反意疑問(wèn)句詳解與練習(xí)

1、9 反意疑問(wèn)句詳解與練習(xí) 一 概說(shuō)：反意疑問(wèn)句(Disjunctive Qusetions)是一種常用于口語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)句，這種問(wèn)句由兩部分組成，前一部分是陳述句，后一部分是附加的一簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句（稱為question tag）,中間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，因此反意疑問(wèn)句又稱附加疑問(wèn)句。二結(jié)構(gòu)：陳述句附加部分（be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞代詞）三主要特點(diǎn)：前肯后否前否后肯四反意疑問(wèn)句附加部分使用代詞的一般規(guī)則如果陳述句的主語(yǔ)是代詞，用相應(yīng)代詞即可。例：He is your teacher, isnt he?如果陳述句的主語(yǔ)是名詞，則要用相應(yīng)的代詞指代該名詞例：Li Lei gets up at six in the m

2、orning, doesnt he?五反意疑問(wèn)句附加部分，代詞前面的規(guī)則如果陳述句中謂語(yǔ)部分本身有系動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞，附加疑問(wèn)句中用與它相應(yīng)的肯定或否定形式即可。例：He is your teacher, isnt he? He doesnt like swimming, does he? Tom has finished his homework, hasnt he?如果在陳述句中沒(méi)有系動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞就要根據(jù)陳述句的時(shí)態(tài)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦?dòng)詞例：She went to Shanghai yesterday, didnt she? Li Lei gets up at six in th

3、e morning, doesnt he?六反意疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)反意疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)一般由yes或no引導(dǎo)的簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)來(lái)回答。（要注意時(shí)態(tài)及代詞的呼應(yīng)，以及yes/no在句中的翻譯 前肯后否的句子 She is your teacher, isnt she? Yes, she is. 是的，她是 No, she isnt. 不,她不是 前否后肯的句子 She is not your teacher, is she? Yes, she is. 不，她是 No, she isnt 對(duì)她不是七特殊句式的反意疑問(wèn)句陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是there be,附加部分用be there形式如：There is an a

4、pple on the table, isnt there? 桌子上有個(gè)蘋(píng)果，是嗎? Therere some trees on the island, arent there? 小島上有一些樹(shù)，是嗎？.陳述部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為used to 時(shí)，則附加部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種形式 如：He used to live in London, didnt he? He used to live in London, usednt he? 他以前住在倫郭，對(duì)吧？There be 與used to 的組合句式 如：There used to be a cinema here before the war, di

5、dnt there? There used to be a cinema here before the war, usednt there? 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之前，這里有一個(gè)電影院，對(duì)嗎？祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，除了Lets 引導(dǎo)的祈使句附加部分用shall we外，其它的都用will you. 形式表示請(qǐng)求, 用wont you？形式表示委婉請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng) 如：Lets go there, shall we? 我們?nèi)ツ抢?，好嗎?Let us go there, will you? 我們?nèi)ツ抢铮脝幔?(也可用wont you) Give me a hand, will you? 幫幫我，好嗎？(也可用won

6、t you) Please open the door, will you? 請(qǐng)把門(mén)打開(kāi)，好嗎？(也可用wont you) Let me have a try,will you? (let me開(kāi)頭也可以用shall I )(也可用wont you) (注：陳述部分為否定祈使句時(shí)，問(wèn)句部分只用will you?形式。) 如Dont make any noise, will you? 不要發(fā)出燥音，好嗎？ Dont forget it, will you? 別忘了，好嗎？陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指示代詞this,that時(shí)，附加部分用it, 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞形式如: This is very impor

7、tant, isnt it? 這是非常重要的，是嗎？陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指示代詞these,those時(shí)，附加部分主語(yǔ)用they,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)如：Those are cups, arent they? 那些是茶杯，是嗎？陳述部分有hardly,seldom,rarely,no,nothing,never,little,few,nobody,nowhere，barely,neither, too-to 等表示否定意義的詞時(shí)，附加部分用肯定式 如：You will never forget it, will you? 你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記這件事，是嗎？ There is nothing on the tabl

8、e, is there? 桌子上什么也沒(méi)有，是嗎？ There is little water in the bottle, is there? 瓶子里幾乎沒(méi)有水，對(duì)嗎？陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞，動(dòng)詞不定式或從句時(shí)，附加部分主語(yǔ)用it,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)如：Walking is good for your helth, isnt it? (動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)) Keeping fingernails long is bad, isnt it? (動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)) To learn English well isnt easy, is it?（動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)） What you said is wrong, i

