2017中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解-專(zhuān)題三、環(huán)境保護(hù)

1、專(zhuān)題三、環(huán)境保護(hù)（2017山東萊蕪）chow do you deal with plastic bags from the supermarket? throw them away or recycle them? how about eating them?the bags are no harmful to the environment. humans and animals can safely eat them. indian company envigreen has made a bag with natural materials. it looks and feels jus

2、t like plastic, but can broken down （分解） easily.ashwath hedge who set up the envigreen company spent four years doing experiments （實(shí) 驗(yàn)）with 12 natural materials. they include potato, corn,vegetable oil and banana. he made the material into liquid（液體）and used the liquid to make the bag.although the e

3、nvigreen bag is more expensive than a common plastic bag, it has many advantages. according to the wall street journal, it takes 1,000 years for common plastic bags to break down. but an envigreen bag can naturally break down in less than 180 days.it also breaks down in less than a day in water, and

4、 in less than a minute in boiling water. hedge was happy to show it in his interview, he put an envigreen bag in water and ate it with a smile.there are more than 15,000 tons of pla stic waste in india every day. but only 9,000 tons are processed. in china, 3 billion plastic bags are used every day.

5、 maybe the envigreen bag could be a solution（解決方法）to be world problem of plastic pollution.46. according to paragraph 2, we can know the following except _.a. the envigreen bag can break down easilyb. the envigreen bag is made from natural materialsc. the envigreen bag can be eaten by humans and ani

6、malsd. the envigreen bag is a little harmful to the environment47. the main idea of the third paragraph is “ _ ”.a. what hedge thinks of the new bagb. how hedge makes the envigreen bagc. who sets up the envigreen companyd. how long it takes hedge to make the bag48. the underlined sentence in paragra

7、ph 4 shows that the envigreen bag _.a. is safe and can break down quicklyb. is useful although it is more expensivec. looks and feels like a common plastic bagd. will be used more widely than a common bag49. the envigreen bag breaks down fastest in _.a. hot air b. cold water c. boiling water d. natu

8、ral air50. from the last paragraph, we can infer(推斷) _.a. all of indias plastic waste is processedb. india has the most plastic waste in the worldc. china produces more plastic waste than indiad. the envigreen bag may help solve the problem of plastic pollution題材：環(huán)境保護(hù)【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了 ashwath hed

9、ge 實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)明了一種人們和動(dòng)物可以食用的包裝袋，這種包裝袋對(duì)環(huán)境不再有危害，易溶解，特別是在水中溶解得更快。它雖 然比普通塑料包裝袋價(jià)格貴一點(diǎn)，但是其優(yōu)點(diǎn)很多。這種包裝袋可能是解決世界上塑料污染 的有效辦法。46. d 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)第二段，我們可以了解到下列（信息中）除了 _之外。根據(jù)第二段第一句“the bags are no harmful to the environment”可知，這種包 裝袋對(duì)環(huán)境沒(méi)有危害。故選項(xiàng) d 說(shuō)法“the envigreen bag 對(duì)環(huán)境有點(diǎn)危害”錯(cuò)誤。故選 d。 47. b 【解析】段落大意題。題干意為：第三段的主要觀(guān)點(diǎn)是“_”。通

10、讀第三段可知， 該段主要介紹的是 ashwath hedge 四年來(lái)如何實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了 12 種天然物質(zhì)，制作出這種環(huán)保 包裝袋的。故選 b。48. a 【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：第四段中的畫(huà)線(xiàn)句子表明 the envigreen bag_。 選項(xiàng) a. “安全，并且溶解快”；選項(xiàng) b.“盡管有點(diǎn)貴，但是很有用”；選項(xiàng) c.“看起來(lái)、摸 起來(lái)像普通的塑料袋”；選項(xiàng) d“將會(huì)比普通塑料袋使用更廣泛”。畫(huà)線(xiàn)句意為“hedge 在采 訪(fǎng)中很開(kāi)心地展示了他的這項(xiàng)發(fā)明，他把這種包裝袋放在水里，微笑地吃掉它”。故推斷該 包裝袋安全無(wú)毒，人們可以食用，消化溶解快。故選 a。49. c 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題

