主謂一致和就近就遠原則

1、主謂一致和就近就遠原則主謂一致和就近就遠原則就近一致原則也稱“鄰近原則”“就近一致原則”，即：謂語與靠近的名詞、代詞（有時不一定是主語）在“人稱、人數”上一致。一、在正式文體中：1.由下列詞語連接的并列主語：“there be+句型；or either.or;nor;neither.nor;whether.or;not.but;not only.but also”等。Eg.(1) What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行為或言談與我無關。(2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都沒錯。(3)Not you

2、 but your father is to blame.不是你，而是你的父親該受責備。(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong.不僅你錯了，他也錯了。2.在倒裝句中，謂語可與后面第一個主語一致。Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.在遠處，能聽見鼓掌和人們的呼喊聲。(2) There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書。非正式文體中：有時依“就近”和“意義”一

3、致的原則；但語法上，“no one”才是主語，謂語要改成“agrees”?！皩懽髦小币话阋馈罢Z法一致”原則?？偨Y：英語就近原則短語1. There be句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk.2. Neither.nor.Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right.3. either.or.Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai n

4、ext Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday.4. not only.but also.Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Not only Anns parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.就遠原則謂語動詞與前面主語一致代表詞匯：as well as;(together/along)with;Ratherthan;except;besides;but;inclu

5、ding;in addition to;apart from例子：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.主謂一致一、 當主語后面與with,as well as,but,except,like,rather than,no less than,besides,including等+名詞或代詞連用時，謂語動詞與第一個主語保持一致。1. The teacher,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,_visiting a museum when the ear

6、thquake struck.A.was B.were C.had been D.would be2.A library with five thousand books_to the nation as a gift. A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered3.E-mail,as well as telephone,_an important part in daily communication.A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play4.Nobody but Ja

7、ne_the secret. A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known5.All but one_here just now. A.is B.was C.has been D.were二、當either.or.;neither.nor.;not only.but also.等連接并列主語時，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。6.Either you or the headmaster_the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.A.was handing out B.are to hand outC.a

8、re handing out D.is to hand out7.Not only I but also Jane and Mary_tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be三、當“the only one of+復數名詞+定語從句”，且關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數形式，當“one of+復數名詞+定語從句”，且關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用復數形式。8.He is the only one of the students who_a winner of s

9、cholarship for three years.A.is B.are C.have been D.has been9.She is one of the few girls who_in the kindergarten.A.is well paid B.are well paid C.is paying well D.are paying well四、當news,means,maths,plastics,physics等在形式上是復數概念，而在意義上是單數概念的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。10.Every possible means_to prevent the polluti

10、on,but the sky is still not clear.A.is used B.are used C.has been used D.have been used五、當分數（百分數）+of+名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數取決于of后面名詞的數。11._of the land in that distrcit_covered with trees and glass.A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifth;areC.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;are六、the number of.(.的數目)短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式；當a number of.(許多.)短語作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。12.The number of people invited_fifty,but a number of them_absent for different reasons.A.were;was B.was;was C.was;was D.w