人教必修3 unit1-language_points

1、Festivals around the worldLanguage points1. Festival are meant to celebrate important times of year. 節(jié)日就是慶祝一年中重要的日子。節(jié)日就是慶祝一年中重要的日子。 mean 的用法的用法 mean adj. 卑鄙的，自私的卑鄙的，自私的 means n.方式，方法，手段，工具方式，方法，手段，工具（單復(fù)數(shù)同形）（單復(fù)數(shù)同形） A car is a means of transport.meaning n. 意思，意義，含義意思，意義，含義meaningful adj. 富有意義的，意味深長(zhǎng)的富有

2、意義的，意味深長(zhǎng)的meaningless adj. 無(wú)意義的，無(wú)目的的無(wú)意義的，無(wú)目的的mean to do意欲做意欲做 be meant to do What do you mean to do with it?mean sb to do 打算讓某人干打算讓某人干Festivals are meant to celebrate important events.mean doing意味著做意味著做Missing the bus means waiting for another one hour.I didnt mean him to help me.mean sth for 打算把用作打算

3、把用作I mean the room for my bedroom.had meant to 本來(lái)打算做本來(lái)打算做I had meant to do English exercises first.-You should have thanked her before you left.-I meant _, but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere.A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing soB想一想想一想Our school sports meeting will take place next week

4、.Great changeds have taken places in China during the past 20 years.2.take place發(fā)生，舉行發(fā)生，舉行 take ones place 就位就位take the place of =replace代替代替英語(yǔ)中表示英語(yǔ)中表示“發(fā)生發(fā)生”的詞或短語(yǔ)均為不及物，不的詞或短語(yǔ)均為不及物，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為所發(fā)生的事。用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為所發(fā)生的事。例如：例如：take place, happen, occur, come about, break outGreat changes _ in the rural area

5、s in the last two decades.A. are happening B. have taken placeC. took place D. have been taken place B take place 不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，句中，句中短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) in the last two decades 可確定句子可確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。take place與與happentake place：發(fā)生：發(fā)生,舉行；側(cè)重安排或計(jì)劃舉行；側(cè)重安排或計(jì)劃而發(fā)生的事，帶有而發(fā)生的事，帶有“非偶然非偶然”的意思。的意思。 The Olympic Gam

6、es take place every four years. happen：常指客觀事物或情況偶然、不：常指客觀事物或情況偶然、不可預(yù)料地發(fā)生。（可預(yù)料地發(fā)生。（happen to 碰巧發(fā)生碰巧發(fā)生） The fire happened at midnight. I happened to meet Ann today.與與place相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：相關(guān)短語(yǔ)： in the first place （用于列舉理由）首先（用于列舉理由）首先 in the last place 最后最后 in place of 代替，用代替，用而不用而不用 take ones place 找某人接替某人的位置找某人接

7、替某人的位置3. celebrate vt.(1) 慶祝；祝賀慶祝；祝賀celebrate Christmas / ones birthday / a victory(2) 贊揚(yáng)；稱頌贊揚(yáng)；稱頌The names of heroes are celebrated by the poets.celebration n. 慶祝，祝賀慶祝，祝賀celebrity n.名聲，名人名聲，名人詞語(yǔ)辨析：詞語(yǔ)辨析：celebrate, congratulatecelebrate后常接日期后常接日期,事情或場(chǎng)合事情或場(chǎng)合congratulate后常接人后常接人表示為某事而祝賀某人表示為某事而祝賀某人congr

8、atulate sb. on/upon sth. eg：congratulate you on your marriage. 有時(shí)還表示私自慶幸的意思。有時(shí)還表示私自慶幸的意思。eg：I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished. 4. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere. all kinds of 各種各樣的各種各樣的the same kind of 相同種類的相同種類的different kinds of 不同種類的不同種類的th

9、is/that kind of 這（那）種這（那）種a kind of 某種某種 我們賣各式各樣的鞋。我們賣各式各樣的鞋。 We sell all kinds of shoes. = We sell shoes of all kinds. 那類問(wèn)題是很難解答的。那類問(wèn)題是很難解答的。 That kind of questions is very difficult to answer.= Questions of that kind are difficult to answer.5. starve v. 1）挨餓；餓死）挨餓；餓死Millions of people starved to d

