stronger location?Relocate prods 90 degrees to the crack pattern

9、 and re-inspect.14. What typical defects would you expect while inspecting a casting?Sand and slag inclusions, gas porosity, shrinkage, hot tears.15. Describe the pulse echo technique.When an electric current is applied to the crystal, the crystal vibrates transforming the electric energy into mecha

10、nical vibrations which are transmitted through a coupling medium into the test material. These pulse vibrations propogate through the object and are reflected as echoes from both discontinuities and the back surface of the test piece and will appear as a vertical deflection on the cathode ray tube o

11、r oscilloscope.16. Which method i.e. magnetic particle examination or liquid penetrant examination, locate non-metallic inclusions open to the surface.Both.17. What is a “Weld Procedure Qualification Record?A document which contains, essentially the same information as a WPS but includes the results

12、 of the tests necessary to qualify the WPS. Also listed are the “essential variable” of the specific process of processes.18. What is meant by the term “Film Density”?Measurement or film blackening.測(cè)量或膠片的發(fā)黑度。Densitometer is used to measure film darkening. 顯像密度計(jì)是用于測(cè)量膠片的暗色變化。19. What factors determine

13、 the echo height of a flaw in ultrasonic inspection?Size of the flow, position or orientation and instrument characteristics.20. What surface preparation is required on a material before magnetic particle or liquid penetrant inspection?The material surface should be clean, dry and free from oil, gre

14、ase, weld spatter or anything that will obscure or interfere with defect detection.Questionnaire and Answer Sheet: MECHANICAL GENERAL 2 機(jī)械綜合機(jī)械綜合 2 1. What is a mil?“Mil”是什么？1/1000 part of an inch.2. Difference between stress relieving normalising.3. Name 2 tests carried out to determine toughness.D.

15、W.T.T., CHARPY 4. What is max. hardness valve as per NACE MRD 175?c) Steel 235 Hv max. 鋼 最大：235 Hv5. How would you measure gramophone lines on a raised face of a flange?/ 6. Name 3 types of flanges.Weld neck, Raised Face, Grooved Face7. What precautions must be taken when welding cladded pipe?Check

16、angle, Prep etc. when welding ensures slag is removed and freed of beads etc.8. What info is required on a standard mill cert?Cast Analysis, Chemical Analysis, P.O. Number, Client, Mech. Test Results etc.9. Why is radiography preferred over other N.D.T. methods?Permanent indications on SPAM.Question

17、naire and Answer Sheet (MAGNETICAL PARTICLE TESTING) 磁粉檢驗(yàn)磁粉檢驗(yàn)1. Can heat have an effect on the results of a magnetic particle test?YES 是的2. How does the appearance of a surface defect differ from that of a subsurface defect?Surface defects have a more clear and distinct indication and are easier to

18、detect, they can also be re-tested by PT method. Subsurface defects are detectable by MT-Method (most reliable method is “wet fluorescent” after A.C. magnetizing) keep in mind the skin effect when using AC current3. TRUE or FALSE: A coil shot produces what is generally considered to be a longitudina

19、l magnetic field.TRUE (apply the right hand rule)4. As per ASME Section V, what amperage should be used for the dry prod exam of base metal?For thickness below ” 90-110 Amp/25mm for thickness above ” 100-125 Amp (refer to ASME Section V)5. Surface defects are more clearly defined by A.C. or D.C. cur

20、rent.By A.C. 6. TRUE or FALSE: Discontinuities parallel to the magnetic field produce the strongest indicationsFALSE, best case is 90 to the magnetic field lines.7. TRUE or FALSE: It is possible to detect defects by magnetic particle examination that cannot be detected by radiography.TRUE, for examp

21、le, by x-ray method using an Iridium 192 source, you will not detect very smallCracks, called “hair cracks”. Those kinds of defects can be found by MT-wet fluorescent method, on the surface or close to the surface.8. What method is more sensitive for the detection of subsurface defects, AC or DC cur

22、rent?A.C. 9. According to ASME Section V. what are the three main steps in a magnetic particle examination?Cleaning up the test surface, magnetizing of the component and application of the according test medium, i.e. dry powder or fluorescent suspension, evaluation and record the results.10. TRUE or

23、 FALSE: When parts are to be welded after magnetic particle testing, residual magnetism may attract the filler material. This aids in the disposition of weld metal improving the weld quality.TRUE 正確 11. TRUE or FALSE: A longitudinal magnetized part retains a more objectionable residual field than a

24、circular magnetized part.TRUE 錯(cuò)誤12. TRUE or FALSE: Demagnetization is still required when a part will be subsequently heat treated.FALSE13. TRUE or FALSE: The detection of subsurface defects over ” deep in weldments is more of a problem than is the case of surface defects.TRUE 正確14. When a magnetic

25、field is induced in a part with prods, spaced 6 inches apart, the field is considered as: a) solenoid field b) distorted circular field c) longitudinal field d) yoke fieldb) 15. TRUE or FALSE: Abrupt changes in thickness, high amperages and drilled holes near the test surface are causes of no releva

26、nt indications. TRUE 正確Questionnaire and Answer Sheet RT (RADIOGRAPHY TESTING) 射線檢驗(yàn)射線檢驗(yàn)1. What is the purpose of a penetrameter?To indicate the quality of radiological images.2. What are the minimum and maximum acceptance levels, per ASME Section V, for film density using a gamma-ray source and sing

27、le film viewing?1.5 4.0 (-15% + 30%)3. Name five (05) attributes which are normally included in a written radiographic procedure.Material thickness, isotope or X-ray source, minimum source to object distance, maximum source size, film type, penetrameter image requirements, radiographic technique,4.

