高三英語暑期培訓(xùn)

1、第一課時(shí)第一課時(shí)一、重點(diǎn)單詞recommend （及物動詞）推薦，介紹；勸告;建議 sth to sb 向某人推薦； sb as 推薦某人為 doing sth ; sb to do +that 從句：建議（從句用虛擬語氣）即should+動詞原形，should可以省略。consist (不及物動詞） 由組成 of =be made up of 由組成，此時(shí)主動代表被動 in 原因在于 with 與一致eg. A group is a team ( consisting of ) 8 people.二、重點(diǎn)詞組/句型“沉迷于”的表達(dá)方式be lost in =be absorbed in =b

2、e buried in=apply oneself to=bury oneself in=be abondoned to=abandon oneself to=addic oneself to=be addicted toHave/Get的用法1、have/get sth done2、have sb do=get sb to do 讓某人做某事3、have sb doing 肯定句:讓某人一直干某事 否定句：容忍三、重點(diǎn)語法高中英語語法之時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)一、動詞時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.主要表示現(xiàn)在的特征、狀態(tài)、經(jīng)常性動作或客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理等。2.用在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從

3、句中，表示將來。3.少數(shù)表示動作起止的動詞有時(shí)也可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，表示一個(gè)按計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表安排的活動。 I play ping pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year. If it rains tomorrow, will you still go？ The plane for Canada leaves at 9：15.（二）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.表示說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2.go，come，leave，start，stay等少數(shù)表示來、去、開始、離開等意義的動詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí)。Were

4、 moving to the new building next week.（三）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的兩種意義：表示動作發(fā)生于過去，對現(xiàn)在有一定的影響或結(jié)果。表示動作或狀態(tài)過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且可能繼續(xù)下去。2.常和for+一段時(shí)間, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)等連用。如：since then3.在It is the first/ second time that句型中，that從句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。4.It/ This is the best(worst, most interesting等)+名詞+從句，結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。He has lived in this co

5、untry for 40 years. It is the first time that I have been here.this is the best present I have gotten.將來時(shí)態(tài)will (shall)do1單純的將來。(will 還可表示說話人認(rèn)為、相信、希望或假定要發(fā)生的事，不含任何具體時(shí)間)2說話時(shí)臨時(shí)的決定。I will be 17 next month.Sorry, I forgot to post your letter.It doesnt matter. I will go and post it myself.be going todo1. 按

6、照計(jì)劃打算做(即說話時(shí)早已有的打算)。2根據(jù)客觀跡象預(yù)示著(一般指天氣）。Ann is in hospital. Yes, I know. Im going to visit her tomorrow.Look at the clouds. It is going to rain.1. 表示按計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事或表示命令、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、要求等。 2可以用于條件句，表示“想，想要做。”The president is to visit the school next week.You are to do your homework before you watch TV. (相當(dāng)于should, ou

7、ght to)If you are to pass the exams, you will have to study harder from now on.be about todo (不與具體時(shí)間連用；不表示按照計(jì)劃發(fā)生的事情）表示即將發(fā)生的動作，意為：正要，馬上。后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語。常與when 連用， 構(gòu)成句型“be about to do when ”(正要做這時(shí)) eg. we were about to leave my home when Tom come in.過去時(shí)態(tài)(一)一般過去時(shí)1.主要表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的情況或動作(包括過去習(xí)慣性的動作)。所表達(dá)的事件與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。2.

8、在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來的動作。Sorry. I didnt know you were here.If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it rained all day. （二）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.表示過去某一時(shí)間正進(jìn)行的動作 。 Mary was making a dress when she cut her finger.2.wonder, hop , think, want 等表示心理的動詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示婉轉(zhuǎn)的語氣。I was wondering if you c

9、ould tell me how to fill out this form.3.go，come，leave，start，stay等少數(shù)表示來、去、開始、離開等意義的動詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排好的過去某個(gè)時(shí)間將要進(jìn)行的動作。Mr. Smith said he was leaving for London soon.（三）過去完成時(shí)1.表示某一動作或存在的狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)間或動作之前，即“過去的過去”。4.用在hardlywhen，no soonerthan，It was the first (second, etc.) time (that)等固定句型中。hardly/sc

10、arely had donewhen didno soonerhad done than did譯為：剛一就eg.hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.二、被動語態(tài) 、動詞的語態(tài)反映主語與謂語動詞之間的一種關(guān)系。動詞的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be 過去分詞”構(gòu)成，不同的時(shí)態(tài)通過 be 的不同形式體現(xiàn)。 、被動語態(tài)的否定式是在第一個(gè)助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加notTrees should not be planted in summer.1、“get 過去分詞”可以表示被動，此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。如： g