10、eath during the war. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中數(shù)百萬(wàn)人挨餓至死。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中數(shù)百萬(wàn)人挨餓至死。2）starve for sth=be starved of sth =long for渴望得到渴望得到e.g.這些無(wú)家可歸的孩子渴望得到愛(ài)。這些無(wú)家可歸的孩子渴望得到愛(ài)。 The homeless children starved for/were starved of love. 3）感覺(jué)很餓（僅用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）感覺(jué)很餓（僅用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)） When will dinner be ready ? Im starving.晚飯什么時(shí)候做好？我快餓死了。晚飯什么時(shí)候做好？我快餓死了。6. honourn. 1

11、) 光榮，榮譽(yù)光榮，榮譽(yù)e.g.他們?yōu)榱藝?guó)家的榮譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。他們?yōu)榱藝?guó)家的榮譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。 They fight for the honour of the country. 2) in honour of 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念；向；向表示敬意表示敬意e.g.這個(gè)節(jié)日是為了紀(jì)念英雄而確立的。這個(gè)節(jié)日是為了紀(jì)念英雄而確立的。 A festival is set in honour of the hero. 3) an hounour 光榮的人或事情光榮的人或事情e.g.劉翔是我國(guó)的光榮人物。劉翔是我國(guó)的光榮人物。 Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.vt. 4) 尊敬尊敬,給以

12、榮譽(yù)給以榮譽(yù)e.g.孩子們應(yīng)該尊敬父母。孩子們應(yīng)該尊敬父母。 Children should honour their parents.7. or satisfy the ancestors , who could return either to help or to do harm.1)do harm to sb/sth. =harm sbsth. 傷害傷害e.g.在陽(yáng)光下看書會(huì)傷害我們的眼睛。在陽(yáng)光下看書會(huì)傷害我們的眼睛。 Reading in the sun does harm to eyes.2) satisfy vt. 滿足滿足,使使?jié)M意滿意; satisfied a. satis

13、fying a. satisfaction n. satisfactory a. satisfactorily ad. 感到滿意的感到滿意的; ;令人愉快的令人愉快的滿意滿意;令人滿意的令人滿意的滿意地滿意地辨析辨析 satisfactory, satisfied, satisfyingsatisfactory, 指客觀的事物或主觀的表現(xiàn)達(dá)到要求而令指客觀的事物或主觀的表現(xiàn)達(dá)到要求而令人滿意人滿意, 主語(yǔ)一般用客體。主語(yǔ)一般用客體。satisfied指主體對(duì)事物或表現(xiàn)感到滿意指主體對(duì)事物或表現(xiàn)感到滿意, 主語(yǔ)是主體主語(yǔ)是主體(人人) She is satisfied with the serv

14、ice. satisfying: giving pleasure令人愉快令人愉快, 主語(yǔ)是不定式主語(yǔ)是不定式, 常用于句型常用于句型: Its satisfying to do sth. 做做.使人滿意如使人滿意如:Its satisfying to learn the success of his son in job-hunting.得知兒子找到工得知兒子找到工作作,令他非常高興。令他非常高興。be satisfied with sb/sth 對(duì)對(duì).滿意滿意be satisfied to do sth 對(duì)做對(duì)做.感到滿意感到滿意to ones satisfaction 使某人滿意的是使某人

15、滿意的是.for from satisfactory 遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意 Im satisfied with what he did. To my satisfaction, he passed the exam. Are you _ to hear the _news? Yes, Im _ with the news. That is to say, the news _me . What about you? Are you _ _ the news?satisfiedsatisfyingsatisfiedsatisfiessatisfiedwith hurt, injure, ha

