“by+時(shí)間”用法

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx“by+時(shí)間”用法【精品文檔】“by+時(shí)間”意為“不遲于(=not later than)”；“一到(=as soon as)”；“當(dāng)某時(shí)候到了=when (the time in dicated ) comes”；“到時(shí)為止”等。時(shí)間上有過去、現(xiàn)在和將來之別。主動(dòng)詞本身有動(dòng)作與狀態(tài)之分，其時(shí)態(tài)可為一般式、完成式、進(jìn)行式或完成進(jìn)行式?，F(xiàn)分述如下：1、“by時(shí)間”與動(dòng)作性強(qiáng)的動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，主句多用于完成式。by后的時(shí)間可指現(xiàn)在、過去或?qū)頃r(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：By the time he was fourteen year sold，he had learned maths al

2、l by himself.到14歲的時(shí)候，他就已經(jīng)自學(xué)了數(shù)學(xué)。I shall have finished it by the time you come back.你回來以前我就把它做完了。By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals and we had kicked four.比賽結(jié)束時(shí)，他們踢進(jìn)了2分我們踢了4分。They must have finished their work by this time.他們現(xiàn)在一定已經(jīng)完成工作了。但是，上述情況中當(dāng)時(shí)間為將來時(shí)，主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后時(shí)，主句動(dòng)詞可用一般時(shí)態(tài)。如：If yo

3、ure not better by then, Ill take you to see the doctor.如果到那時(shí)還不好些，我就帶你去看病。Can you finish this by tomorrow? 在明天以前你能做完這件事嗎？間或有用進(jìn)行式的。如：By the end of the first week the head of the department was saying very nice things about me. 第一周末時(shí)系主任給我多多美言了幾句。2、“by+時(shí)間”與表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用多用于一般式。by后時(shí)間可為現(xiàn)在、過去或?qū)頃r(shí)。如：By the end of

4、 the century the population numbered about four million. 到世紀(jì)末人口已經(jīng)達(dá)到四百萬左右。You can borrow my camera, but I must have it back by five oclock.我的照像機(jī)你可以借去用，但是五點(diǎn)以前一定要還我。By the time that the security guards had realized what was happening, the gang were already inside the bank. 等到保衛(wèi)人員明白過來發(fā)生了什么事時(shí)，那一伙強(qiáng)盜已經(jīng)進(jìn)了銀行

5、。He ought to be here by this time /by now.他此刻（現(xiàn)在）應(yīng)該已經(jīng)來到這里了。如強(qiáng)調(diào)某狀態(tài)在某時(shí)間前已經(jīng)完成，也常用完成式。如：By next Sunday you will have stayed with us for three months.至下星期日為止，你將與我們相聚三個(gè)月了。3、“by時(shí)間”與祈使句連用，用于一般式。如：Please finish the task by the end of the month.請(qǐng)?jiān)谠碌浊巴瓿蛇@項(xiàng)任務(wù)。Be here by this time tomorrow.明天這個(gè)時(shí)候要到這兒。4、如強(qiáng)調(diào)某狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作在某時(shí)間為止還要繼續(xù)下去，還可用完成進(jìn)行式。如：By the time you gra