高考英語完形填空解題技巧指導(dǎo)課件

1、2021/3/131 Major Skills for Cloze Test 高考英語英語完形填空答題技巧高考英語英語完形填空答題技巧 2021/3/132 2021/3/133 2021/3/134 2021/3/135 格式塔心理學(xué)格式塔心理學(xué): 又叫完形心理學(xué)又叫完形心理學(xué), ,當(dāng)看見不完整的事物時當(dāng)看見不完整的事物時, ,人們?nèi)藗?根據(jù)腦子里對事物的完整概念，會在思想上把根據(jù)腦子里對事物的完整概念，會在思想上把 它補(bǔ)全它補(bǔ)全. . 完形填空完形填空: : 對對 語篇缺失的信語篇缺失的信 息進(jìn)行猜測、息進(jìn)行猜測、 推斷、驗(yàn)證。推斷、驗(yàn)證。 2021/3/136 近年高考完形填空題型特點(diǎn)近

2、年高考完形填空題型特點(diǎn) 1.1.體裁上體裁上: : 主要有記敘文、說明文和議論文三種體裁。主要有記敘文、說明文和議論文三種體裁。 但大多以敘為主但大多以敘為主, , 敘議結(jié)合敘議結(jié)合; ; 2.2.內(nèi)容上內(nèi)容上: : 講述一個貼近考生實(shí)際生活的小故事講述一個貼近考生實(shí)際生活的小故事, ,在末在末 尾進(jìn)行升華尾進(jìn)行升華, ,揭示人生的道理，往往富有思揭示人生的道理，往往富有思 想性教育性想性教育性; ; 2021/3/137 2021/3/138 細(xì)讀文章的第一句話 高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完整的。該句 往往就是主題句（Topic Sentence）,這就為我們理解 文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提供了

3、一個“窗口”,它的句意往往為 全文提供中心信息，能直接概括全文大意、揭示主題。 充分重視首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為解題找到一個 突破口，據(jù)此展開思維，爭取開局勝利。 2021/3/139 I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful, 13 even kind of nice, to be 14 around for a while. Looking around, I 15 realized I would have to handle the thing my-self ! My hands started to

4、ache as I 16 turned the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the direction of the wheelchair was not going to be an easy task. 12. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable 14. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided 2021/3/1310 Do you also find it difficult to achieve high grades

5、 in the cloze test? 2021/3/1311 Do you know why it is called “Cloze” ? How can we change this situation? 詞語同復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語同復(fù)現(xiàn) ReiterationReiteration The blanks in the passage are closely related to the context. 2021/3/1312 Lets find the answers to the questions and search for the clue words. 2016 2016 課標(biāo)全國課標(biāo)全

6、國 I I A Heroic DriverA Heroic Driver 2021/3/1313 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers

7、Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher(滅火器滅火器). 2021/3/1314 單獨(dú)使用的動詞 to go or move at a particular speed, in a particular direction, or a particular distance （以某速度、朝某方向或（以某速度、朝某方向或 在某距離內(nèi)）在某距離內(nèi)）行進(jìn)行進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)送，傳播，轉(zhuǎn)送，傳播 to travel at 50 miles an hour 以每小時以每小時5050英里的速度行進(jìn)英里的速度行進(jìn) News travel

8、s fast these days. 如今消息傳播得很快。如今消息傳播得很快。 traveltravel 2021/3/1315 to travel around a place, for example on holiday/vacation, or to perform, to advertise sth, etc. 在在旅游；在旅游；在巡回演出（或做宣傳巡回演出（或做宣傳 廣告等）廣告等） He toured America with his one-man show. 他在美國進(jìn)行了個人巡回演出。他在美國進(jìn)行了個人巡回演出。 tourtour 2021/3/1316 A Heroic

9、Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguis

10、her(滅火器滅火器). 2021/3/1317 deliverdeliver TAKE GOODS/LETTERS 送貨送貨 / 信信 (sth) (to sb/sth) to take goods, letters, etc. to the person or people they have been sent to; to take sb somewhere 遞送；傳送；交付；運(yùn)載遞送；傳送；交付；運(yùn)載 Leaflets have been delivered to every household. 傳單已發(fā)送到每家每戶。傳單已發(fā)送到每家每戶。 2021/3/1318 A Heroic

