【TPO小站】托福聽(tīng)力的6種題型精解11頁(yè)

1、托福聽(tīng)力的6種題型精解BBS.TPOOO.COM托福聽(tīng)力題型 主旨題功能題結(jié)構(gòu)題細(xì)節(jié)題推理題態(tài)度題 1：GIST QUESTION主旨目的題 什么是主旨目的題？主旨題分為內(nèi)容主旨和目的主旨 如何識(shí)別主旨目的題？What are the students mainly discussing? What is the main topic of the talk? What is the lecture mainly about?What is the talk mainly about?What is the main purpose of the lecture?What is the pro

2、fessor mainly discussing? 文章的主旨解決之道：（1）聽(tīng)準(zhǔn)開(kāi)頭 ； （2）把握對(duì)話目的； （3）對(duì)于演講，敏感開(kāi)頭句型； （4）捕捉全文重復(fù)（主題決定細(xì)節(jié)，細(xì)節(jié)反映主題）； （5）訓(xùn)練關(guān)鍵詞的敏感（大多是名詞和動(dòng)詞）適應(yīng)于長(zhǎng)對(duì)話 文章的主旨展開(kāi)方式（1） 直接展開(kāi)：l today we are going to talk aboutl Id like to begin my lecture by introducingl lets focus onl lets now take a look at（2） 問(wèn)答式展開(kāi)：l how are companies typical

3、ly structured? l Do you remember what they are? l How can you understand it? l Why does human being consider it important?（3） 全文關(guān)鍵詞總結(jié) 選項(xiàng)特征l 正確選項(xiàng)標(biāo)志詞：history, development, background, information, growth, origin, features, characteristics, invention, creation, innovation, evolution, era, trend, compar

4、ison, classification等l 干擾選項(xiàng)特征：Too general: an idea that is beyond the focus of the conversation or lecturetoo specific: a supporting detail instead of a main ideainaccurate: not true, or only partially true, according to the speakersirrelevant: about something that the speakers dont mention2：DETAIL

5、QUESTION細(xì)節(jié)題 什么是細(xì)節(jié)題？require the listener to understand and remember explicit details or facts that are important as an explanation or an example of the main idea. These details are typically related, directly or indirectly, to the gist of the text, by providing elaboration, examples or other support.

6、 如何識(shí)別細(xì)節(jié)題？What problem does the man have? ETSAccording to the conversation, what are two ways in which bacteria cells get resistance genes?Why does the professor talk about Platos description of society? 細(xì)節(jié)題的考查點(diǎn)（1） 時(shí)間細(xì)節(jié)l 年份、月份、星期、四季的說(shuō)法l 注意細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)應(yīng)的事件（2） 地點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)l 國(guó)家名稱（縮寫(xiě)、中文）l 美國(guó)地名（3） 名詞細(xì)節(jié)l 文章中出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)名詞前后的特點(diǎn)l 記

7、住名詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)候的發(fā)音（4） 方位細(xì)節(jié)l 注意方位詞的說(shuō)法l 注意方向詞的說(shuō)法（5） 數(shù)字細(xì)節(jié)l 注意逗號(hào)原則的應(yīng)用l 注意分?jǐn)?shù)，小數(shù)，百分?jǐn)?shù)的說(shuō)法l 注意數(shù)字修飾的名詞（6） 顏色形狀細(xì)節(jié)l 常見(jiàn)的顏色詞匯l 常見(jiàn)的形狀詞匯（7） 態(tài)度細(xì)節(jié)l 注意點(diǎn)評(píng)一個(gè)事物所用的形容詞l 注意正負(fù)態(tài)度評(píng)價(jià)（8） 人名細(xì)節(jié)l 積累常見(jiàn)名人人名的發(fā)音l 注意人名的前后一致性（9） 雙選細(xì)節(jié)l 注意并列的原因、建議、結(jié)果、陳述、特點(diǎn)l 注意序數(shù)詞和表示順序的短語(yǔ)（10） 圖片細(xì)節(jié)l 常見(jiàn)的會(huì)出現(xiàn)圖片學(xué)科：生物學(xué)，植物學(xué)，地理學(xué)，地質(zhì)學(xué)，氣象學(xué)l 抓住圖片中的要素：大小，形狀，顏色，方向，方位，特點(diǎn)l 筆記中記錄下