16、rm, damage, wound的的 區(qū)別與用法區(qū)別與用法 1)hurt 普通用語(yǔ)，既可指肉體上的傷害普通用語(yǔ)，既可指肉體上的傷害, 也可精神上也可精神上, 感情上的傷害。感情上的傷害。如如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident. 那位女孩在那次事故中傷得很重。那位女孩在那次事故中傷得很重。 2)injure比比hurt正式正式, hurt多指?jìng)炊嘀競(jìng)? 而而injure則指損害健康則指損害健康, 成就成就, 容貌容貌等等,強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失。強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失。如如:He injured his hand while playing baske

17、tball. 他在打籃球時(shí)手受了傷。他在打籃球時(shí)手受了傷。 3)damage主要指對(duì)于物的損害主要指對(duì)于物的損害,強(qiáng)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)于價(jià)值、用途、外觀等所造成的調(diào)對(duì)于價(jià)值、用途、外觀等所造成的損失損失, 這種損失或因自然災(zāi)害所致這種損失或因自然災(zāi)害所致, 或或因人為造成。如：因人為造成。如： Several cars were damaged in the accident. 好幾輛汽車在事故中損壞了。好幾輛汽車在事故中損壞了。 4) wound 指槍傷指槍傷, 刀傷刀傷, 刺傷等皮刺傷等皮肉之傷肉之傷, 是出血的是出血的, 嚴(yán)重的傷嚴(yán)重的傷, 特指戰(zhàn)特指戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受傷場(chǎng)上受傷, 它可以指肉體上的傷害它可以

18、指肉體上的傷害, 也也可指人們精神上的創(chuàng)傷。如可指人們精神上的創(chuàng)傷。如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子彈打傷了他的左腿。子彈打傷了他的左腿。5) harm用于肉體或精神上的傷害均用于肉體或精神上的傷害均可可,有時(shí)可指引起不安或不便有時(shí)可指引起不安或不便,還可還可用于抽象事物用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的尤其是指不道德的事情。事情。如如:Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的燈光下看書不要在昏暗的燈光下看書, 以免以免損害眼睛。損害眼睛。8. in memory of : 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念,作為作為的

19、紀(jì)念的紀(jì)念 = to the memory of sb The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.類似短語(yǔ)有：類似短語(yǔ)有：in honor of 為了紀(jì)念為了紀(jì)念 in favor of 有利于，支持，贊成有利于，支持，贊成in charge of 主管負(fù)責(zé)主管負(fù)責(zé) in need of 需要需要時(shí)時(shí)in search of 尋找，搜尋尋找，搜尋9. because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. lead sb. to + n. _ le

20、ad sb to do sth. _lead to + n. _ e.g. 1) This street_. 你沿這條街走就可以到達(dá)車站。你沿這條街走就可以到達(dá)車站。2) What _it? 什么使你相信它？什么使你相信它？3)_. 條條大路通羅馬（殊途同歸）條條大路通羅馬（殊途同歸）4)_. 勤奮就能成功，而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。勤奮就能成功，而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。 帶領(lǐng)某人通往帶領(lǐng)某人通往/到到使使做做引領(lǐng)，通向；導(dǎo)致，招致引領(lǐng)，通向；導(dǎo)致，招致leads you to the stationled you to believeAll roads lead to RomeHard work leads

21、to success,while laziness leads to failure10. feast : (1) n. 盛宴盛宴,宴會(huì)宴會(huì),節(jié)日節(jié)日,享受享受, eg. a wedding feast Spring Festival is an important feast to us. The evening was really a feast for music lovers. (2) vt.宴請(qǐng)宴請(qǐng),款待款待 feast sb (with /on sth) : (用用.)款待款待. He feasted his friend with fish. (3) 使使(耳目耳目)享受，享受

22、， feast ones eyes on . 盡情享受，大飽眼福盡情享受，大飽眼福eg. Theyre feasting their eyes on the beautiful scenery in the countryside.vi. 盡情地吃盡情地吃. feast (on sth) eg. We feasted on the best food and drink.11.They offer food, flowers and gift. offer, provide, supply offer ：主動(dòng)提供。：主動(dòng)提供。offer sth to sb; offer sb sth prov