11、 Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extingui

12、sher(滅火器滅火器). 語義場語義場 （同一話題（同一話題) ) (semantic (semantic field)field) 2021/3/1319 One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 get hold of the fire extinguisher (滅火器滅火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

13、45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam One thing is 59 - Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! 同同/ /近義詞近義詞 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1320 One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. The man who had his bright lights on

14、48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毀壞毀壞的的) vehicle. 46. A.used B. disabled C.removed D. abandoned 同同/ /近義詞近義詞 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1321 51 the vehicle,they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told he

15、r to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. .Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! 51. A.Starting B

16、.Parking C.Passing D.Approaching 同同/ /近義詞近義詞 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1322 They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. 52. A. quiet B. st

17、ill C. away D. calm 反義詞反義詞 (antonym)(antonym) 2021/3/1323 Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. 57. A.woman B.police C.man D.driver 上下義上下義/ /總分總分 (hyponymy)

18、 (hyponymy) 上義詞上義詞 ( (概括概括) )下義詞下義詞 ( (具體分述具體分述) ) instrument piano，violin，drum adult parents，teachers，professor 2021/3/1324 Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. 58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free 反義詞反義詞 (antonym)(antonym) 2021/3/1325 to a

19、llow sb to be free 放，釋放（某人）放，釋放（某人） 讓某人離開讓某人離開 （同義詞）（同義詞）free Will they let the hostages go? 他們是否會釋放人質(zhì)？ let sb golet sb go 2021/3/1326 Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. 58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free 同同/ /近義詞近義詞 (synonym)(synonym) 反

20、義詞反義詞 (antonym)(antonym) 2021/3/1327 20162016 ( (記敘記敘) ) 原詞原詞 (the same word) 同近義詞同近義詞 (synonym) 反義詞反義詞 (antonym) 上下義上下義/ / 總分總分 (hypo- nymy) 語義場語義場/ / 同一話題同一話題 (semanti c fields) 同源同源/ / 同根詞同根詞 (cognate word) 題題 次次 答答 案案 45. 46 51. 58 5257.58 41 42 A. B D. D BB. D C D Fill in the table 2021/3/1328

21、原詞原詞(the same word) 同源同源/ /同根詞同根詞 (cognate word) 同同/ /近義詞近義詞 (synonym) 反義詞反義詞 (antonym) 上下義上下義/ /總分總分 (hyponymy) 語義場語義場/同一話題同一話題 (semantic field) 2021/3/1329 Tips: 1. Its a competition. 2. Stand up as soon as possible if you find the answer to the question. 3. Point out the clue words and tell the k

22、ind of reiteration. Task 1 Task 1 運(yùn)用同復(fù)現(xiàn)法解決小語境問題運(yùn)用同復(fù)現(xiàn)法解決小語境問題 2021/3/1330 1. Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning . However, this _ is more often from parents and teachers than from students. Aconcern Bconclusion Creflection Dinterest 同源同源/ /同根詞同根詞 (cogna

23、te word)(cognate word) 2021/3/1331 2.Grasslands need time to recover when cattle and other animals feed on them.Moving animals from one field to another can provide the_ needed for new growth. Acattle Btime Cspace Dhelp 原詞原詞 (the same word) (the same word) 2021/3/1332 3. Car drivers have to obey tra

24、ffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes.Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent _ . A. accidents Bmistakes C. falls Ddeaths 上下義上下義/ /總分總分 (hyponymy)(hyponymy) 2021/3/1333 4. Our father was a struggling lawyer , but I always knew h

25、e was special. He never criticized us, but used _ to bring out our best. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise 反義詞反義詞 (antonym) (antonym) 2021/3/1334 5. “Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest _I had ever heard at a meet.The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the fini

26、shing line Acheer Bshout Ccry Dnoise 語義場（同一話題語義場（同一話題)(semantic field)(semantic field) 2021/3/1335 6. That is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the_of it.The value in dollars is not important; we do it for the pleasure it gives us. Abenefit Bgood

27、 Cfun Dinterest 同同/ /近義詞近義詞 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1336 Task 2 Task 2 運(yùn)用同復(fù)現(xiàn)法解決大語境問題運(yùn)用同復(fù)現(xiàn)法解決大語境問題 1. Read the cloze passage and choose the best answers using the strategy by yourself (about 6 minutes) 2. Discuss in groups and fill in the table below the passage (about 3 minutes) . 3. Report your f

28、indings to the class. 2021/3/1337 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常規(guī)常規(guī)) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on Christmas morning , children are excited about 43 with their new toys. .

