初中英語--名詞

1、 初中名詞初中名詞名詞是表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的名稱的詞。名詞可數(shù)名詞個體名詞：chair，book集體名詞：people，family不可數(shù)名詞物質名詞：rain，ice，sunshine抽象名詞：love，knowledge 考點一 名詞的分類 考 點二 可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式 2.不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化單復數(shù)同形（巧記：中國人、日本人喜歡綿羊、鹿和魚）Chinese; Japanese; sheep; fish; deer特殊變化man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth;mouse-mice; child-children 合成名詞以man

2、, woman開頭的合成詞前后都變成復數(shù)man teacher-men teachers; woman doctor-women doctors以man, woman結尾的合成詞將man, woman變成復數(shù)Englishman-Englishmen; Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen一般合成詞只將主體名詞變成復數(shù)boy friend-boy friends ;girl student-girl students考點三、不可數(shù)名詞的用法考點三、不可數(shù)名詞的用法不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)。如果要計算不可數(shù)名詞所表達的不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)。如果要計算不可數(shù)名詞所表達的數(shù)量，就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名

3、詞之間加上數(shù)量，就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間加上“量量 詞詞+of+不不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞”。單復數(shù)表現(xiàn)在。單復數(shù)表現(xiàn)在of 前面的名詞上，而前面的名詞上，而 of 后后始終是單數(shù)始終是單數(shù)例如：例如：a glass of water, a piece of papera glass of water, a piece of paper，考點四、名詞所有格考點四、名詞所有格表示有生命事物的名詞所有格，一般用表示有生命事物的名詞所有格，一般用 “名詞名詞s”形形式式1. 單數(shù)名詞和不以單數(shù)名詞和不以s結尾的復數(shù)名詞一般加結尾的復數(shù)名詞一般加s, 如：如：Lucys book; Teachers Da

4、y 2. 以以s結尾的名詞，不管是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)形式，一律加結尾的名詞，不管是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)形式，一律加, 如如:The teachers office; Dickens book; 注：注：若表示幾個人共有一樣東西，只需在最后一個人的名字若表示幾個人共有一樣東西，只需在最后一個人的名字后加后加s, 如：如：This is Tom and Bobs room.注：注：若表示各自所有，則需在各個名字后加若表示各自所有，則需在各個名字后加s，如：，如：These are Toms and Bobs rooms.3. 對無生命的所有格，通常用對無生命的所有格，通常用“of”構成短語。如：構成短語。如：

5、a map of China，a photo of my family4.有些表示長度、距離、時間、地點等無生命的名詞的所有有些表示長度、距離、時間、地點等無生命的名詞的所有格形式，也用格形式，也用s表示。如：表示。如：two hours walk, Beijings bridge,Dalians beaches5. 雙重所有格雙重所有格 : of+名詞所有格名詞所有格 或或 of + 名詞性的物主代詞名詞性的物主代詞 a friend of mine, an old photo of my fathers考點五考點五 名詞的句法功能名詞的句法功能 句子成分句子成分 主主 謂謂 賓賓 定定 狀

6、狀 補補 表表 同位語同位語名詞做主語的一個注意點名詞做主語的一個注意點主謂一致主謂一致1、當、當class, family, team, group, public 等集體名詞做主等集體名詞做主語時，如果看成一個整體，動詞就用單數(shù)；看成一個個具語時，如果看成一個整體，動詞就用單數(shù)；看成一個個具體成員時體成員時, 就用復數(shù)。就用復數(shù)。e.g Toms family _ rather big. Toms family _ film fans.2. news, maths, politics 表示單數(shù)意義，動詞用單數(shù)。表示單數(shù)意義，動詞用單數(shù)。 e.g The news makes her ver

7、y happy.3. chopsticks, shoes, glasses, trousers, shorts, pants, stocks,等表示復數(shù)含義的詞，動詞用復數(shù)。但用等表示復數(shù)含義的詞，動詞用復數(shù)。但用pair(s) of短語時，要和短語時，要和pair保持一致。保持一致。e.g The shorts hers. This pair of shorts _ hers. The two pairs of shorts _ hers, too.4.表示時間、距離表示時間、距離 、金額、度量、書名、國名等的數(shù)名詞，、金額、度量、書名、國名等的數(shù)名詞，看作整體，動詞用單數(shù)看作整體，動詞用單

8、數(shù) e.g Ten dollars _ too much to pay. Five minutes _ enough to do this.不同國籍人的單復數(shù)中日不變，英法變，其余s加后面Chinese Chinese Japanese- Japanese Englishman Englishmen Frenchman FrenchmenGerman- Germans American- AmericansCanadian Canadians Canadian- CanadianAustralian Australians Russian RussiansItalian Italians Gr

9、eek- Greeks練習：看看這節(jié)課的內容你掌握的怎樣練習：看看這節(jié)課的內容你掌握的怎樣?【例例1】Today is September 10th.Its_Day. A.Teachers B.Teachers C.the Teachers D.Teachers B【例例2】 Im afraid that there is no_ for you in my car,because there are already five people. A.land B.ground C.room D.floor C 【例例3】 These Germans want to have some_for s

10、upper,so they decide to catch_now. A.fish,many B.fishes,much C.fish,much D.fishes,many A【例例4】 I am thirsty.Would you bring me_,please? A.some bread B.some water C.some cakes D.some eggs B 【例例5】 Some_are flying kites near the river. A.child B.boy C.boys D.childs C【例例6】 Brian is so kind that he often

11、gives me a when Im in trouble. A.replyB.seat C.handD.reasonC【例例7】 Shall we go shopping now? Sorry. Its not the right _. Im too tired.Away Bweather Cplace Dmoment 【例例8】 - Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now? - Sorry, I know nothing about him. We are_. A. friends B. neigh

12、bors C. classmates D. strangers 【例例9】 - I have great _ in learning math and Im so worried. Could you help me? - Sure. Id be glad to. A. trouble B. interest C. joy D. funDDA1. Lucy and Lily_in the same class.A. am B. is C. are D. be2. Which is the _to the bus stop， please?A road B way C street D addr

13、ess3. Hurry up!There is_ time left.A little B a little C few D a few4. How many _can you see in the picture?A tomatos B tomatoes C tomato D the tomato5. -_is the meat. Please?-Ten yuan a kilo.A How much B How many C How old 6 The boys name is James Allen Green. So his given name is_.A James Allen B

14、Allen Green C James Green D Mr. Green7 Shanghai is one of the biggest_in our country.A city B citys C citys D cities8 Would you please pass me_A two paper B two papersC two pieces of paper D two pieces of papers9 September 10th is _Day.A Teacher B Teachers C Teachers D Teachers10 I only have_ bread

15、for lunch today.A a bit B a bit of C little D few11 What would you like, Ann? Id like two_.A glass of milk B glasses of milkC glass of milks D glasses of milks12 There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me?A any, some B any, any C some, some D some, any13 June 1st is_A Childrens day B childrens DayC Childrens Day D childrens day14 These