23、ide：供給（所需物，尤指生活必需品）。：供給（所需物，尤指生活必需品）。 provide sth (for sb); provide sb with sth. supply: 供應(yīng)（所需要或所要求之物）。供應(yīng)（所需要或所要求之物）。 supply sth to/for sb; supply sb with sth When I meet difficulty, my roommates will_me help. 他們懸賞找回丟失的珠寶。他們懸賞找回丟失的珠寶。 They_a reward for the return of the lost jewels. 政府得提供這些老人們吃穿。政府得

24、提供這些老人們吃穿。 The government need to_these old people with food and clothes. 每個(gè)月都得供應(yīng)足夠的電。每個(gè)月都得供應(yīng)足夠的電。 Electricity should be _enough every month. offerofferedprovidesupplied12. dress vt. (+sb./oneself) “給給穿衣穿衣服服”。e.g. 喚醒孩子喚醒孩子,給他們穿上衣服。給他們穿上衣服。 Wake up children and dress them. get dressed 穿衣服穿衣服 be dress

25、ed in+衣服衣服/顏色顏色 “穿著穿著” = be in+衣服衣服/顏色顏色e.g. 這個(gè)女孩穿著一身紅衣服。這個(gè)女孩穿著一身紅衣服。 The girl was dressed in red. (1). _in red, she looks more beautiful. A. Dressing B. Dressed C. Wearing D. Worn (2). Little girls like _beautiful clothes. A. to dress up in B dressing up in C. to dress up in D. dressing up 13. tric

26、k : n. 詭計(jì)，惡作劇，竅門詭計(jì)，惡作劇，竅門 vt / vi 欺騙欺騙 the tricks of learning English play tricks/a trick on sb 搞惡作劇，詐騙，開玩笑搞惡作劇，詐騙，開玩笑 trick sb into (doing) sth. 誘使某人誘使某人(做做)某事某事 He tricked me into giving him money. sb out of sth 從某人處騙走某物從某人處騙走某物14. gain vt. & vi. 獲得；贏得獲得；贏得 (1)I have _ since I arrived. 我到這里以后，結(jié)識(shí)了很

27、多朋友。我到這里以后，結(jié)識(shí)了很多朋友。(2)He had _ and looked much better.他體重增加他體重增加，臉色好看多了。，臉色好看多了。 gained a lot of friendsgained weightn. 收獲收獲(1)No _， no _. 不勞無(wú)獲。不勞無(wú)獲。(2)_ into the pit, _ in your wit.吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。 painsgainsA falla gain15. award n. 獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，獎(jiǎng)金獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，獎(jiǎng)金, 助學(xué)金助學(xué)金 Mary got an award and was able to finish

28、her study.vt. 授予授予；裁定；裁定 award sb. sth./sth. to sb. 授予某人某物授予某人某物 win/receive/get an award for 因因而獲獎(jiǎng)而獲獎(jiǎng)(1)They _ John the first prize.他們授予約翰一等獎(jiǎng)他們授予約翰一等獎(jiǎng)。(2)He won _ his excellent skill.他由于他出色的技能而獲獎(jiǎng)他由于他出色的技能而獲獎(jiǎng)。awardedthe award for辨析辨析: award 和和reward：award后接雙賓語(yǔ)后接雙賓語(yǔ) award sb. a metal 授予某人獎(jiǎng)?wù)率谟枘橙霜?jiǎng)?wù)聄ewa

29、rd 獎(jiǎng)賞獎(jiǎng)賞, 給給報(bào)酬報(bào)酬, 不能接雙賓語(yǔ)不能接雙賓語(yǔ);reward sb. for sth. 因因 獎(jiǎng)賞某人；獎(jiǎng)賞某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人用某物酬勞某人He rewarded the boy for bringing back the lost dog.He rewarded the boy with five yuan.16.admire vt. 1) 欽佩，羨慕，贊美欽佩，羨慕，贊美 eg.I admire him for his courage. admire 表示此意時(shí)，常用于表示此意時(shí)，常用于admire sb/sth 或或 admire