28、Name at least 5 types of weld defects would you expect to find with Radiography.Cracks, porosity, slag inclusion, tungsten inclusion, lack of penetration, lack of fusion, cluster gas pores, offset, burn through isolated inclusion, 5. What American standard specifies the qualification requirements fo

29、r technicians involved in nondestructive testing?ASNT, RP SNT-TC-1A6. TRUE or FALSE: ASME Section VIII, div. 1 contains radiographic acceptance criteria for rounded indication.True (Appendix 4) 正確（附錄 4 ）7. In a double wall technique for single wall viewing, what is the minimum number of exposures re

30、quired by ASME V?Three exposures taken 120 deg. to each other8. Source size, specimen thickness, and source to object distances are three factors that determine the _ of a radiograph?Sensitivity 靈敏度9. What does ASME V say about quality of radiographic film?All radiographs shall be free from mechanic

31、al, chemical, or other blemishes to the extent that they do not mask and are not confused with the image of any discontinuity in the area of interest.10. A radiographic film having wide latitude also has, by definition: a) poor definition b) low contrast c) high speed d) none of the above. blow cont

32、rast 低的對(duì)比度11. TRUE or FALSE: To make a proper evaluation when interpreting a radiograph, it is necessary to know the welding process used to make the weld.True 正確12. A dark line of varying width on a radiograph which follows the edge of the fusion zone of a weld cap is indicative of: a) undercutting

33、 b) incomplete fusion c) porosity d) shrinkageIncomplete fusion 不完全融合13. A radiograph that shows a narrow dark line traveling in irregular directions would generally indicate the presence of: a) a crack b) slag line c) aligned porosity d) lack of fusiona- crack 裂縫14. TRUE or FALSE: Radiographic film

34、 with large grain size will produce radiographs with better definition than film with small grain size.False 錯(cuò)誤15. TRUE or FALSE: Deep scratches in lead screens result in corresponding dark fines on the radiograph.True 正確Questionnaire and Answer Sheet UT (ULTRASONIC TESTING) 超聲檢驗(yàn)超聲檢驗(yàn)1. What is the f

35、irst step in a UT examination? 超聲檢驗(yàn)的第一步是什么？Read the Performance Instruction, to be issued by a qualified UT-Level 2 or 3 Expert, calibration of test unit, check the test surface condition. 2. Why is surface condition critical?The longitudinal or transverse waves, produced by the test probe have to p

36、enetrate into the material, possibly without any loss of wave energy and to avoid UT-echoes on the screen, caused by a rough surface, which can result in miss-interpretation of the echoes. To eliminate those and to support a proper wave penetration into the material, in any case, it must be applied

37、a kind of Gel or alternative medium with a similar viscosity, onto the test surface prior commencement of scanning the surface with the test probe.3. What is the most common method to check for cracks in a weld using UT?Shear wave technique (Application of a 60 or 70 shear wave test probe.) 用 60 度或

38、70 度的橫波試驗(yàn)探頭。4. Higher frequency transducers are generally better suited for: a) castings b) forgings c) neitherb) Forgings b) 鍛件 c) neither5. Define sensitivityTo calibrate the UT-Test Unit in conjunction with the calibration / reference block, i.e. “K1” or “K2”, you have Unit amplification for exam

39、ple of 12dB, this is the calibration sensitivity. To have a better resolution for detection of irregularities, you put on top another 3dB for transfer correction and another 3dB for compensation of wave pressure reduction occurred by the steel micro structure. This increase of 6dB means that the tes

40、t or scanning sensitivity is doubled. Upon detection of a defect, you have to reduce the 6dB correction for further evaluation acc. to the negotiated acceptance criteria. 6. Define resolutionThe resolution depends on correct choice of test unit incl. choice of test transducer, proper calibration inc

41、l. all above mentioned correction compensations, test surface condition, depth -type size -characteristic of defects.7. Which transducer provides greater sensitivity and resolution: a) low frequency b) high frequency c) expensive transducers.b) High frequency, due to the shorter wave length.8. TRUE

42、or FALSE: Ultrasonic is the preferred method for examining clad plate for lack of bonding.TRUE 正確9. List at least three types of defects can be detected by ultrasonic testing?Lack of bonding, none metallic inclusion, porosity / pores, overlapsLack of fusion, cracks10. What level of certification mus