11、et married； get changed. 2、漢語有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如：its said/reported/believed. 據(jù)說；據(jù)報(bào)道；我相信 do 現(xiàn)在its said that=sb be said to be doing 正在 have done 過去eg.The flu is believed ( to be caused ) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. 現(xiàn)在eg.AIDS is said (to have

12、 been) the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. 過去3、不及物動詞及短語沒有被動語態(tài)，如：happen, take place, last, break out, come about, come out等。4、系動詞look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep等都沒有被動語態(tài)。5、感官動詞和使役動詞

13、（make/let/help/have)跟不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，主動句中省略to, 被動句中還原加上to.eg.make do be made to do sth6、表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞不需用被動語態(tài)。如read, write, act, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, open, lock, shut, dry, start。這類動詞一般不單獨(dú)使用，常用一個(gè)修飾語。如：The door wont lock. 這門鎖不上。The engine wont start. 引擎發(fā)動不起來。The cloth washes well. 這布很耐洗。鞏固練習(xí).1、 Beca

14、use farmland _quickly, the government is considering solving the problem. A. is being lost B. is lost C. is losing D. loses2. We _ our new neighbors yet, so we dont know their names. A. dont meet B. wont meet C. havent met D. hadnt met3. With the development of science, more new technology _ to the

15、field of IT.A. has introduced B. is being introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced4、. - Do you know our town at all? - No, this is the first time I here. A. was B. am going C. came D. have been5、. Mr. James _ a city bus for 20 years. Now he has retired. A. was driving B. drove C. has driven D.

16、had driven6、The pen I _ I _ is on my desk, right under my nose.A. think; lost B. thought; had lost C. think; had lost D. thought; have lost7. - I will come back tomorrow. - If only you _ yesterday.A. have comeB. had come C. came D. would come8. I dont know if he _. If he _, Ill let you know.A. will

17、come; comes B. comes; will come C. comes; comes D. will come; will come9. She _ law the moment she has finished mid-school. A. is to study B. is about to study C. will be studying D. will have studied 10. The door . Better have it repaired.A. isnt shut B. hasnt been shut C. wont be shut D. wont shut

18、 第二課時(shí)第二課時(shí)一、重點(diǎn)單詞case 名詞：事例；案例1、case 被定語從句修飾，其后的先行詞有where/that、which 兩種形式，關(guān)鍵看從句缺少的成分。2、 in any case 無論如何 in no case 決不（置于句首，半倒裝) in this/that case 既然是這、那樣的話表示“決不”in no case=in no way=at no time=by no means=in no way二、重點(diǎn)詞組、句型1、值得干某事be worth doing sthbe worthy to be donebe worthy of being doneits worthw

19、hile to do/ doing stheg.this book is worth reading.三、重點(diǎn)語法1、就遠(yuǎn)一致rather than/ more than/ beyond/ but/ exceptas while as/ 以及with 的詞語eg.along with/ together with2、就近一致there be句型、not onlybut also、eitheror 、neithernor3、語法專題：非謂語動詞（一）動詞不定式1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： 一般式：to do (to be done) 進(jìn)行式：to be doing (表示正在發(fā)生的動作） 完成式：to have

20、 done (表示該動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前） 否定式：not + to do2. 注意： 1) 不帶to的動詞不定式常用于： (1) 使役動詞let, make, have之后或感官動詞feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, look at, notice, observe等后面，但在被動語態(tài)中須還原to。 (2) would rather, had better, why (not), may /might as well, cant help but等后面用不帶to的動詞不定式。 (3) 當(dāng)主語中是或含all, what等引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，且有do或其其它時(shí)態(tài)

21、形式，后作表語的不定式常省略to。2) 為了避免重復(fù)，可以省略不定式后的內(nèi)容但保留不定式符號to，但當(dāng)結(jié)構(gòu)中含有be，have，have been時(shí)則不可省略。3) 不定式與疑問詞連用, 在句中起名詞作用,可充當(dāng)主語,表語, 賓語等。eg.Do you want to eat lunch?-No,I dont want to.eg.what to do? how to do?（二）動名詞1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：一般式：doing, being done(被動式)完成式：having done, having been done(被動式)否定式：not + doing2. 作用(成份)：主語、賓語（動詞、介

22、詞賓語）、定語（表功能、類別）、表語3. 注意：1) 只跟v-ing作賓語的常見動詞有：admit, appreciate, avoid, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, quit, suggest, understand, be worth, stand, give up, feel like, insist on, succeed in, set about等。2) 下列動詞跟v-ing作賓語；但如果已有n. / pron.作賓語時(shí)，后則跟to do結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：advise,

23、allow, consider, forbid, permit, recommend等。3) 下列動詞可跟v-ing或to do結(jié)構(gòu)，但意義上有區(qū)別： forget / remember: + doing (忘記/記得已做過) ；+ to do（還未做） go on: + doing（繼續(xù)同一件事）；+ to do （繼續(xù)另一件事） cant help: + doing（禁不?。?；+ (to) do（不能幫助） mean: + doing（意味著）；+ to do（打算、故意做） regret: + doing（后悔做了）；+ to say / tell / inform（遺憾告知） stop