30、sb for sth結(jié)構(gòu)，而不能說(shuō)結(jié)構(gòu)，而不能說(shuō)admire sb sth 2) 欣賞，觀賞欣賞，觀賞 eg. We stopped to admire the view. admiration n. admiring adj. 佩服的，稱贊的佩服的，稱贊的wear a admiring look 帶著稱贊的表情帶著稱贊的表情17. look forward to(介詞介詞) + n/ v-ing 盼望，期待盼望，期待 Im looking forward to his coming.look forward to 結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to為介詞，其為介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞后接名詞或動(dòng)名

31、詞（動(dòng)詞ing形式）。形式）。類似的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)還有：類似的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)還有： be/become/get used to 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于 pay attention to 注意注意devote.to. 把把致力于致力于 prefer.to.寧愿寧愿也不也不18.all day and all night: =day and night = night and day整日整夜整日整夜 all day long : 整天整天 day after day :日復(fù)一日日復(fù)一日(動(dòng)作的重復(fù)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)) day by day: 逐日地逐日地 (動(dòng)作的變化動(dòng)作的變化) They think of their mot

32、herland day and night.It went on raining day after day.The little boy grew up day by day. 19.clothing n. u 總稱總稱 衣服衣服,服裝服裝， eg.The shop sells womens clothing. 【辨析辨析】clothing/clothes/cloth 1)clothing u 無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面接單數(shù)動(dòng)詞，無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面接單數(shù)動(dòng)詞，“一件衣服一件衣服”要說(shuō)要說(shuō)an article of clothing或或a piece of clothing，但不可以說(shuō)，但不可以說(shuō)a s

33、uit of clothing eg. childrens clothing 童裝童裝 Were well provided with food and clothing. 我們吃得好，穿得好。我們吃得好，穿得好。 2）clothes 統(tǒng)指身上各種服裝，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不統(tǒng)指身上各種服裝，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不能直接與數(shù)詞連用，但可以和能直接與數(shù)詞連用，但可以和some,many,these 等詞連用，后接復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。可以說(shuō)等詞連用，后接復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞?？梢哉f(shuō)a suit of clothes 3)cloth 當(dāng)當(dāng)“布料布料” 講時(shí)講時(shí)u, “一塊布一塊布”要說(shuō)要說(shuō)a piece of cloth; cloth

34、有時(shí)表示有時(shí)表示“特殊用途的特殊用途的一塊一塊布布”c eg. a table cloth 一塊桌布一塊桌布I need _cloth, for Im going to make_ clothes. A. a lot of; many B. much; much C. many; many D. many; a lot of I wanted to buy some _for my little daughter,so I went to a shop selling childrens_. A. clothes;clothes B. clothes; clothing C. clothing

35、;clothes D. clothing;clothing 21. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整個(gè)國(guó)度處處都是櫻花盛開整個(gè)國(guó)度處處都是櫻花盛開,看看上去就像罩上了一層粉紅的雪。上去就像罩上了一層粉紅的雪。as though和和as if沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。as if用得普遍些用得普遍些, 卻可引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句和卻可引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句, 其從句謂語(yǔ)常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。其從句謂語(yǔ)常用虛擬

36、語(yǔ)氣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣(從句所用的時(shí)態(tài)比前面真實(shí)句子從句所用的時(shí)態(tài)比前面真實(shí)句子所用的時(shí)態(tài)倒退一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)所用的時(shí)態(tài)倒退一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài).)(1) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她裝得好像什么事也沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)似的她裝得好像什么事也沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)似的 當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致,從句謂語(yǔ)中又有從句謂語(yǔ)中又有動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞to be時(shí)時(shí), 可以把主語(yǔ)和可以把主語(yǔ)和to be一起省去。一起省去。He looked about as though (he was) in search of something 他四處張望他四處張望, 好像尋找什么。好像尋找什么。 (2) 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句 It looks as if its going to rain 看樣子天要下雨了?？礃幼犹煲掠炅?。 2.陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣 (表示很可能的事實(shí)就用陳表示很可能的事實(shí)就用陳述語(yǔ)氣述語(yǔ)氣), 常與常與seem ,look, smell, taste 連用。連用。It looks as if/ though it is goin