2021屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第三部分寫作專題提升篇層級一審題準(zhǔn)表達(dá)清第二講準(zhǔn)表達(dá)_把內(nèi)容表達(dá)清楚學(xué)案新人教版

1、第二講準(zhǔn)表達(dá)把內(nèi)容表達(dá)清楚寫作中一旦出現(xiàn)較多錯誤，會導(dǎo)致語意不清、表達(dá)不明，閱卷老師潛意識中會認(rèn)為該考生基本功較差、能力較弱，給閱卷老師留下不好的印象，作文有可能要比想象中的低一檔。寫作中考生常犯兩類錯誤：一是慣性錯誤，就是考生在不經(jīng)意間習(xí)慣性犯的錯誤，這類錯誤不但常犯而且還是閱卷老師比較敏感的錯誤，一旦出現(xiàn)這類錯誤，往往會被“放大”；另一類就是由于使用高級表達(dá)而導(dǎo)致的錯誤。(一)慣性錯誤要避免1動詞類錯誤動詞的種類有很多，從不同角度可分為實(shí)義動詞、系動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞，也可分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞等。(1)實(shí)義動詞又可分為及物動詞和不及物動詞。寫作中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤有：及物動詞后加了介詞；不

2、及物動詞后少了介詞。(2)系動詞be在寫作中非常活躍，但要用好be動詞卻不是一件容易的事。常見錯誤有：不及物動詞用be動詞構(gòu)成了被動語態(tài)；該含有be動詞的句子出現(xiàn)遺漏be動詞的情況。(3)助動詞和情態(tài)動詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語，寫作中常見錯誤主要是倒裝句中少用了助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。(4)謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的誤用是考生最易出錯的地方。需注意：謂語動詞作謂語，包括時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、虛擬語氣；非謂語動詞可作除謂語以外的其他成分。典例(2018年全國卷)你受學(xué)生會委托為校宣傳欄“英語天地”寫一則通知，請大家觀看一部英文短片growing together，內(nèi)容包括：1短片內(nèi)容：學(xué)校的發(fā)展；2放映時間、地點(diǎn)

3、；3歡迎對短片提出意見。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_病文修改以下是一位考生的習(xí)作，其中有5處錯誤，請找出并修改。boys and girls，may i have your attention, please? recently, an outstanding movie will be show in our campus. welcome to join us and enjoy it! here is some relevant details about it.to begin with, the name of the movie is growing

4、 together, which is about the development of our beloved school. it is believed that the movie will be not only meaningful but also interesting. besides, please note that it will be shown in the library from 200 to 400 in the afternoon on june 9th. whats more, every one of you will welcome to take p

5、art in it, enjoying the movie, have a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.hopefully, you will make it to our activity. i had the confidence that you will have a great time then.the students union第一段第二句中的show改為shown，一般將來時的被動語態(tài)為“will be過去分詞”。第一段第四句中的is改為are, here be.句型中，be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要

6、根據(jù)其后名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。第二段第四句中的welcome為形容詞，前面需加系動詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語，故應(yīng)在will后加be。第二段第四句中的have改為having，此處與enjoying和giving并列。第三段第二句中的had改為have，此處表示現(xiàn)在的狀況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。2并列連詞與從句引導(dǎo)詞類錯誤并列連詞與從句引導(dǎo)詞是考生容易出錯的地方，下面主要介紹常見的一些錯誤類型。(1)考生易受漢語干擾導(dǎo)致狀語從句中從屬連詞的重復(fù)使用。例如漢語中可以說“因?yàn)樗浴焙汀半m然但是”，但在英語中用一個連詞即可表示，用了though/although，就不能再用but；用了because，就不能再用so

7、，therefore等詞。(2)寫作中經(jīng)常用同位語從句給文章增添色彩，但是引導(dǎo)詞that的缺失卻令這種色彩暗淡了不少。(3)表語從句的一個易錯點(diǎn)是高級表達(dá)the reason why.was that.中that的誤用，考生容易誤用because。(4)非限制性定語從句中誤用that在作文中經(jīng)常會見到，用which表示人的狀況也是屢見不鮮。典例(2017年全國卷)假定你是李華。你所在的校乒乓球隊(duì)正在招收新隊(duì)員。請給你的留學(xué)生朋友eric寫封郵件邀請他加入，內(nèi)容包括：1球隊(duì)活動；2報(bào)名方式及截止日期。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_病文修改以下是一位考生的習(xí)作，其中有

8、5處錯誤，請找出并修改。dear eric，im writing to tell you the good news our schools table tennis team is looking for new members. since you are good at table tennis, so id like you to take this opportunity to join our school team. some details about the team are as follows.athletes from our school team have won

9、many gold medals of table tennis contests in recent years, of that we are very proud. guided by a professional coach team, and members of the team have regular training every friday afternoon from 330 pm. to 500 pm. when you feel like participating, you can send your information to pingpong. the dea