24、: + doing（停止做）；+ to do（停下來做另一件事） try: + doing（嘗試）；+ to do（盡力做）4) “to”在下列詞組中為介詞，故須跟v-ing: be used to / be accustomed to, pay attention to, look forward to, lead to, contributeto, devote / dedicate(獻(xiàn)身、專注）to, object to, be opposed to, get down to（著手), be equal to（勝任）, 等。5) 物+ need, require, want（需要）/ d

25、eserve（值得）：+ v.ing（主動表被動）/ to be done皆可。6) It is no use / good, not any use / good, useless：+ doing（三）分詞1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：一般式：doing (現(xiàn)在分詞：表示主動、進(jìn)行) done (過去分詞：表示被動、完成) 完成式：having done / having been done（表示該動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前） 否定式：not + 分詞2) 狀語：表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式和伴隨等。(1) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語與主句主語不一致時(shí)，分詞須有自己的主語，即：主語 + 分詞，等同于

26、一個(gè)狀語從句。eg.he being ill,wed better take him hospital.the bus being late/there being no bus ,we had to walk home.weather permitting,well go shoping tomorrow.(2) with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，作伴隨狀語，即： doing (與賓語主動關(guān)系) with + 賓語 + done (與賓語被動關(guān)系) to do / to be done (表將來)鞏固練習(xí)：4. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-e

27、lected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled7. We have no idea about _ next. A. how doing B. what doing C. what to do D. to do12. Who will you get _ the project for us? A. design B. to design C. designed D. designing4. It is no good _ todays work for t

28、omorrow. A. to leave B. leaving C. that you leave D. leave5. You will soon get used to _ a large breakfast in England. A. eat B. that you eat C. eating D. you eat 23. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed1. The

29、 houses _ by the workers now will be completed next week. A. built B. being builtC. to be built D. having been building9. The watch _ last night was found _ under the bed. A. losing; lying B. lost; lying C. lost; lain D. losing; laid10. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ he g

30、ladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished11. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face第三課時(shí)：第三課時(shí)：一、重點(diǎn)單詞agree 不及物動詞，同意 with sb/ones opinions 可表示天氣，食物適合； on的主語是we； to+計(jì)劃、安排、建議； to do sth沒有 sb to do sth;reac

31、h=come to=arrive at an agreement;in ment on/upon/with/about關(guān)于意見一致equal 形容詞：平等的；名詞形式equalitybe to 與相等be to doing sth 勝任做某事類似：be used/accustomed to doingpay attention to doingrequire 動詞：需要 sb to do sth= sth of sb that+從句：虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形） doing= sth to be done主動代表被動類似：allow doing被允許 consist of=be made

32、 up ofbe lacking in 缺乏 （品質(zhì)，特點(diǎn)）拓展：lack 缺乏，沒有 lacking 形容詞 匱乏，不足 作為名詞：常接of ； 作為動詞 ：本身為及物動詞，在否定句中為不及物動詞，后跟for. lack for 缺少 no lack of 不缺乏 for/through lack of 因缺乏二、重點(diǎn)詞組、句型1、倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式倍數(shù)+adj/dav+than of倍數(shù)+as+adj/adv+as倍數(shù)+the size(length/height/width.) of倍數(shù)+what 從句倍數(shù)+than ofeg.the size of the earth is 49 time

33、s ( than ) of the moon.eg.the new building is four times ( the size ) of the old one.ex. they have producted_ they did last year.twice as much grain as2、on the one hand ,on the other (hand) 一方面，另一方面拓展：for one thing ,for anither thing one. the other 一個(gè)，另一個(gè) some.others 一些，另一些 on the contrary 恰恰相反三、語法一

34、、同位語從句1、同位語從句要用陳述語氣；eg.the reason why he was late is that he was ill.2、引導(dǎo)詞一般為副詞how,where,why,when且他們在句中起連詞作用，同時(shí)充當(dāng)成分，一般為狀語eg.The ship arrived early in the morning when the sky was still dark(when/which) Did they tell you the reason why they wanted you to do that?(why/when) I dont understand the reaso

35、n why he told a lie to his boss.(which/why)Xiaoming went to the music shop where he bought a violin.(where/when)定語從句 Is that the hospital where you had your operation?(where/which)定語從句二、定語從句1、引導(dǎo)詞常用that/which,有時(shí)也可省略不寫，what不引導(dǎo)定語從句。2、由于后面跟的是一個(gè)句子，it不能作為連詞使用，故引導(dǎo)詞不用iteg.I cant answer the question ( why )s