43、t an ultrasonic test operator, working independently, have as a minimum?For plate and bar stock ferro materials, using longitudinal wave technique: Level 1 required, for testing of weld connections using shear wave technique, testing of austenitic: Level 2 required.When working independent and evalu

44、ating and classifying UT flaws level 2 is required11. When examining materials for planar flaws oriented parallel to the part surface, what test method is most often used? a) angle beam b) through transmission c) straight beam d) dual crystalDepending on material thickness eighter c) straight beam,

45、or d) dual crystalMost often straight beam is used12. Compensation for a variation in echo height related to variations in discontinuity depth in the test material is known as: a) transfer b) attenuation c) distance amplitude correction d) interpretationc)13. TRUE or FALSE: As transducer diameter de

46、creases, the beam spread decreases.False, once the transducer diameter becomes smaller, the near field becomes shorter, and the divergence angle becomes larger. Another influence factor of course is the frequency of the transducer.14. TRUE or FALSE: In general, for a given frequency, shear waves are

47、 more sensitive to small discontinuities than longitudinal waves.Ture15. Low frequency sound waves are not generally used to test thin materials because of a) the repaid attenuation of low frequency sound b) incompatible wavelengths c) poor near surface resolution d) none of the above.d）Questionnair

48、e and Answer Sheet PT (LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING) 滲透檢驗(yàn)滲透檢驗(yàn) 1. Is PT an acceptable method for non-ferrous materials?YES 是的2. What is dwell time?Penetration time of the red liquid spray, between application to surface and remove from the surface, generally 15 min. at room temperature. Dwell time depend

49、s on type of penetrant and temperature.3. For the fluorescent penetrant method what is the minimum amount of time the examiner must be in the darkened area?Min. 3-5 min. for the eye re-adjustment.4. TRUE or FALSE: It is possible to detect defects by liquid penetrant examination that cannot be detect

50、ed by radiography.True, especially defects close to surface or open to surface. 5. Can Liquid penetrant inspection be used on hat assemblies?No 6. Can color contrast penetrant testing be performed in broad daylight?YES 可以。7. What type of defects can liquid penetrant testing detect?Only defects which

51、 are open to the surface, due to the capillary effect.8. Which of the following physical properties, more than any other, determines what makes a material a good penetrant? a) Viscosity b) Surface tension c) Wetting ability d) No single property if a material will or will not be a good penetrant.a)

52、+ b)9. Which of the following is not a recommended method for cleaning a surface prior to a liquid penetrant test: a) acid etching b) vapor degreasing c) liquid solvent d) sand blasting e) all of the above are acceptablea) + d)10. Which of the following are typical of foreign matter which might bloc

53、k the openings of discontinuities if the surface of a test specimen is not cleaned properly? a) water b) oxides c) carbon d) all of the abovea) 11. If a penetrant test is to be conducted using a visible dye penetrant in pressurized spray cans, the temperature of the test area should not be lower tha

54、n: a) 90 degrees F b) 60 degrees F c) 40 degrees F d) 0 degrees Cb) 60F = 15. 5C12. Developer assists in the detection of penetrants retained in discontinuities by aiding the: a) post cleaning process b) emulsification process c) bleed-out process d) drying processd)13. A commonly used method of che

55、cking on the overall performance of a penetrant material system is by: a) determining the viscosity of the penetrant b) measuring the wet ability of the penetrant c) comparing two section of an artificially cracked partc) Use a reference pcs.14. Which of the following visible dye penetrants is more

56、sensitive for detecting fine grinding cracks? a) non-water soluble visible dye penetrants b) water washable visible dye penetrants c) all dye penetrants are about equal in sensitivitya)Questionnaire and Answer Sheet: ELECTRICAL 1電學(xué)電學(xué) 1. How would you describe the functions of a generator and a motor

57、?A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. 發(fā)電機(jī)是將機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能。A motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是將電能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能。2. Is the efficiency of a synchronous motor expected to be higher than an induction motor?Yes.是的。3. How is a power factor of the load obtained on a sy

58、nchronous machine?Excitation adjustment 激發(fā)調(diào)節(jié)器4. Why is shaft current insulation required on large motors and when should it be checked i.e. before or after assembly?To eliminate the possibility of bearings damage caused by current circulating from the shaft through the bearing to the pedestal and ba

59、ck to the other end of the shaft. The insulation resistance should be checked on the bearing before assembly of the shaft since only one bearing is normally insulated.5. What would you consider to be the basic purchase order information you would need to proceed with a cable inspection assignment?a)

60、 Size of the cable 電纜的尺寸b) Voltage rating 額定電壓c)Quantity 數(shù)量Others: Type of insulation, number of conductors, applicable standards, ultimate service.其它：絕緣類型、纜芯數(shù)量、適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、最終服務(wù)。6. What is the relationship between the phase voltage and the line voltage in a 3-phase 4-wire system?LV = 1.732 x PV 線路電壓= 1.732