2019北師大版選修7U20Newfrontiers知識點(diǎn)歸納.doc

1、北師大版選修7 Unit 20 New frontiers 知識點(diǎn)歸納知識點(diǎn)一：重點(diǎn)詞語1. in advance 預(yù)先，提前11. science fictions 科幻小說2. give away泄露（秘密）12. downloads 下載文件3. take over 接收（接管）13. update computers 更新電腦4. in the 19th century 在 19 世紀(jì)14. mass - production 大量生產(chǎn)5. carry out 執(zhí)行15. by mistake 錯(cuò)誤的，無意的6. in the summer of 1905 在 1905 年的夏天16.

2、 be grateful (to sb) for sth.感謝7. 100 feet long 100 英尺長17. in case以防，萬一8. manned flight 載人飛船18. end with 以 結(jié)束9. important inventions 重要的發(fā)明19. in the initial stage 在開始階段10. be associated with 有聯(lián)系的20. drop off 下降知識點(diǎn)二：核心單詞1. electronic adj電.子的This dictionary is available in electronic version這.部詞典有電子版。

3、 辨析： electric 為“電的，用電的，帶電的”，指任何電動(dòng)的或發(fā)電的裝置，被修飾的物體本身可帶電。electrical 為“電的，與電有關(guān)的”，指與電有關(guān)的事物，被修飾的詞本身并本能帶電。（ 1） Please connect the two electric wires.（ 2） He buried himself in an electrical book.（ 3） I love electronic music.2. conflict n. 沖突；矛盾 vi.發(fā)生沖突There is, in fact, no conflict.其實(shí)并不矛盾。The hours of the tw

4、o meetings conflict.這兩個(gè)會(huì)議時(shí)間發(fā)生沖突。 拓展： come into conflict 發(fā)生沖突conflict with sb./ sth 與 有分歧（ 1）中國法律與國際法律之間有分歧嗎？Do Chinese laws conflict with any international laws?（ 2）這兩個(gè)室友經(jīng)常鬧矛盾。The two roommates often come into conflict.3. instruction n使.用說明，須知（常用復(fù)數(shù)）；指令，教育，教學(xué)I read the instruction on the bottle. 我讀了瓶

5、子上的用法說明。 Instruction knows no class distinction.教育無貴賤之分。（有教無類）辨析： explanation n.解釋description n.描述 拓展： give instructions to sb./ sth.給某人發(fā)出指令（ 1） The beauty of the sunrise is beyond description（描述） .（ 2） Before taking the medicine, you ought to study the instruction（使用說明） or follow the doctors advice

6、.（ 3） Reasonable as his explanation（解釋） for his his absence sounded, I wouldntaccept it.4. wonder vi & vt. 感到驚異；好奇，想知道第 1頁n.驚異，驚嘆（不可數(shù)）；奇跡，奇觀（可數(shù)）用法：作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)， wonder 后面常接介詞 about 和 at；作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)， wonder 后面可以接“疑問詞 +不定式”或者賓語從句。Do you often wonder about the future of the world? 你是否經(jīng)常想知道未來世界會(huì)是什么樣子？All the othe

7、r passengers died in the accident. I wonder at the fact that he survived所.有其他的乘客都在事故中死了。他存活下來了，我感到很奇怪。I was wondering how to get there quickly. 我想知道怎么去那里最快。I wonder when we will set off.我想知道我們什么時(shí)候出發(fā)。 搭配：（ 1） wonder about sth. 對 感到好奇，想知道（ 2） wonder at sth.對 感到驚訝 / 奇怪（ 3） It is no wonder (that) = No w

8、onder (that).不足為奇，難怪。The children looked up in wonder at the big elephant.孩子們驚異地抬頭看那只大象。Television is one of the wonders of modern science電.視是現(xiàn)代科學(xué)奇跡之一。Her child was missing, it is no wonder she is upset她.孩子不見了，難怪她很傷心。I wonder if you can finish the job on your own.我想知道你是否可以獨(dú)立完成這項(xiàng)工作。I wonder at his ca

9、relessness對.他的粗心我感到驚訝。5. split v. 劈開，使裂開，分擔(dān)，分享n. 分裂Some kinds of wood split easily有.些木材容易劈開。Well split the cost of the petrol. 我們平攤了郵費(fèi)。 拓展：(1) split up with 斷絕關(guān)系，分離(2) split into 分成我們分成兩組搜索了樹林。We split into two and searched the forest.我決定同他絕交。 I decide to split up with him.6. cure v. 治愈，治療 n.治愈，療法Th