36、ea-water is salty（名詞性從句，同位語成分，why充當(dāng)成分，原因狀語）eg.I cant answer the question ( that/which或者不填 )my daughter asked yesterdayeg.this is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen.eg.Whats the name of the resaurant where you had lunch?定語從句中，where=介詞+which一）在下列情況下引導(dǎo)詞只用that不用which1、先行詞有序數(shù)詞（first，second

37、）或形容詞的最高級修飾的時(shí)候，或者先行詞本身就是形容詞或形容詞的最高級，此時(shí)用that不用which。eg.this is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.2、先行詞是不定代詞的時(shí)候，如all,little,few,much,something,nothing,none.eg.He did everything that he could to help us.有人疑問為什么could后面加to?3、先行詞被不定代詞、the only/very、last、just修飾的時(shí)候eg.This is the very book that

38、 I am looking for.4、先行詞即有人又有物時(shí)eg.Do you know the things and the person that they are talking about.5、當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時(shí)eg.Who is the boy that won the gold medal?6、當(dāng)先行詞在主句中做表語，而關(guān)系代詞即引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作表語時(shí)(非常重要）eg.Shanghai is no longer the city that it used be.分析：is為be動詞，be動詞+名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，the city是主句的表語，后面一句話實(shí)際上就是

39、it used be that，that在be后面作表語，符合特征形式。二、下列情況下引導(dǎo)詞只用which不用that。1、關(guān)系代詞前有介詞eg.The poor man has no house in which he can live.分析：根據(jù)短語live in house確定介詞in。2、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面一句話eg.He told her nothing ,which upset her.分析：引導(dǎo)詞指代前面一句話，而且逗號也是做題依據(jù)。3、當(dāng)先行詞本身是that時(shí)eg.Whats that which flashed in the sky just now.4、當(dāng)關(guān)系代

40、詞后面有插入語時(shí)eg.Here is the English grammer book which ,as Ive told you,will help you improve your English.什么是插入語？eg.I feel/think/believe.n46. We should read such books _ will make us better and wiser.nA. whenB. asC. whoseD. whatn47. You must show my wife the same respect _ you show me.nA. whenB. asC. wh

41、oseD. whatn48. He is absent _ is often the case.nA. whatB. whichC. whoD. asn49. It is the first time _ I have come to your city.nA. thatB. whichC. whatD. whenn50. Who _ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.nA. whoB. thatC. whomD. whichn51. I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the

42、country with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.nA. that, whichB. when, whichC. which, thatD. when, whon52. This is the only book _ I can find.nA. thatB. whichC. itD. with whichn53. I dont like _ you speak to her.nA. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of whichn54. That is

43、one of those books that _ worth reading.nA. isB. areC. has D. haven55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting _ the best.nA. isB. areC. has D. haven56. There was _ to prevent the accident.nA. something could doB. anything we could donC. nothing we couldnt doD. nothing we could do第四課時(shí)

44、：第四課時(shí)：n一、單詞nreputation 名詞：聲望nhave a good/bad 名譽(yù)好壞nhave a for sth=have the of因而出名 live up to ones 久負(fù)盛名 of great/good/high 享有盛名的naccess 名詞：機(jī)會；形容詞：accessible可以接近的、可以利用的nbe easy/hard/difficult of 容易、難接近 give to 接見 have/gain/get/obtain to使用；接近；可以利用禁止做某事stop、prevent sb from doing sthdiscourage sb from doi

45、ngforbid doing sth forbid sb to dokeep sb from doing其中from不能省略n二、重點(diǎn)詞組n get的短語：n get over 克服 get through 接通；完成；通過 get across 使理解 get in 收割get away with 逃脫 get around 消息傳開；走動ngo短語n against/off/over/by/without/ for/out 反對、爆炸、復(fù)習(xí)、經(jīng)過、沒有什么也行、贊成、熄滅n through 遭受，經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)查看；完成三、way的知識點(diǎn)1、關(guān)于way 的短語on the way to 在的路

46、上by the way 順便問一下by way of 經(jīng)過in no way 決不no way 沒門in the way 擋路make ones way 前進(jìn)in a way 在某種程度上2、way作方式、方法講時(shí)，其后的定語有三種形式動詞不定式thats not the right way to hold a pair of scissors.of + 動名詞Im not happy with this way of working.定語從句the way 作先行詞，其后引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能用that、in whicheg the way that/in which you write thi

47、s word is very good .(that可以省略）練習(xí)：what surprised all the other students was not what he said but ( ) he said it.A.the way B.in the way thatC.in the way D.the way which四、語法專題：倒 裝1. 完全倒裝：即將謂語動詞的全部置于主語之前。常見用法：1) 當(dāng) here, there, in, out, up, down, on 等副詞置于句首，且主語為名詞時(shí)；eg.here comes the bus.(he 不行）鈴響了2) 將表示