英語國(guó)家概況謝福之課后習(xí)題答案完整版

1、2018年最新版 英語國(guó)家概況 謝福之一、選擇題（答案在所有選擇題下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the follow ing stateme nts.1. The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Brita in and Irela ndB. Great Brita in and Scotla ndC. Great Brita in and WalesD. Great Brita in and En gla nd2. is the capital city

2、 of Scotland.A. BelfastB. Edi nburghC. Aberdee nD. Card iff3. According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. En gla ndB. Scotla ndC. WalesD. Northern Irela nd5. Almost a quarter of the

3、 British population lives in England.A. no rtheaster nB. southeaster nC. no rthwester nD. southwester n6. English belongs to the group of Indo - European family of Ianguages.A. CelticB. I ndo-lra nia nC. Germa nicD. Roma n7. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of word

4、s toEn glish.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and Germa nC. French and Italia nD. Lat in and Greek8. The evoluti on of Middle En glish was rein forced by the in flue nee.A. NormanB. DutchC. Germa nD. Da nish9. Samuel Joh nson s dict ionary was in flue ntial in establish ing a sta ndard form of.A. gramm

5、arB. han dwriti ngC. spell ingD. pronun ciati on10. At prese nt, n early of the world s populati on com muni cate in En glish.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. Da nishC. CelticD. Germa nic12. By the late 7th cen

6、tury, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic Christia nityB. An glo-Saxon Christia nityC. Germa nic Christia nityD. Roma n Christia nity13. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. August ineB. Edward the Con fessorC. William the Con querorD. Alfred the Great14. The marked the e

7、stablishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking in vasi onB. sig ning of the Magna CartaC. Norma n Conq uestD. Adopti on of com mon law15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lan caster16. The direct cause

8、 for the Religious Reformati on was Ki ng Henry VIII. s effort toA. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over thechurch17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protesta nts and Purita nsB. Royalists and Parliame ntaria nsC. no bles a

9、nd peasa ntsD. aristocrats and Christia ns18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisi ons of OxfordD. Mag na Carta19. The In dustrial Revolutio n was accomplished in Brita in by the middle of the cen tury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20. Britain faced s

10、trong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the cen tury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowi ng bran ches with the excepti on of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. mon archyD. executive22

11、. The importanee of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. pass ing the billsB. advis ing the gover nmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. compleme ntC. criticizeD. in spect24. British Cab

12、inet works on the principle of .A. collective resp on sibilityC. defe nding the collectivismB. in dividual resp on sibilityD. defe nding the in dividuals25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .D. supervise the Cabinet years.D. sixD. Northern Irela ndA. make decisi ons B. give adviceC.

13、pass bills26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held everyA. threeB. fourC. five27. has a distinet legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. En gla ndC. Scotla nd28. Gen erally speak ing, the British Parliame nt operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two -partyC. three-party D. mult

14、i -party29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and A. gover nment in terve nti onB. n atio nalizati on of en terprisesC. social reformD. a belief in in dividualism30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the Nati onal Health S

15、erviceB. improved public tran sportati onC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the econo mic developme nt31. The British economy achieved global dominance by the .32. In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.33. The in the early 1970s worsened an alread

16、y stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high in flati on ratesC. large importsD. un employme nt problem34. Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher s social welfare reform.A. reduc ing child ben efitsB. shorte ningthe un employme ntben efitsperiodC. reduci ng the un employme ntD

17、. loweri ng old age pensions35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except .A. limit ing gover nment spe ndingB. keep ing in flati on un der con trolC. reduci ng un employme ntD. reduc ing in equality36. Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 6

18、4%C. 74%D.84%37. Britain s important fishing areas include all the following except.A. the North SeaB. the En glish Cha nnelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain andIrela nd38. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D.