10、e only way to cure backache is to rest治.愈悲痛的唯一辦法是休息。When I left the hospital I was completely cured出.院時(shí)，我已經(jīng)完全痊愈了。There is still no cure for the common cold目.前仍沒有治愈感冒的良藥。提示： cure 表示治病的良藥（ =medicine）時(shí)，后面接介詞for。辨析： treat 意為“治療”，不一定治愈； cure 則指“治愈”，且與 treat 搭配不同； heal 意為“治愈”，但其多用于指治愈外傷（ wound, injury, cu

11、t, burn etc.） 搭配：(1) treat sb. for a disease治療某人的（疾病）(2) cure sb.of sb治.好某人的（疾?。㏕he only way to cure headache is to rest治.療頭疼的唯一方法就是休息。 The doctor cured his father of cancer醫(yī).生治好了他父親的癌癥。7. shortly adv不.久，很快（ =soon） 搭配：（ 1） shortly before.在 前不久（ 2） short after.在 后不久I shall be in touch with you again

12、shortly我.很快再和你聯(lián)系。The temple was rebuilt shortly after war 戰(zhàn)爭后不久，寺廟就被重建了。8. declare vt. 宣布，公告vi.聲明，表示She declared that he knew nothing about the accident她.聲稱她對這起交通事故一無所知。Jones was declared the winner瓊.斯倍宣布為冠軍。We declared for their proposal我.們聲明贊成他們的建議。 說明：可接 that 從句，也可接形容詞或名詞作補(bǔ)語。 搭配：declare for 聲明贊成d

13、eclare against聲明反對，表態(tài)反對運(yùn)用：用 declare翻譯下列句子。（ 1）他聲稱自己是無罪的。He declared that he was innocent / himself innocent / himself to be innocent.（ 2）人民生命反對這場戰(zhàn)爭。 The people declare against the war.（ 3）我現(xiàn)在宣布會(huì)議開幕。 I now declare this meeting open. 拓展：（ 1） declaration n.宣布；公布（ 2） the Declaration of Independence獨(dú)立宣言（

14、 3） announce (vt.) announcement (n.通)知；布告9. donate v捐.獻(xiàn)（ 1）她吧自己的書捐贈(zèng)給圖書館。She donated her boos to the library.（ 2）獻(xiàn)血是我們的義務(wù)。Donating blood is our responsibility. 派生： donation n.捐獻(xiàn) 聯(lián)想： collect / raise money for sb./ sth. 為某人 /某事募捐10. correspond v. 通信，符合，相當(dāng) 搭配：（ 1） correspond with sb. 和某人通信（ =communicate

15、 with sb.）（ 2） corresponded with sth. 與 相符合（ 3） correspond to sth相.當(dāng)于運(yùn)用：（ 1）他所說的跟他所做的相符合（言行一致）。What he said corresponds to what he did.（ 2）美國的國會(huì)相當(dāng)于英國的議會(huì)。The American Congress corresponded with the British Parliament.（ 3）我已多年沒跟我的老朋友通信了。I haventcorrespond with my old friend for years.11. worn adj. 破爛的

16、，損壞的；精疲力竭的 說明： worn 是 wear 的過去分詞。 拓展： worn out 破舊的，精疲力竭的 運(yùn)用：（ 1）由于她照顧年邁的母親，她疲憊不堪。She was worn out from looking after her elderly mother.（ 2）客廳里有四把破舊的扶手椅。There four worn-out armchairs in the living room.第 3頁12. meanwhile adv. 同時(shí) 拓展：表示“同時(shí)”的短語還有：in the meanwhile, at the same time 說明： meanwhile 是連接副詞，使用

17、時(shí)其前通常用分號或句號；若其前用逗號，則通常帶有并列連詞如 and 等。類似的連接副詞有： therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still, thus 等。 運(yùn)用：母親去買東西；我打掃屋子。Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house.知識點(diǎn)三：重要詞組1. single. out (for) （為特殊對待而）挑選出，找出 They all did wrong; why single him our for punishment?他們都有錯(cuò)，為何單挑他來處分？ 聯(lián)想：表示