9、snt it?（從句作主語(yǔ)）陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是不定代詞時(shí) 如果是表示物的everything,anything,something,nothing時(shí)，附加部分主語(yǔ)用it,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式 如：Nothing is serious, is it? 沒(méi)什么嚴(yán)重的，是嗎？ 如果是表示人的everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone, nobody時(shí)，附加部分用he 或者用they 都可以,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用相應(yīng)的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式 如：No one was hurt, was he? (were they)沒(méi)有人受傷，是嗎？ Everyone knows

10、his job, doesnt he? (do they) 每個(gè)人都了解他的工作，是嗎？10.陳述部分有need或dare時(shí) 若need 和dare 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，附加部分的謂語(yǔ)部分用do的適當(dāng)形式（即：do/does/did） 如：We need to do it, dont we? They needed to come earlier, didnt they? She didnt need to come earlier, did she? He needs some fruit, doesnt he? (注：在need to do sth.和need sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)

11、 You dare to do it, dont you? (注：在dare to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，dare為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞) 若need 和dare 為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，附加部分分別用need 或dare構(gòu)成 如:They neednt go there, need you? 他們不必去那兒，對(duì)嗎？ You darent go there, dare you? 你不敢去那里，是嗎？ （注：在neednt do sth./need do sth.和darent do sth./dare do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中，need 和 dare是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）11.復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句一般是根據(jù)主句

12、的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)形式來(lái)確定附加部分如：He said that we were happy, didnt he? 當(dāng)復(fù)合句的主句是： 主語(yǔ)think（expect/suppose/believe/suspect/imagine）從句時(shí) (guess/feel/hear/say/am afraid/be sure) 附加部分的確定如下：情況一，主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，要根據(jù)從句而定如：I think she is a good nurse, isnt she? I suppose he is serious , isnt he? We dont think they are wrong, are th

13、ey? 情況二，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第二，三人稱時(shí)，根據(jù)主句而定如：You think she is a good teacher, dont you? He dosent think I work hard, dose he?12.含有had better 的句子，附加部分用had/hadnt主語(yǔ)如：Youd better not stay here, had you? You had better see a doctor, hadnt you?13.陳述部分有would rather時(shí)，附加部分用wouldnt代詞如：They would rather take this one, would

14、nt they?14.陳述部分是I am-結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加部分用arent I 如：Im right, arent I? 我是正確的，對(duì)嗎？Im late, arent I? 我遲到了，是嗎15.陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是wish ,表示征求意見(jiàn)時(shí)，附加部分用may 如：I wish to go home now, may I ? 我想現(xiàn)在就回家可以嗎？ I wish to have another piece of cake, may I ? 我想再要一塊蛋糕，可16.陳述部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ought to 時(shí)，附加部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用ought/ oughtnt也可以用should/shouldnt 如：

15、Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they? 這樣的事情是不被允許的，是嗎 He ought to be punished, oughtnt he? 他應(yīng)該受到懲罰，是嗎？ You ought to go by ship, shouldnt you? （注：在正式文體中，用ought 代詞not 形式）如：we ought to go, ought we not? 我們應(yīng)該去，是嗎？(此句也可以這樣we ought to go , should we not?)17.陳述部分以不定代詞one作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，附加部分，在正式場(chǎng)合用one,在非正式場(chǎng)合

16、用you 如：One cant be too careful, can one? One cant be too careful, can you? 最認(rèn)真不過(guò)如此了，是嗎？18.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的句子若陳述部分強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)，附加部分用arent/isnt 主語(yǔ) 如：You must be tired, arent you? 你一定很累了吧，對(duì)嗎？ 若陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是“musthave過(guò)去分詞”時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)（一般有過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）附加部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用didnt主語(yǔ) 如：He must have met her yesterday afternoon, didnt he

17、? 他想必是昨天下午見(jiàn)過(guò)她了，是嗎？ 若陳述部分強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，附加部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“havent/hasnt主語(yǔ) 如：You must have seen the film, havent you? 你想必是看過(guò)這部電影，是嗎？ 若陳述部分的must表示“有必要時(shí)”，附加部分用neednt 如：You must go home right now, neednt you? 你有必要馬上回家，是嗎？ 若陳述部分的mustnt 表示禁止的，附加部分一般用may 如：You mustnt walk on grass, may you? 不許在草地上走，知道嗎？對(duì)以上點(diǎn)的補(bǔ)充：陳述部分用must(m

