小學六年級英語語法要點及習題

1、小學英語語法要點及習題一、名詞復數規(guī)則1 一般情況下，直接加-s ，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 以 s. x. sh. ch 結尾，加 -es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es ,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es ,如：knife-knives5 不 規(guī) 則 名 詞 復 數 ： man-men, woma

2、n-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice ， child-children ， foot-feet, tooth-teeth ， fish-fish, people-people, chinese-chinese, japanese-japanese 6.合成詞單復數變化規(guī)則1）以不可數名詞結尾的復合名詞無復數形式。例如：homework, newspaper等。2）以man 或 woman 為前綴的名詞變復數時，前后兩個名詞都變成復數。例如： woman doctor women doctors, ma

3、n waiter men waiters.7.集體名詞，以單數形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復數。例如：people police 等本身就是復數， 不能說 a people, a police, 但可以說 a person, a policeman， the english， the british ， the french， the chinese， the japanes，e the swiss 等名詞，表示國民總稱時，作復數用，如 the chinese are industries and brave. 中國 人民是勤勞勇敢的。寫出下列各詞的復數i _him _this her _watch _c

4、hild _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_sheep _box_ strawberrythief _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juicewater_milk_ricetea_二、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹【 no. 1 】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如： the sky is blue. 天空是藍色的。2. 表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如： i get up at six every day. 我每天六點起床。3. 表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如： the earth goes

5、 around the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉。 一般現(xiàn)在時的構成1. be 動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如：i am a boy. 我是一個男孩。2. 行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它) 。如：we study english. 我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she,it) 時，要在動詞后加-s 或 -es 。如： mary likes chinese. 瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be 動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not + 其它。如： he is not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑問句： be +主語 +其它。如： -ar

6、e you a student?-yes. i am. / no, im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如： where is my bike?2. 行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) + 動詞原形 (+其它 ) 。如：i dont like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用 doesnt 構成否定句。如：he doesnt often play.一般疑問句： do( does ) + 主語 +動詞原形+其它。如： - do you often play football?- yes, i do. / no, i dont.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要

7、用 does 構成一般疑問句。如：- does she go to work by bike?- yes, she does. / no, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：how does your father go to work?動詞 +s 的變化規(guī)則1 一般情況下，直接加 -s ，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch.。結尾，力口-es ,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-st

8、udies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數drink go _ stay _ make look have_pass_ carry comewatch_ plant_ fly study_ brushdoteach二、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1. he often (have) dinner at home.2. daniel and tommy (be) in class one.3. we (not watch) tv on monday.4. nick (not go) to the zoo on sunday.5. they (like) the world c

9、up?6. what they often (do) on saturdays?7. your parents (read) newspapers every day?8. the girl (teach) us english on sundays.9. she and i (take) a walk together every evening.10. there (be) some water in the bottle.11. mike (like) cooking.12. they (have) the same hobby.13. my aunt (look) after her

10、baby carefully.14. you always （do） your homework well.15. i （be） ill. i m staying in bed.16. she （go） to school from monday to friday.17. liu tao （do） not like pe.18. the child often （watch） tv in the evening.19. su hai and su yang （have） eight lessons this term.20. what day （be） it today? it s satu

11、rday.三、按照要求改寫句子1. tom watches tv every evening.（ 改為否定句 ）2. i do my homework every day.（ 改為一般疑問句，作否定回答）3. she likes milk.（ 改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答）4. amy likes playing computer games.（ 改為一般疑問句，作否定回答）5. we go to school every morning.（ 改為否定句 ）6. he speaks english very well.（ 改為否定句 ）7. i like taking photos in the

12、 park.（對劃線部分提問 ）8. john comes from canada.（ 對劃線部分提問 ）9. she is a good student.（ 改為一般疑問句，作否定回答）10. simon and daniel like going skating.（ 改為否定句 ）五、改錯 （ 劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上 ）1. is your brother speak english? 2. does he likes going fishing? 3. he likes play games after class. 4. mr. wu teachs us english.

13、5. she don t do her homework on sundays. 三、現(xiàn)在進行時1 現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作， 也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2 .現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing.3 現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be 后加 not 。4 現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。5 現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：疑問詞不達意+ be + 主語 + 動詞 ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞不達意+ be + 動詞 ing?動詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)則1 一般情況下，直接加ing ，如： cook-cooking2 以不發(fā)音的e

14、結尾，去 e 加 ing ，如： make-making, taste-tasting3 如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母， 雙寫末尾的輔音字母， 再加 ing ， 如： run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：playrunswim makegolikewriteskireadhavesing danceputseebuy lovelivetakecome getstopsit beginshop二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：i.the boy( draw)a picture now.2. listen .some girls

15、( sing)in the classroom .3. my mother( cook )some nice food now.4. what you( do ) now?5. look . they( have) an english lesson .6. they(not ,water) the flowers now.7. look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. what is our granddaughter doing? she(listen ) to music.9. it s 5 o clock now. we(have)supp

