必修八英語課本知識點話題40人類祖先

1、話題話題40 人類祖先人類祖先 基礎(chǔ)知識自測基礎(chǔ)知識自測 一、單詞識記一、單詞識記 1. _ n. 種類種類; 類別類別 2. _ n. 相冊相冊; 集郵冊集郵冊; 唱片唱片 3. _ n. 幼兒園幼兒園 4. _ n. 酸乳酪酸乳酪; 酸奶酸奶 5. _ n. 皺紋皺紋wrinkle category album kindergarten yogurt 6. _ vt. 促進促進 7. _ n. 學(xué)院學(xué)院; 學(xué)會學(xué)會 8. _ vt. 刪刪; 刪除刪除 9. _ vt. 吐出吐出 vi. 吐痰吐痰 10. _ adj. 試探性的試探性的tentative accelerate academy

2、 delete spit 11. _ adj. 原始；遠古的原始；遠古的 12. _ adj. 暈眩的；昏亂的暈眩的；昏亂的 13. _ n. 計量計量 厘米厘米 14. _ vt. 逮捕逮捕 n. 逮捕逮捕 15. _ n. 可能的選擇可能的選擇 alternative primitive dizzy centimetre arrest 二、單詞拓展二、單詞拓展 (A)單詞派生單詞派生 1. _ vt. 假定；設(shè)想假定；設(shè)想 _ n. 假定；設(shè)想假定；設(shè)想 2. _ adj. 精確的；準確的精確的；準確的 _ n. 精確；準確精確；準確 accuracy assume assumption

3、accurate 3. _ v. 挨餓；餓死挨餓；餓死 _ n. 挨餓；餓死挨餓；餓死 starve starvation 4. _ adj. 重要的重要的; 意義深遠的意義深遠的 _ n. 意義意義; 重要性重要性 significant significance 6. _ v. 打斷打斷講話；打岔講話；打岔 _ n. 打斷打斷; 中斷中斷; 干擾干擾 interrupt interruption 5. _ n. 技巧；熟練技巧；熟練 _ adj. 有技巧的有技巧的; 熟練的熟練的skilful (skillful) skill (B) 靈活運用靈活運用 1. According to a

4、_ worker, a _ performance comes with abundant skills. (skill) 1. 形容詞作定語。形容詞作定語。 skilful/(skillful) skilful (skillful) 2. Its impossible to predict the weather with great_ (accurate). 2. 名詞作介詞名詞作介詞with的賓語。句意：的賓語。句意：“十分十分 精確地預(yù)測天氣變化是不可能的。精確地預(yù)測天氣變化是不可能的?！?3. What he mentioned in the report will lead to

5、a _ (significance) turning point. 3. 形容詞作定語。形容詞作定語。 significant accuracy 4. If we dont control the birth rate, well be on the edge of _ (starve) in the near future. 4. 名詞作介詞名詞作介詞of的賓語。的賓語。 5. She has kept up physical training for several years without_ (interrupt). 5. 名詞作介詞名詞作介詞without的賓語。的賓語。 inter

6、ruption starvation 三、短語翻譯三、短語翻譯 1. _ 至多至多; 最多最多 2. _ 至少至少; 最少最少 3. _受夠了受夠了; 飽受飽受; 厭煩厭煩 4. _向前看向前看; 為將來打算為將來打算look ahead at most at least (be) fed up with 5. _不管；不顧不管；不顧 6. _切碎切碎 7. _追溯到追溯到 8. _隱蔽靜候某人隱蔽靜候某人 lie in wait for sb. regardless of cut up date back to 9. _饑餓而死饑餓而死 10. _亂糟糟亂糟糟; 凌亂不堪凌亂不堪 11. _

7、將將分成分成 12. _但愿但愿(要是要是就好了就好了)if only die of starvation/starve to death in a mess divideinto 四、課文回顧四、課文回顧 A group of students from England came to the Zhoukoudian Caves for a visit. An archaeologist showed 1_ around. First the archaeologist described 2_ people lived in their caves： They might have kep

8、t fire 3 _(burn) all winter to keep them warm，cook the food and scare wild animals away. them how burning They might 4_ (hang) animal skins 5_ the cave mouth to keep out the cold. When the students saw a needle，she told them that early people might have used sharpened stone tools to cut up the anima

9、ls and remove 6_ skin. Then smaller scrapers might have been used to clean the fat and meat from them. have hung at their After that they would have had to rub 7_ ample amount of salt inside the skin to make it soft enough. Finally， they would have cut it and 8_ (sew) the pieces together. At last sh