18、ay, might) + have + V-ed表示推測(cè)時(shí)，若句中帶有明顯的過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，問(wèn)句部分動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)形式。如： He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didnt he? （不用mightnt he?/ hasnt he?） You must have got up late this morning, didnt you?（不用mustnt you?/havent you?） 陳述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推測(cè)時(shí)，若句中沒(méi)有帶明顯的過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，問(wèn)句部分動(dòng)

19、詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形式。如： Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, havent they? （不用mustnt they?） You must have worked there a year ago, didnt you?（不用mustnt you?/ havent you?） 19.在個(gè)別情況下，前后兩部分可以都是肯定或都是否定，這時(shí)具有特殊含義（這種較少見(jiàn)）如：You sold that lovely bracelet, did you? 你賣(mài)掉了那漂亮的手鐲，是嗎？（表遺憾的感情）20.感嘆句后的反意疑問(wèn)句，動(dòng)詞用be的現(xiàn)

20、在時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)根據(jù)具體內(nèi)容而定。如：What a clever girl, isnt she? (此句省略了感嘆句的陳述部分she is) (完整句子What a celever girl she is, isnt she? ) How beautiful the flowers are, arent they?21. 反意疑問(wèn)句的陳述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，陳述部分要視為肯定含義，問(wèn)句部分用否定形式。 如：Your father is unhappy, isnt he?（不能用is he?） The man is dishonest,

21、isnt he? （不能用is he?） It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isnt it?（不能用is it ?） It is unfar, isnt it? 這不公平，是吧？22. 陳述部分為Here/there + be + 主語(yǔ)時(shí)，問(wèn)句部分用助動(dòng)詞+ (here/there)?形式。 如：Here is a story about Mark Twain, isnt here? There lived a king here many years ago, didnt there?23. 并

22、列復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句的主、謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與相近的分句的主、謂語(yǔ)相一致。 如：John isnt a hard-working student, for he has been late for three times, hasnt he?24. 陳述部分含有have/has/had to時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用do的相應(yīng)形式。 如：You have to go, dont you? He has to stay in bed all day, doesnt he? I had to keep it well, didnt I?但是在陳述句中用have/has/had got to來(lái)代替have/has/

23、had to時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句用have的相應(yīng)形式。 如：Ann has got to see a doctor, hasnt she?You havent got to go to school on Sunday, have you?25.主語(yǔ)為neither-nor-, not only-but also-, both-and-, either-or-, not-but-, -and- 結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句主語(yǔ)用相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式 如: Both Jack and John will come to the party, wont they? Neither you nor I am wro

24、ng, are we?8、 練習(xí)完成下列句子1. Its very hot today,_?2.He can speak Chinese,_?3.Meimei studies in a middle school,_?4. He never gets up late ,_?5. Dontgoout at night,_?6.He never loves cold weather ,_?2. 7. You finished the task yesterday,_?9.Tom has been to Singapore ,_?10.The storyis little interesting,_

25、?11.Everything starts to grow in spring,_?12.He can hardly finish his homework,_?13.Im in Class 3,Grade 2,_?14.Lets go shopping ,_?15.She doesnt like climbing hills ,_?16.I dont think it is cold today,_?17. You think he is a good flight attendant, _?18.Nobody knows where she lives,_?19.Few students

26、can answer the question,_?20.Mike likes English, _?21.That was a wonderful night, _?22.Your sister helped him, _?23.Tom is skating, _？24.You arent a teacher, _?25.They havent been to the Great Wall, _?26.You will join the soccer team, _?27.He likes neither apples nor pears, _?28.There are some good

27、books for you, _?29.They have been there twice, _?30.Lets do it now, _?31.You dislike this kind of gifts, _?32.Nothing is impossible, _?33.Everything is possible, _?34.He doesnt go to school by bus, _?35.There is little milk left in the bottle, _?36.Let us clean the classroom by ourselves, _?37.He h

28、as studied here for about four years, _?38.You have never lost money before, _?39.Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, _?40.Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _?41.Shes American, _?42.There will be a volleyball match in our school, _?43.Dont smoke in the reading-r

29、oom, _?44.I dont think he is right, _?45.You must do your homework by yourself, _?46.You mustnt touch the machine, _?47.He must be a worker, _?48.Someone looked for me yesterday, _?49.Im a teacher, _?50.What a nice watch, _?51.I wish to use your ruler, _?52.I have to stay at home, _?53.Youd better w

30、ear warm clothes today, _?54.What he needs is his parents love, _?55.Youd like a cup of tea, _?56.Dont be late again, _?57.Their prices are really low, _?58.Reading is good for you to learn English, _?59.No one knows about it, _?60.I think you should study hard, _?61.Few of them hurt themselves in t