11、干意為：the envigreen bag 在_ 情況下溶解得最快。根 據(jù)第四段中的“it also breaks down in less than a day in water, and in less than a minute in boiling water”可知，這種包裝袋在沸水里溶解得最快，不到一分鐘便溶解了。故選 c。 50. d 【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：從最后一段我們可以推斷_。通讀最后一段可 知，印度每天使用的大量塑料袋只有一多半被特殊處理過(guò)，不是全部被處理過(guò)；該段并未提 到“在世界上印度浪費(fèi)塑料最多”，印度塑料浪費(fèi)數(shù)量用的是重量單位；中國(guó)每天塑料袋的 使用量用的是數(shù)

12、量單位，二者無(wú)法直接比較，故選項(xiàng) a，b 和 c 都錯(cuò)誤；由最后一段最后一 句 maybe the envigreen bag could be a solution to be world problem of plastic pollution. 可知， the envigreen bag 可能會(huì)幫助人們解決塑料污染問(wèn)題。故選 d。(2017浙江衢州)dheritage(遺產(chǎn))is traditional customs, culture and beliefs(信仰). we use the world “heritage” in many different ways. people

13、talk about their family heritage, their city s heritage, and their countrys heritage.today, heritage is changing. the internet connects people around the world. in many ways this is a good thing, because we can learn about the heritage of other countries, and we can show our own heritage to the worl

14、d. however, some people worry that traditional heritage is disappearing. think about it. in many ways, countries are becoming more and more alike(相似的). in just about every country around the world, you can find macdonald s, nike shoes, starbucks coffee, and american movies. some people think this is

15、 a good change, and others dont like it. you can decide whether or not you think it s a good thing. however, everyone wants to protect their traditional heritage, and sometimes this is hard. for example, when a new macdonalds opens in your town, a traditional restaurant might have to close.this is w

16、hy heritage protection is so important. heritage protection is a simple idea. it means keeping your countrys or your city s heritage alive. people do this in many ways. the biggest part of heritage protection is probably preserving(保護(hù) )old buildings. a few other examples ofheritage protection are ma

17、king sure your children speak your traditional language, and teaching your heritage to children.the world is changing very fast. this change brings a lot of good things. but as the world is changing, it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents.42. the examples in the

18、 second paragraph are used to_.a. describe peoples love for heritageb. show the importance of heritagec. help people better understand heritaged. express the writers feeling about heritage43. according to the passage, many countries are becoming_.a. great b. similar c. large d. friendly44. which of

19、the following is part of heritage protection?a. learning from each other b. using the internetc. keeping traditional language alive d. building new houses45. which of the following is the writers opinion?a. heritage is changing a lot nowadays.b. the internet connects people around the world.c. it is

20、 important to remember the heritage of our parents.d. people watch american movies in about every country.題材：遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)【主旨大意】遺產(chǎn)指?jìng)鹘y(tǒng)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、文化和信仰?，F(xiàn)在世界變化很快，很多國(guó)家都變得類(lèi) 似，所以保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐奶赜械摹鹘y(tǒng)的東西變得非常有必要。42. c 推理判斷題。第二段所舉的例子是世界上許多國(guó)家在很多方面已經(jīng)變得非常類(lèi)似，作 者舉這個(gè)例子幫助人們更好地理解遺產(chǎn)。故選 c。43. b 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“in many ways, countries are becoming

21、 more and more alike( 相似 的).”一句可知很多國(guó)家變得類(lèi)似了(similar)。故選 b。44. c 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文第三段“a few other examples of heritage protection are making sure your children speak your traditional language ”一句說(shuō)明確保孩子說(shuō)他們傳統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)言也是一場(chǎng) 保護(hù)的一部分，和選項(xiàng) c 所述一致。故選 c。45. c 觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。短文最后一句“it is important to remember the heritage of our parents