19、 2/339. The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreig n-ownedB. state-ow nedC. joi nt-ve ntureD.privately-ow ned40. Of the following sectors in Britain, has experieneed spectacular growth since theend of Word War II.A. agricultureB. en ergy in dustryC. service in dustryD.manu facturi ngin dustry4

20、1. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the in troduct ion of comprehe nsive schools in theA. 1930sB. 1940s42. Aboutof British children receiveprimary and sec on dary educati on through thein depe ndent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%grants, the British43

21、. Partially funded by central governmentremai ning funds from all the followi ng sources exceptA. tuiti on feesB. loa nsC. don ati onsuni versitiesD.receive theircorporatecon tributio ns44. Of the following,is NOT a basis of admissi on to Brita ins universities.B. A-level resultA. result in n ati on

22、al entrance testC. an in terviewD. school references45. To be admitted to the Open University, one needA. some educati onal qualificati onsB. no educati onal qualificati onsC. Gen eral Certificate of Educati on -Adva need D. Gen eral Nati onal Vocati onal Qualificati ons46. Among Britain quality pre

23、ss, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ Bigrhreewith the excepti on ofA. The TimesB. The Guardia nC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47. Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500millio n viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. docume ntaryD. soap ope

24、ra48. is Britain s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49. Of the followi ng, is NOT a com mon feature of all the British holidays.A. families gett ing togetherB. friends excha nging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other s compDnfamilies traveling overseas50. The following Ch

25、ristmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen s Christmas messageC. Boxi ng DayD. Christmas pan tomime51. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissanee is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry s “ Declaration of Indepe

26、ndence.A. I Won dered Lon ely as a Cloud”. Don Jua nC. “ Preface to Lyrical Ballads” D. Prometheus Unbound53. Of Dicke ns novels, is con sidered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectati ons54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the

27、 turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis Steve nsonB. Joh n Milt onC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55. Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo -Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th cen tury.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers beli

28、eved in“ Art for Art s SakeD. Treasure Isla nd was a represe ntative work.56. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virgi nia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57. Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D UrbervillesC. Adam

29、BedeD. The Return of the Native58. Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the“ Bloomsbury GroupB. She experime nted with stream of con scious ness.C. She was an in flue ntial femini st.D. Her masterpiece was The Rain bow.59. Of the following w

30、riters, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel Beckett B. James Joyce C. William Goldi ng D. V. S. Naipaul60. Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel Beckett B. George OrwellC. William Goldi ng D. D. H. Lawre nee61. The United States has states on the continent.A.50B. 49C.48D. 3562. The state of i

31、s the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south,the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. n orther n, east, westB. cen tral, east, westC. souther n, west, eastD. wester n, east, west64

32、. The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the SouthB. alo ng the Pacific CoastC. i n New En gla ndD. i n the Midwest66. is located on

33、the U. S. Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowsto ne Natio nal ParkB. The Grand Ca nyo nC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67. The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. I ndia nsB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68. The largest minority in the United St

34、ates is the A. Pacific Isla ndersB. BlacksC. Native America nsD. Asia ns69. The Immigrants particularly fromAct of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States,B. AsiaA. Europe70. The characteristic of dominant American culture isC. AfricaD. South AmericaA. English-speaking, northe

35、rn European, Roman Catholic and middle -classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper -classC. En glish-speak ing, northern Europea n, Protesta nt and upper -classD. En glish-speak ing, wester n Europea n, Protesta nt and middle -class71. The first successful English colony in

36、 North America was founded at in A. Jamestow n, Louisia naB. Bost on, MassachusettsC. Jamestow n, Virgi niaD. Plymouth, Georgia72. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution inEn gla nd.A. Protesta ntsB. Purita nsC. CatholicsD. Christia ns73. The Seven Years War occurred

37、 between the .A. French and America n In dia nsB.French and Spani ardsC. French and BritishD.British and America n In dia ns74. “ No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan.ofA. the settlers of Virgi niaB.the people of Penn sylva niaC. the coloni sts in New En gla ndD.the people of

38、the 13 colonies75. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. Co ncordB. Lexi ngt onC. PhiladelphiaD. Bosto n76. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of an ati onal gover nment.A. the First Con ti nen tal Con gressB. the Second Con ti nen

39、 tal Con gressC. the Bost on Tea PartyD. the Con gress of Con federati on77. Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declarati on of In depe ndenceB. Con stituti onC. Eman cipati on Proclamati onD. Bill of Rights78. The policy of the Un ited States was at the beg inning of the two w