10、dline is july 20th.looking forward to your early reply.yours，li hua第一段第一句中的news后的句子為同位語從句，不能省略that，故news后加that。第一段第二句中的since引導(dǎo)狀語從句，逗號后應(yīng)為主句，so為多余的詞，應(yīng)去掉。第二段第一句中years后為非限制性定語從句，此處介詞后的引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用which，故that改為which。第二段第二句是一個簡單句，guided by a professional coach team為過去分詞短語作狀語，故and多余，應(yīng)去掉。第二段第三句為條件狀語從句，故引導(dǎo)詞when改為if

11、。(二)高級表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)低級錯誤太遺憾在閱卷中，閱卷老師常為這樣一類卷搖頭嘆息，無論是從要點(diǎn)的呈現(xiàn)、表達(dá)的優(yōu)美還是銜接的順暢等方面來看該類卷都近乎完美，應(yīng)該給高分甚至滿分，但偏偏有幾處瑕疵給本應(yīng)完美的習(xí)作徒添了些許不和諧的音符，甚至有點(diǎn)刺眼，從而影響了閱卷老師的好心情。閱卷老師為了穩(wěn)妥起見，在閱卷中盡量避免爭議卷的出現(xiàn)，會“惋惜”地扣掉一些分?jǐn)?shù)。因“低級錯誤”而影響高級得分，豈不遺憾！典例(全國卷)假定你是李華，計(jì)劃和同學(xué)去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人們過重陽節(jié)(the double ninth festival)。請給外教露西寫封郵件，邀她一同前往，內(nèi)容包括：1出發(fā)及返回時間；2活

12、動：包餃子、表演節(jié)目等。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_病文修改以下是一位考生的習(xí)作，其中有6處錯誤，請找出并修改。dear lucy，im writing to tell you that well go to the local nursing home next saturday for the double ninth festival, that is the day for us to show respect for the elderly. im wondering if or not you would like to go with us.as

13、you know it, warmth and care is elderly people need. so besides tasty dumplings and cakes, we decide to organize some wonderful singing and dancing programs for them, i believe it will make them happy. we should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon.if you will be able to join us, please let us k

14、now and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.looking forward to your reply.yours，li hua第一段第一句的非限制性定語從句，不能用that引導(dǎo)，故第二個that改為which。第一段第二句中的if or not為錯誤搭配，與or not連用只能用whether，故把if改成whether。第二段第一句中存在兩處語法錯誤：as you know it中as引導(dǎo)定語從句且充當(dāng)了從句的賓語，故it多余，應(yīng)刪除；elderly people need為表語從句，從句中缺少賓語，故應(yīng)

15、在is后加上連接代詞what，來引導(dǎo)該從句。第二段第二句缺少關(guān)聯(lián)詞，逗號不能連接兩個句子，故應(yīng)將i believe it改為which i believe, which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，注意此處i believe為插入語。第三段第一句是條件狀語從句，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，故將if you will be改為if you are。即學(xué)即練下面兩篇習(xí)作中都運(yùn)用了一些高級句式，而且都出現(xiàn)了5處錯誤，請找出其中的錯誤并加以改正。a(2019屆臨川九校聯(lián)考)假定你是李華，你的外國筆友peter打算七月來中國，特來信了解中國人的社交習(xí)俗。請你用英語給他回一封信，從以下幾個方面作具體介紹：1見面時的問候

16、方式；2對贊美的回答方式；3接收禮物時的回應(yīng)方式；4餐宴禮節(jié)。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3信的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。dear peter，glad to hear from you and youre welcome to china in july._yours sincerely，li hua學(xué)生習(xí)作dear peter，glad to hear from you and youre welcome to china in july. im greatly willing to introduce some significant chines

17、e customs to you.firstly, we greet each other by say “hello” or asking such questions as “where are you going？”or “are you busy these days？” to express our care. secondly, when praising, we reply with “oh, no！” or “im overpraised.” to show good manners. additionally, when receiving a gift, we usuall

18、y say “its unnecessary.” as well as “thanks.” to show politeness and then put it away. finally, at dinner parties, we talk happy and drink to someones health or success to show that were warm.anyhow, different cultures, different customs. if you do like the romans do when in rome, youll enjoy more o

19、f your stay here.i hope whats mentioned above might be help and wish you a good journey.yours sincerely，li hua我來糾錯第三句：saysaying第四句：praisingpraised第六句：happyhappily第八句：likeas第九句：helphelpfulb(2019屆安徽省安慶市二模)假定你是李華，你的家鄉(xiāng)將舉行慶祝首個“中國農(nóng)民豐收節(jié)(chinese farmers harvest festival)”活動，請你寫封郵件，邀請你的新西蘭朋友eric來參加，內(nèi)容包括：1活動的時間和地點(diǎn)；2活動內(nèi)容(民俗文化表演、美食品嘗及觀光活動等)。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_學(xué)生習(xí)作dear eric，how is everything going？i am writing to invite you to participate in the celebrations of the first chinese farmers harvest f