16、er now10. helen(wash )clothes? yes ,she is .三、句型轉換：1. they are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)2. the students are cleaning the classroom .(改般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)3. i m playing the football in the playground .（對劃線部分進行提問）4. tom is reading books in his room .（對劃線部分進行提問）四、將來時理論及練習一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備

17、做某事。句中一 般有以下時間狀語： tomorrow, next day（week, month, year）,soon, the dayafter tomorrow （后天）等。二、基本結構： be going to + do ; will+ do.三、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are） l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won t。 例如：i m going to have a picnic this afternoon. i m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any

18、, and改為or,第一二人稱 互換。例如： we are going to go on an outing this weekend. are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1 .問人。who例如：i m going to new york soon. wh6 s going to new york soon.2 . 問干什么。what do.例如： my father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. what

19、 is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3 .問什么時候。when例如：she s going to go to bed at nine.when is shegoing to bed?六、同義句： be going to = willi am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天） . = i will go swimming tomorrow.練習：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。ihave a picnic with my friends.i have a picnic with my fr

20、iends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。what next monday?i play basketball.what you do next monday? i play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。your mother go shopping this ?yes, she . she buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時候見面。what time you meet?改句子。5. nancy is going to go on a picnic. (改否定)nancy going to go on a picni

21、c.6. i ll go and visit them. (改否定)i go visit them.7. i m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. (改一般疑問句) to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. we will meet at the bus station at 10:30. (改一般疑問句) meet at the bus station at 10:30.9. she is going to listen to music after school. (對劃線部分提問)she after school?10. my fath

22、er and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上 ) going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空。11. today is a sunny day. we (have) a picnic thisafternoon.12. my brother (go) to shanghai next week.13. tom often (go) to school on foot. but today is rain. he(go) to school by

23、bike.14. what do you usually do at weekends? i usually (watch) tv and(catch) insects?15. it s friday today. what she (do) this weekend? she(watch) tv and (catch) insects.16. what (d0) you do last sunday? i (pick) appleson a farm. what(do) next sunday?i (milk) cows.17. mary (visit) her grandparents t

24、omorrow.18. liu tao (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. david (give) a puppet show next monday.20. i (plan) for my study now五、一般過去時1 一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)， 常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經常或反復發(fā)生的動作感謝。2 be 動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)?was。 (was not=wasn t)are 在一般過去時中變?yōu)?were。(were not=weren t)帶有was

25、或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在 was或were后力口 not, 一般疑問句把 was或 were調到句首。3 句中沒有be 動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句： didn t + 動詞原形，如： jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加 did ，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如： did jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如： what did jim do yesterday?疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如： who went to home yest

26、erday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1 一般在動詞末尾加-ed ，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .結尾是 e 力口 d,如：taste-tasted3 末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 -ed ，如： stop-stopped4 .以“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i , 再加-ed,如：study-studied5 不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, e

27、at-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時練習寫出下列動詞的過去式is/amflyplant_ are drinkplay_ go_ make doesdanceworry_ask eatdraw_ put _eatthrowpassbe動詞的過去時練習（1）_ do 1、 用 be 動詞的適當形式填空1. i at

28、school just now.2. he at the camp last week.3. we students two years ago.4. they on the farm a moment ago.5. yang ling eleven years old last year.6. there an apple on the plate yesterday.7. there some milk in the fridge on sunday.8. the mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.2、 句型轉換1. it was exc

29、iting.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 2. they were in his pocket.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： be動詞的過去時練習一、用 be 動詞的適當形式填空1. i an english teacher now.2. she happy yesterday.3. they glad to see each other last month.4. helen and nancy good friends.5. the little dog two years old this year.6. look, there lots of grapes here

30、.7. there a sign on the chair on monday.8. today the second of june. yesterday the first of june. itchildren s day. al l the students very excited.行為動詞的過去時練習一、用行為動詞的適當形式填空1. he (live) in wuxi two years ago.2. the cat (eat) a bird last night.3. we (have) a party last halloween.4. i (make) a model shi

31、p with mike yesterday.5. they (play) chess in the classroom last pe lesson.6. my mother (cook) a nice food last spring festival.7. the girls (sing) and (dance) at the party.二、句型轉換1. su hai took some photos at the sports day.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 2. sam went to school early.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 3. we sa

32、ng some english songs.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 行為動詞的過去時練習( 2)一、用 be 動詞的適當形式填空1. i (watch) a cartoon on saturday.2. her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. we to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you (visit) your relatives last spring festival?5. he (fly) a kite on sunday? yes, he .6. what she (fi