40、orld wars.A. n eutralityB. full in volveme ntC. partial in volveme nt D. appeaseme nt79. Preside nt applied New Dealto deal with the problems of the Great Depressi on.A. Wilso nB. TrumanC. Roosevelt D. Kenn edy80. The Viet nam War was a long -time sufferi ngfor America ns, and it con ti nued through

41、out theterms of Presidents .A. Joh nson, Nixon and FordB. Truma n, Eise nhower and Kenn edyC. Kenn edy, Joh nson and NixonD. Eise nhower, Kenn edy and Joh nson81. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .82. The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to Con gressB. gives the m

42、ost power to the Preside ntC. tries to give each branch eno ugh power to bala nce the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83. The Bill of Rights .A. defi nes the rights of Con gress and the rights of the Preside ntB. guara ntees citize ns of the Un ited States specific in dividual righ

43、ts and freedomsC. is part of the Declaratio n of In depe ndenceD. has no relati on ship with the Con stituti on84. The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religio nB. the right to get into people s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own on

44、e s weapon if one wishes85. All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the Sen atorB. the Represe ntativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the Preside nt86. The followi ng except are all powers of the Preside nt.A. veto ing any bills passed by Con gressB. appo inting federal judges whe n

45、 vaca ncies occurC. making lawsD. issu ing executive orders87. Accord ing to the Con stituti on, a can didate for Preside nt must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years reside nt of the Un ited StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88. The terms for a Senator and Representative are

46、and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89. The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. seve nC. eightD. nine90. The Preside nt is directly voted into office by .A. all citize ns of AmericaB. the citize ns over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the

47、sen ators and represe ntatives91. America produces a major portion of the world products in the following fieldsexcept .A. machi neryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to.A. colonial economy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyB. f

48、armi ng economy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, in dustrial economyD. han dcraft economy, farming economy, in dustrial economy93. Chartered compa nies were NOT gran ted the by the British Ki ng or Quee n.A. political authorityB. econo mic rightsC. judici

49、al authorityD. diplomatic authority94. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of A. George Wash ingtonC. An drew Jacks on95. The followinginventions took placeexcept .A. typewriterB. teleph one96. Preside nt Joh nson tried to build afollowing except .A. MedicareC.

50、 Educati on In itiativesB. Thomas Jeffers onD. Alexa nder Hamilt onduri ng the “ sec ond in dustrial revoluti on ”C. electric lightD. refrigerator“ Great Society ” by introducing various programs like theB. Food StampsD. Un employme nt PensionA. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth97. About of

51、American crops are for export.D. America n Motors s total.D. 25%101. Formal educationin the United States consists of,sec on dary and highereducati on.A. kin dergarte nB. publicC. eleme ntaryD. private98. The following statements are all true except .A. Agribus in esses reflect the big, corporate n

52、ature of many farm en terprises.B. Agribus in esses mai ntai n a bala need trade pattern betwee n agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribus in esses range from on e-family corporatio ns to mult in ati onal firms.D. Agribus in esses in clude a variety of farm bus in esses and structures.99. is not

53、one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. Ge neral Motors C. Chrysler100. At present, U. S. exports account for of the worldA. 10%B. 15%C. 20%102. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and Ian guagesB. politics and bus in ess

54、educati onC. scie nee and social studiesD. music and physical educati on103. Higher education in the United States began with the founding ofA. Yale Un iversityB. Harvard Uni versityC. Prin ceto n Uni versityD. New York Un iversity104. Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American highe

55、r education.A. uni versities and collegesB. research in stituti onsC. tech ni cal in stituti onsD. com munity colleges105. Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S.in stituti ons.A. choos ing the preside ntB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC.

56、approvi ng budget and other finan cial projectD. decide which stude nt to en roll106. To get a bachelor egree, all undergraduate students are required to do the followingexcept .A. atte nding lectures and completi ng assig nmentsB. pass ing exam in atio nsC. work ing for com mun itiesD. earning a certa in nu mber of credits107. Of the follow in