18、“挑選出”的詞語還有select, choose, pick out等。 運(yùn)用：（ 1）這學(xué)期我們都學(xué)習(xí)不錯(cuò)，我真不明白為什么我們的英語老師單單表揚(yáng)了班長一人。I really dontsee why our English teacher should single out our monitor for praise since we have all done quite well this term.（ 3）吉利被選為最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。Jerry was singled out as the best student.2. wrestle with 努力解決（某事），同（某人）搏斗 / 扭

19、打 He has been wrestling with the difficult problem.他一直在努力解決這個(gè)難題。 He wrestled with one of his classmates他.與一個(gè)同學(xué)扭成一團(tuán)。 運(yùn)用：（ 1）昨天約翰與搶劫者進(jìn)行搏斗。John wrestled with the robbers yesterday.（ 2）他幫助她克服了她遇到的許多困難。He helped her wrestle with the difficulties she met.3. take over 接管 He wanted to take over the job.他想接管

20、這項(xiàng)工作。 Our chairman has left, so Peter will take over我.們的主席走了，彼得接任。 運(yùn)用：（ 1）當(dāng)她生病的時(shí)候他女兒從他手中接管了生意。When she fell ill, her daughter took over the business from her.（ 2）你愿意讓我替你開一會(huì)兒車嗎？Would you like me to take over the driving for a while?4. turn to 求助于，翻到 There is no body she could turn to.她求助無門。 拓展： turn

21、to sb. for help / comfort 尋求幫助 /安慰 運(yùn)用：（ 1）這個(gè)孩子想他母親尋求安慰。The child turned to his mother for comfort.（ 2）如果你遇到了困難，可以向你的老師求助。If you are in trouble, you can turn to your teacher for help.（ 3）打開書，翻到第五頁。Open your books. Turn to Page 5.5. look into 調(diào)查 （= investigate / examine） The policemen have looked into

22、 the murder case警.察已經(jīng)介入調(diào)查這件謀殺案了。 運(yùn)用：（ 1）他們成立了一個(gè)委員會(huì)來調(diào)查這一事件。They set up a committee to look into the matter.（ 2）機(jī)器出了問題，我們正在檢查。Something is wrong with the machine, we are looking into it.6. be based on/upon基于（ 1）判斷應(yīng)該以事實(shí)為依據(jù)，而不應(yīng)該依靠道聽途說。Judgment should be based on facts, not on hearsay.（ 2）這本書以一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事為原型。

23、The book is based on a true story.7. by mistake錯(cuò)誤地（ = in error） He dialed the number by mistake他.撥錯(cuò)了電話號碼。 運(yùn)用：（ 1）對不起，我拿錯(cuò)了你的鋼筆。Sorry. I took your pen by mistake.（ 2）湯姆一定是弄錯(cuò)了才拿了你的字典。Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake. 拓展： learn by onesmistake 從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn) 聯(lián)想： mistake. for. = take. for.把 誤以為 I

24、mistook the stick for a snake我.把這個(gè)棍子誤以為是蛇了。8. live on 繼續(xù)存在 / 活著；以 為主食；靠 生活(1) The southerners in China mainly live on rice中.國南方的人主要以大米為食。(2) We live on a small income我.們靠微博的收入維持生活。 拓展： live by 靠 生活 He lives by begging/ writing/ teaching.他以乞討 / 寫作 / 教書為生。 注意： live on 后接名詞，而 live by 后接動(dòng)名詞。 運(yùn)用：（ 1）他們靠捕

25、魚為生。 They live by fishing and hunting.（ 2）植物靠土壤里的礦物質(zhì)維持生命。Plants live on minerals from the earth.9. make up for彌補(bǔ)Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence勤.能補(bǔ)拙。 拓展： make up to sb巴.結(jié)某人 運(yùn)用：（ 1）我們必須努力工作以彌補(bǔ)失去的時(shí)光。W must work hard to make up for the lost time.（ 2）什么也不能補(bǔ)償他們所受的痛苦。Nothing can make up for what they have suffered.（ 3）他總是巴結(jié)他的老板。He always make up to the boss.10. not to mention 更不用說；且不說 說明：這個(gè)短語后面跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞（短語）。 He has a big house and an expensive car, not to mention a villa in France他.有一所大房子和一第 5頁輛昂貴