10、e showed them a necklace. Why are some of the beads made of animal bones 9_ some are made of shells? Perhaps there was trade 10 _ early people or they travelled to the seaside on their journeys. an sewn but between 五、句子改錯五、句子改錯 1.Worried about the preparations for her feast, Lala quickly turned for

11、home with her collection of nuts, melons or other fruit. of and 2.In November 26th, 1922 Carters colleagues from England came to see which he had found. 3.The smell of cooking meat filled the air surround her, and her senses became dizzy with hungry. On what surrounding hunger 4.She could see her mo

12、ther and the older children prepare the deer and pig meat over a fire. 5.This was one of the most important archaeological discovery of the 20th century. preparing the discoveries 重點詞匯講練重點詞匯講練 1. interrupt v. 打斷打斷講話；打岔；講話；打岔； 中斷中斷 例句例句 Im sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? 對不起，打?qū)Σ黄?/p>

13、，打 斷了你的講話，請問他們怎么能夠住斷了你的講話，請問他們怎么能夠住 在這個地方呢？在這個地方呢？ 派生派生 interruption n. 中斷；打擾中斷；打擾 搭配搭配 be interrupted by被被打斷打斷 without interruption未被打斷的未被打斷的 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語提示完成英文句子。根據(jù)漢語提示完成英文句子。 His speech _ _ (不斷被掌聲打斷不斷被掌聲打斷). Dont_ (不要打擾我不要打擾我) while Im busy. interrupt me was constantly interrupted by applause 2. amp

14、le adj. 足夠的；充足的；豐足夠的；充足的；豐 裕的裕的 (enough or more than enough, abundant) 例句例句 After that they would rub an ample amount of salt onto the skin to make it soft. 然后他們可能在獸皮然后他們可能在獸皮 上擦上大量的鹽，使皮變軟。上擦上大量的鹽，使皮變軟。 聯(lián)想聯(lián)想 ample opportunity / evidence / space 充分的機會充分的機會/足夠的證據(jù)足夠的證據(jù)/寬敞寬敞 的空間的空間 派生派生 amply adv. 充足地；豐

15、厚地充足地；豐厚地 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語提示完成英文句子。根據(jù)漢語提示完成英文句子。 _ _ (寬敞的免費停車場寬敞的免費停車場) is available in this area. His efforts were _ (得到了豐厚回報得到了豐厚回報). amply rewarded Ample free parking / An ample free parking lot 3. assume vt. 假定假定; 假設(shè)假設(shè); 猜想猜想; 認為認為 原句原句 So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, r

16、egardless of the cold. 因此因此, 我們有我們有 理由認為他們不顧嚴寒理由認為他們不顧嚴寒,就住在這些洞就住在這些洞 穴里穴里。(B8 P38) 例句例句 Scientists assume there is no animal life on Mars. 科科 學(xué)家們認為火星上沒有生命學(xué)家們認為火星上沒有生命 存在。存在。 搭配搭配 assumeto be假定假定為為 It is assumed that人們認為人們認為 on the assumption that在假定在假定 的情況下的情況下 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 我們要把每

17、次測驗都當成高考來對待我們要把每次測驗都當成高考來對待。 We are supposed to _ _ the college entrance examination. assume every test to be 人們認為戒煙可以幫助改善健康狀況人們認為戒煙可以幫助改善健康狀況。 _ giving up smoking can _. It is assumed that help improve our health 原句原句 So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of t

18、he cold. 因此因此, 我們有理由認為他們不顧我們有理由認為他們不顧 嚴寒嚴寒, 就住在這些洞穴里。就住在這些洞穴里。(B8 P38) 例句例句 Ill firmly support you regardless of the situation. 無論形勢如何我都將堅定地無論形勢如何我都將堅定地 支持你。支持你。 4. regardless of 不管不管; 不顧不顧 同義同義 in spite of, despite不管不管; 不顧不顧 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 不管遇到什么困難不管遇到什么困難, 我們都要堅持下去我們都要堅持下去。 We must

19、 keep on trying _ _. 本次活動任何年級的同學(xué)都可以參加本次活動任何年級的同學(xué)都可以參加。 The activity welcomes _ _. regardless of any difficulty regardless of grade (all) students 5. be fed up with 對對厭倦?yún)捑? 受夠受夠 了了 原句原句 Well, Im fed up with all the attention and.唉唉, 我厭倦了這些關(guān)我厭倦了這些關(guān) 注注(B8 P41) 例句例句 Im fed up with your endless complaint