29、 Adolescents enter high school .The same is true of the young adults going to college. .Before people retire, . 41. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 2021/3/1338 For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys.

30、But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 same toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someones 47 interest. 44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 46. A. well-organized B. colorfully

31、-printed C. newly- collected D. half-filled 47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 2021/3/1339 Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . 50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success A

32、s a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常規(guī)常規(guī))basis. . children are excited about playing with their new toys. But their 44 interest soon wears off .as a monument to someones 47 interest. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 excitement but a

33、re soon looking forward to graduation. .who now complain (抱怨抱怨) about the long drives to work, 53 eagerly drove for hours at a time excited 2021/3/1340 But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. . Within a short time, .Adolescents enter high schoo

34、l with great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . . But 58 after retirement , the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other past- imes become as boring as the jobs they 59 . 58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon. 59. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit 2021/3/1341 For example, on Christma

35、s morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 same toys can be found put away in the basement. And , like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 . 60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues 2021/3/1342 2014(2014(議論議論)

36、) 原詞原詞 (the same word) 同近義詞同近義詞 (synonym) 反義詞反義詞 (antonym) 上下義上下義/ / 總分總分 (hypo- nymy) 語義場語義場/ / 同一話題同一話題 (semantic fields) 同源同源/ / 同根詞同根詞 (cognate word) 題次題次 Fill in the table 41. 44 46. 47 514251. 59 44.58 60 50 2021/3/1343 原詞原詞 (the same word) 同近義詞同近義詞 (synonym) 反義詞反義詞 (antonym) 上下義上下義/ / 總分總分 (h

37、ypo- nymy) 語義場語義場/ / 同一話題同一話題 (semantic fields) 同源同源/ / 同根詞同根詞 (cognate word) 20162016 ( (記敘記敘) ) 20142014 ( (議論議論) ) 45. 46 51. 58 5257 41 42 41. 44 46. 47 5142 51 59 44.58 60 50 2021/3/1344 Reiteration is widely used in the cloze test. Reiteration is also widely used in the reading comprehension a

38、nd gap-filling reading. 2021/3/1345 Instruction: 1.Suppose you were an expert, set some blanks for the passages below using the strategy learnt in this class. 2. Discuss with your partners. 2021/3/1346 1. (2016 北京）北京） How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns harbor was already full of ice, so i

39、t couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the snowy roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. (2 blanks) 2021/3/1347 1. (2016 北京）北京） How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 39 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the

40、40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. 39. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border 40. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty 2021/3/1348 2. (2015天津天津) Days later, we made an offer - far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didnt laugh at us. They renewed their offer instead. I

41、t was also much more than we could afford, but far less than the original asking price. The next day, we got a disappointing message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the owners directly. We made our final offer, which still was thousands of dollars

42、 less than the other buyers bid. We knew it, but we had to try. (3 blanks) 2021/3/1349 2. (2015天津天津) Days later, we made an 23.offer - far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didnt 24.laugh at us. They renewed their offer 25.instead. It was also much more than we could afford, but far 26.less

43、 than the original asking price. The next day, we got a 27.disappointing message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the 28.owners directly. We made our final offer, which 29.still was thousands of dollars less than the other buyers bid. We knew it, 3

44、0.but we had to try. (3 blanks) 2021/3/1350 【真題演練真題演練 】 新課標(biāo)新課標(biāo)20172017全國卷全國卷I I 解題三部曲解題三部曲:讀讀-填填-讀讀 2021/3/1351 My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 41 my job. Family to Feed.” At this store, a 42 like th

45、is is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our “friend” there would 46. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. 41. A. Quit B. Changed C. Lost D. F

46、inished 42. A. condition B. place C. sight D. show 43. A. suggestion B.comment C. decision D. call 44. A. by B. proudly C. outside D. angrily 45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick 46. A. appreciate B. supply C. order D. discover 語境、語境、 詞義詞義 上下文上下文 2021/3/1352 Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47. I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves, butwell, sometimes 4