22、 and our grandparents”說(shuō)明記得父母親的遺產(chǎn)是很重要的，和選項(xiàng) c 所述一致。故選 c。(2017浙江嘉興舟山) baround the world, there are about 7,000 national parks. most of them cover huge areas of land where nobody lives. however, the national parks in england include places where people live and work, as well as wild areas where there ar

23、e few human activities.the national parks in england are called “englands breathing spaces” because they are places where people can go to be in the open air, away from the dirt and noise of cities. they provide wonderful scenes of mountains, woods, grasslands and wetlands. and there are plenty of a

24、ctivities to do in all of the national parks in england. visitors can walk or ride bikes for fun. many of the parks put on activities for families.every year there are about 110 million visitors to the parks, bringing many benefits( 益處) to theareas. at the same time, it creates problems too. first,

25、life can be difficult for local people. car parks and roads are too crowded. gift shops and cafes take the place of many everyday shops. even house prices in some areas can become too high. besides, country roads can be damaged, for too many people walk, cycle or ride horses on them. roads can be re

26、built, but then they look less natural. another big problem to the national parks is litter. in the parks it is a danger to wild animals. broken glass can also cause fires by focusing the rays of the sun. such fires in wild places can be out of control._?_ all national parks in england are making mo

27、re rules, which tell people how to take good care of their environment. if these rules are followed, the national parks will be well kept and continue to give pleasure to many people for a very long time.34. visitors to the national parks in england can_.a. give food to wild animals b. drive cars on

28、 the grasslandsc. enjoy fresh air and peaceful time d. have fun farming with local people35. the third paragraph mainly tells us_.a. the problems of the national parks b. the pollution caused by visitorsc. the development of the national parksd. the benefits brought by visitors36. which of the follo

29、wing is the best sentence to fill in the blank in paragraph 4?a. what can people get b. how can people helpc. what are the national parks like d. how are the national parks set up37. the passage is probably taken from the _ part of a magazine.a. transport b. wildlife c. history d. geographyb 題材：環(huán)境保護(hù)

30、【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了英國(guó)國(guó)家公園地理位置、生態(tài)環(huán)境和旅游為 英國(guó)國(guó)家公園帶來(lái)的好處和弊端，并且相關(guān)部門(mén)已經(jīng)制定了規(guī)則制度，旨在保護(hù)包括英國(guó) 國(guó)家公園在內(nèi)的所有公園的環(huán)境。34. c【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句中的away from the dirt and noise of cities 可知，英國(guó)國(guó)家公園是位于一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離沙塵和城市喧囂的地方，因此人們到英國(guó)國(guó)家公園來(lái) 可以呼吸新鮮的空氣和享受平和寧?kù)o的時(shí)光。故選 c。35. a 【解析】段落大意題。根據(jù) every year there are about 110 million visitors to the

31、parks, bringing many benefits( 益處) to the areas. at the same time, it creates problems too 可知每年 到英國(guó)國(guó)家公園來(lái)旅游的游客人數(shù)眾多，給公園的環(huán)境造成了一定的破壞。故選 a。 36. b 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段文章羅列了游客旅游對(duì)英國(guó)國(guó)家公園的環(huán)境造成的 問(wèn)題以及第四段后說(shuō)制定了相應(yīng)制度，說(shuō)明保護(hù)英國(guó)國(guó)家公園的環(huán)境需要有得到大家的幫 助。故選 b。37. d【解析】推理判斷題。這篇文章主要講了英國(guó)國(guó)家公園的位置、生態(tài)和環(huán)境問(wèn)題，因 此文章應(yīng)該來(lái)自于地理雜志。故選 d。b (2017 江蘇蘇州)

32、last summer, maria and her mother moved from their house in the countryside to a flat building in chicago. maria really liked some things about the city, but she missed her house and yard in the countryside.one day? maria was in her flat building when she noticedher neighbor, mrs. garcia， carrying a