31、he accident last night, _ ? 62.His sister had a bad cough, _she? 63.Mr. Green went to Shenzhen on business last week, _? 64. John can hardly understand any Chinese, _he? 65.Dont smoke in the meeting-room, _? 66.Lucy, you clean the blackboard today, _ ？ 67. Miss Cheng will never forget her first visi

32、t to Canada ,_? 68.The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the snake,_? 69.Tina is unhappy now, _? 70.-The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister,_? -Yes, because his mother has gone shopping. 71.My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_? 72.There is some water in that bottle,

33、 _? 73. I dont think that the necklace is made of diamond, _? 74. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned, _? 75. Its my sons wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,_? 76. Harry wouldnt become a teacher if it hadnt been for the holiday, _? 77. No one left here yesterday,_? 78

34、. Birds rarely build nests in our garden,_? 79. You must have been to the Great Wall, _? 80. Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, _? 81. They must have stayed at home last night,_? 82. Theres not much news in todays newspaper, _? 83. They need our help badly at the moment, _? 84. She is

35、unfit for the position, _? 85. I wish to visit America, _? 86. Shes been a worker here for many years, _? 87. What beautiful flowers, _? 88. Mother used to live in a poor village, _? 89.Youd better go at once, _? 90.I am very interested in Mark Twains novels, _? 91. He never gets up late , ? 92. Don

36、t go out , ? 93. Everything begins to grow in spring, ? 94. He can hardly finish the work, ? 95. Let us go home , ? 96. You think he is a good student, ? 97. Nobody knows where she lives, ? 98. Few students can answer the question, ? 99. You neednt attend the meeting, _? 100. We need to come on Sund

37、ay, _? 單項(xiàng)填空1. Youd rather watch TV this evening, _? a. isnt it b. hadnt you c. wouldnt you d. wont you 2. I suppose youre not going today, _? a. are you b. do you c. dont you d. arent you 3. I wish to shake hands with you, _? a. shall b. may I c. do I d. will I 4. Three hours ought to be enough time

38、, _? a. oughtnt three hours b. didnt they c. shouldnt it d. shouldnt three hours 5. They have to study a lot, _? a. dont they b. havent they c. did they d. hadnt they 6. When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, _ ? a. didnt he b. did he c. did it d. didnt it 7. Im sure dirty, _? a. am

39、I b. isnt I c. arent I d. am not I 8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I dont think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, _ you? a. do b. did c. dont d. didnt 9. Thats the sort of the book you want, _? a. is it d. isnt that c. is that d. isnt it 10. All thes

40、e dictionaries are a great help to you, _? a. are they b. arent they c. are all these dictionaries d. arent all these dictionaries 11. The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, _? a. wasnt it b. was it c. didnt we d. werent we 12. Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he shoul

41、d have finished them by now, _? a. hasnt he b. has he c. shouldnt he d. didnt you 13. David told me that you would take a trip to America, _? a. would you b. wouldnt you c. did you d. didnt you 14. There appeared to be no better way, _? a. was there b. were there c. did there d. didnt there 15. You

42、has some trouble finding where I live, _? a. didnt you b. hadnt you c. do I d. dont I 16. He has his hair cut every month, _? a. has he b. hasnt he c. does he d. doesnt he 17. Your friend needs to come earlier, _? a. does he b. doesnt he c. need he d. neednt he 18. The little boy dare not go to chur

43、ch, _? a. dare he b. darent he c. does he d. doesnt he 19. Susand have worked abroad if shed had the chance, _? a. has she b. hadnt she c. would she d. wouldnt she 20. Everyones having a good time, _? a. is he b. isnt everyone c. does he d. arent they 21. Any one can join the club, _? a. can any one

44、 b. cant any one c. cant they d. can they 22. Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, _? a. will you b. shant you c. do you d. dont you 23. Magaret scarcely comes to visit you on Christmas Day, _? a. doesnt she b. does she c. do you d. dont you 24. Lets listen to the radio program that the t

45、eacher mentioned, _? a. do we b. dont we c. shall we d. shant we 25. You think youre funny, _? a. didnt you b. are you c. dont you d. do you 26. Janet used to take part in labor in that village, _? a. used she b. did she c. didnt she d. should she 27. What beautiful weather, _? a. is it b. isnt it c. wont it d. doesnt it 28. He ought to go to Kwangchow by plane, _? a. should he b. shouldnt he c. would he d. wouldnt he 29. We never dared to ask him a question, _? a. did we b. didnt we c. dared we d. darent we 30. Nobody