20、s. 我受夠了你無休止的埋怨。我受夠了你無休止的埋怨。 聯(lián)想聯(lián)想 be tired of對對感到厭倦感到厭倦 be bored with對對厭倦了厭倦了 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語完成英文句子根據(jù)漢語完成英文句子。 我有點受夠了漫無目標的生活我有點受夠了漫無目標的生活。 Im kind of _ _. 越來越多的人受夠了城市里污濁的空越來越多的人受夠了城市里污濁的空 氣而選擇搬到鄉(xiāng)村去住氣而選擇搬到鄉(xiāng)村去住。 _ , a growing number of people are moving to the countryside. fed up with life without Fed up wit

21、h the polluted air in the city purpose 原句原句 She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 快到目的地的時候快到目的地的時候, 一陣香氣撲鼻一陣香氣撲鼻, 她她 不往前走了不往前走了, 停了下來。停了下來。(B8 P43) 6. arrest vt. 逮捕逮捕; 吸引吸引 n. 逮捕逮捕; 拘留拘留 例句例句 His amazing performance arrested any wanderin

22、g eye of the audience. 他的精彩表演吸引他的精彩表演吸引 了所有觀眾的眼球。了所有觀眾的眼球。 搭配搭配 arrest sb. for（doing）sth. 因（做）因（做） 某事逮捕某人某事逮捕某人 under arrest被捕的；在押被捕的；在押 arrest ones attention吸引某人的注吸引某人的注 意力意力 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語完成英文句子。根據(jù)漢語完成英文句子。 新政策實施后新政策實施后, 很多人因醉酒很多人因醉酒 駕駛而被拘留了。駕駛而被拘留了。 _ drunk driving after_ _. Many people were arrested

23、for the new policy was carried out 森林大火給生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來的森林大火給生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來的 負面影響引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。負面影響引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。 The negative impact caused by forest fires _ _. has arrested public attention 原句原句 can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago. 有有3000至至5000年的歷史了。年的歷史了。 (B8 P44) 例句例句 The history of firework can dat

24、e back to over 2, 000 years ago. 爆爆 竹大約有竹大約有2000多年的歷史了。多年的歷史了。 7. date back to 追溯到追溯到；起源于；起源于 比較比較 說明說明 date back（to）常用主動形）常用主動形 式，多用一般現(xiàn)在時。式，多用一般現(xiàn)在時。 date back to=date from 追溯到；追溯到； 從從就有就有 date back to+時間點時間點=date back+ 時間段追溯到時間段追溯到 運用運用 句型轉(zhuǎn)換或翻譯句子。句型轉(zhuǎn)換或翻譯句子。 The history of Guangdong can date back to

25、 5000 years ago.= The history of Guangdong _ _.from 5000 years ago/can date back 5000 years can date 寫作句型仿寫寫作句型仿寫 原句原句 If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year! 她今年她今年 要是早有預(yù)見要是早有預(yù)見, 計劃得更好些就好了。計劃得更好些就好了。 (B8 P43) 1. if only要是要是就好了就好了 例句例句 If only I had more money, I could buy some bo

26、oks. 如果我有更多如果我有更多 的錢就好了的錢就好了, 我可以買些書。我可以買些書。 仿寫仿寫 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 要是我們有充分利用時間好好復(fù)習(xí)就要是我們有充分利用時間好好復(fù)習(xí)就 好了！好了！ If only we had made full use of our time to make good preparations (for the test)! 但愿我們都能在高考中取得好成績！但愿我們都能在高考中取得好成績！ If only we all would do a good job in the college entrance examinat

27、ion! 原句原句 Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.突突 然間她坐了下去然間她坐了下去, 但又被她那又笑但又被她那又笑 又叫的妹妹盧娜一把摟了起來。又叫的妹妹盧娜一把摟了起來。 (B8 P43) 2. only to 結(jié)果結(jié)果; 卻卻 例句例句 He wanted to speed up, only to be drowned in the crowd. 他想要加快他想要加快 速度速度, 結(jié)果卻被人群淹沒結(jié)果卻被人群淹沒, 寸步難行。寸步難行。 說明說明 不定式短語用作結(jié)果狀語，表不定式短語用作結(jié)果狀語，表 示意料之外或不符合說話人期望的結(jié)示意料之外或不符合說話人期望的結(jié) 果。這種結(jié)構(gòu)常在不定式前加上果。這種結(jié)構(gòu)常在不定式前加上only 來強調(diào)驚訝與失望。來