33、nd) in the garden last morning?she (find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉換1. they played football in the playground.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 三、中譯英1. 斯瑪特先生去年住在中國。2. 昨天我們參觀了農場。過去時綜合練習( 1)一、 用動詞的適當形式填空1. it (be) amy s birthday last friday.2. we all (have) a good time last night.3. he (jump) high on last sports

34、day.4. she likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. (read)5. he football now, but they basketball just now. (play)9. i (watch) a cartoon on monday.10. we (go) to school on sunday.過去時綜合練習( 2)一、 用動詞的適當形式填空1. it (be) the 2nd of november yesterday.mr smart (go) to his office by car.2. gao shan (put)

35、the book on his head a moment ago.3. don t the house. mum it yesterday. (clean)4. what you just now? i some housework. (do)5. they (make) a kite a week ago.6. he the flowers this morning? yes, he . (water)7. she (be) a pretty girl. look, she (do) chinese dances.8. the students often (draw) some pict

36、ures in the art room.六、形容詞的比較級復習及練習一、形容詞的比較級1 、 形容詞比較級在句子中的運用： 兩個事物或人的比較用比較級， 比較級后面一般帶有單詞 than 。比較級前面可以用 more, a little 來修飾表示程度。 than 后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。2 形容詞加er 的規(guī)則：一般在詞尾加 er ；以字母 e 結尾，加 r ；以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結尾，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 er ;以“輔音字母+y”結尾，先把y變i ,再加er。3 不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful三

37、、練習1) 、寫出下列形容詞的比較級oldyoungtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautiful2) 、根據句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. my brother is two years (old)than me.2. tom is as (fat) as jim.3. is your sister (young) than you? yes,she is.4. who is (thin),you or helen? helen is.5. whose pencil-box is (big),yours or hers

38、? hers is.6. mary s hair is as (long) as lucy s.7.ben (jump) (high) than some of the boys in his class.8 .my eyes are (big) than (she).9 .which is (heavy),the elephant or the pig?三) 、翻譯句子：1 、誰比jim 年紀大？is than jim ？2 、誰比david 更強壯？than david?3、誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？pencil is ,or？4 、誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。a

39、pples ,your or your ?my .七、 there be 句型與 have, has 的區(qū)別1 、 there be 句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2 、 在 there be 句型中， 主語是單數， be 動詞用 is ; 主語是復數， be 動詞用 are ;如有幾件物品， be 動詞根據最近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3 、 there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加 not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。4 、 there be 句型與 have(has) 的區(qū)別： there be 表示在某地有某物(或人)；any 用于否定句用于否定句或疑have(has)

40、表示某人擁有某物。5 、 some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的運用： some 用于肯定句， 或疑問句。6 、 and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的運用： and 用于肯定句， or問句。7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是：how many + 名詞復數 + are there + 介詞短語？how much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是：what s + 介詞短語？fill in the blank with“have,has ” or “there is , there are1. ia go

41、od father and a good mother.2. a telephone on the desk.3. hea radio.4. a basketball in the playground.5. shesome dresses.6. theya nice garden（花園） .7. what do you?8. a reading-room in the building?9. what does mike?10. any books in the bookcase?11. my fathera story-book.12. a story-book on the table.

42、13. any flowers in the vase?14. how many studentsin the classroom?15. my parentssome nice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17. a map of the world on the wall.18. many children on the hill.用恰當的be動詞填空。1、there a lot of sweets in the box.2、there some milk in the glass.3、there some people under the the

43、 big tree.4、there a picture and a map on the wall.5、there a box of rubbers near the books.6、 there 10ts of flowers in our garden last year.7、there a cake behind the fridge（冰箱）yesterday.8、there four cups of coffee on the table.fill in the blank with have, has ”1. i a nice dress.2. he a good friend.3.

44、 they some books.4. we some flowers.5. she a duck.6. my father a new bike.7. her mother a vase.8. our teacher an english book.9. our teachers a basketball.10. nancy many skirts.11. david some jackets.12. my friends a football.13. what do you?14. what does mike?15. what do your friends?16. what does

45、helen?17. his brother a basketball.18. her sister a nice doll.19. miss li an english book.八、人稱代詞和物主代詞1 、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前(有時候位于than 之后)，賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后。2 、 物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別： 形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞， 名詞性 則單獨使用，后面不帶名詞。人稱代詞 物主代詞主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性我 i me 我的 my mine你，你們 you you 你的，你們的 your yours他 he him 他的 hi

46、s his她 she her 她的 her hers它 it it 它的 its its我們 we us 我們的 our ours他(她，它)們 they them 他(她，它)們的 their theirs一 . 用所給詞的適當形式填空1. that is not kite. that kite is very small, but is verybig. ( i )2. the dress is . give it to . ( she )3. is this watch? (you) no, it s not . ( i )4. is my brother. name is jack. look! those stamps are. ( he )5. dresses are red. (we) what colour are ? ( you )6. here are many dolls, which one i