33、 gardening tool and a bag ofsoil. maria wondered how mrs. garcia was able to garden in thecity.“my mom used to grow the most delicious vegetables, and iknow she miss es her garden now that we dont have a yard,” saidmaria.mrs. garcia laughed. “ill show you,” she said.maria thought that mrs. garcia wo

34、uld take her to the park,but she took her to the roof ( 屋頂). when the door opened，maria was surprised to see rows of flowers and vegetables on theroof.“what a wonderful garden!” said maria.mrs. garcia told maria that for a long time the roof was just an empty space. then some of the people in the bu

35、ilding asked the owners to turn it into a community garden. the building owners liked the idea because the plants not only helped to keep the air clean, but they also helped to keep the building cooler during warmer weather.“i plant flowers in my own place,” mrs. garcia said, “but you would be surpr

36、ised by how different the plants are up here. some people grow vegetables just like your mom. you can do some of the same things in the city as in the countryside. you just have to be creative!”28. which of the following is not the advantage of the community garden?a. it used the empty space well. b

37、. it helped keep the air clean.c. it helped keep the building cooler. d. it made the building stronger.29. after maria visited the garden, she would most probably ask her mom to _.a. go back to the countryside b. pick flowers from the gardenc. grow vegetables on the roof d. show her around the park3

38、0. what is the best title for this passage?a. a creative lady b. a rooftop gardenc. an empty roof d. a special buildingb 題材：興趣與愛(ài)好【文章大意】本文是故事類(lèi)的記敘文。介紹了城市的屋頂花園。同時(shí)也提到了該創(chuàng)意的幾點(diǎn) 好處。本文與八上的第四單元的內(nèi)容 do it yourself 相關(guān)。28. d 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二節(jié)的第一句話(huà) mrs. garcia told maria that for a long time the roof was just an

39、 empty space 可知 a 正確；根據(jù)該段的最后一句話(huà) the building owners liked the idea because the plants not only helped to keep the air clean, but they also helped to keep the building cooler during warmer weather 可知 b 與 c 正確；本文沒(méi)有提到 d。 故選 d。29. c 【解析】推理判斷題。本文先介紹了 maria 一家去年從鄉(xiāng)下搬到城市后，她媽媽非常 惦念鄉(xiāng)下的小花園，現(xiàn)在她們沒(méi)有庭院可種蔬菜了。此次，mar

40、ia 參觀(guān)了這個(gè)花園后，她最 有可能叫她母親也在屋頂上種蔬菜。故選 c。30. b 【解析】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了城市的屋頂花園，因此本文的最佳標(biāo)題是“屋 頂花園”。故選 b。c (2017 江蘇泰州)a new rubbish sorting system (垃圾分類(lèi)系統(tǒng)) has been put into use in fangchengyuan community in beijing. local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put qr codes ( 二維碼) on it.“when the rubbish is

41、collected and the codes are seen, i will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money,” one of the local people told reporters. “its really creative and encouraging.”this smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in beijing. the capital of china has joined a list of c

42、ities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. for example, shenzhen and shanghai have made laws to punish people and organizations for not sorting rubbish correctly.china produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. much of the rubbish is buried ( 填埋) in soil or burned without bei

43、ng sorted. landfills (填埋場(chǎng)) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. and burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.whats more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economi

44、c benefits ( 經(jīng)濟(jì)利 益). for example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.japan has a strict and detailed system. when people throw away a water bott

45、le, the cap, the wrapper (包裝紙) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins. every year, families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. they are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.in australia,

46、every family is provided with three rubbish binsthe red lid (蓋子) bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves. on the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the th

47、ings that are allowed inside. it makes recycling quite easy.41. what will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in fangchengyuan community?a. a computer. b. a car. c. a lot of money. d. some small gifts. 42. which of the following is not the consequence (后果) of burying rubbish?a. polluting soil. b. polluting water.c. taking up