8、圖片3：PURPOSE QUESTION功能題 什么是功能題？the question type often involves replaying a portion of the listening passage. 如何識(shí)別功能題？What does the professor imply when he says this: (reply)What can be inferred from the professors response to the student?What is the purpose of the womans response?Why does the stude

9、nt say this? 托福聽(tīng)力中的常見(jiàn)功能：（1） Explanation: Simply put/ Lets put in this way/ I think I should/ you mean（2） Conclusion: now to sum/ wrap up my speech（3） Suggestion: you should have done something better（4） Inspiration: come on, you are supposed to know this（5） Emphasis: please bear in mind that/ Rhetor

10、ical question（6） Correcting mistake: Excuse me, Actually, Did I say XXX? I mean YYY. Oh, wait a minutes, What am I saying? wait a minute/ I made a slip of tongue4： ATTITUDE QUESTION態(tài)度題 什么是態(tài)度題？you may be asked a question about the speakers feelings, likes and dislikes, or reason for anxiety or amusem

11、ent. Also included in this category are questions about a speakers degree of certainty: is the speaker referencing a source or giving a personal opinion? Are the facts presented generally accepted or are they disputed? 如何識(shí)別態(tài)度題？What can be inferred about the student?What is the professors attitude to

12、ward?What is the professors opinion of ?What can be inferred about the student when she says this:What does the woman mean when she says this:態(tài)度題的Tips:(1) 語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)調(diào)，重讀，小詞；(2) 把握態(tài)度上的肯定還是否定；(3) 喜歡還是厭倦；(4) 有興趣還是沒(méi)有興趣；(5) 滿意、不滿意還是受挫； 托福聽(tīng)力中的常見(jiàn)態(tài)度：（1） Awful: woops! Uh-uh! Oh, no! Oh, dear! Oh, shoot!（2） Remind:

13、I dont think you will do/ I was wondering if you will do something/ I dont imagine if you do/ you havent done something, have you?（3） Pity: what a shame/ thats too bad./ Im sorry to hear that/ tough luck（4） Eulogy: Fabulous=Fab; Magnificent=Magnif; Glamorous=Glam; Excellent; Terrific; Awesome; Amazi

14、ng; Fantastic; Incredible; Outstanding; Superb; Charming; Good job（5） to the professor: Fascinating; Catching; Instructive; Stimulating Thought-provoking;（6） Surprise: Gee! Jesus! My dear! Boy! Jesus Christ! Man! Oh, my God! Gosh! Oh, my! What! Dear me!（7） Tactful refuse: Sounds great, but/ Sounds l

15、ike fun, but/ thats tempting, but/ I wish I could, but/ Id love to, but/ Id really like to, but/ I would (if I could), but/ I meant to, but/ I have been meaning to (do something), but/ I should have, but5：ORGANIZATION QUESTION結(jié)構(gòu)題 什么是結(jié)構(gòu)題？in understanding organization questions you may be asked about

16、the overall organization of the listening passage, or you may be asked about the relationship between two portions of the listening passage. 如何識(shí)別全文結(jié)構(gòu)題？How is the information in the lecture organized?How does the professor clarify the points he makes about Mexico? 新托福演講文章的四種典型結(jié)構(gòu)（1） 直線型結(jié)構(gòu)（2） 并列結(jié)構(gòu)（3） 比較結(jié)構(gòu)（4） 對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu) 如何識(shí)別表格題？（1） 配對(duì)表格題：重要信息對(duì)號(hào)入座，側(cè)重于考察多個(gè)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件的對(duì)應(yīng)段落中主要論點(diǎn)下的各分支及各分支定義和主要特點(diǎn)（2） 判斷表格題：側(cè)重于考察哪些信息提到?jīng)]提到（注意記錄文中列舉的主要觀點(diǎn)舉例）（3） 排序表格題：側(cè)重于考察對(duì)過(guò)程步驟地把握6：INFERENCE QUESTION推理題 什么是推理題？You usually have to reach a conclusion based on facts presented in the listening passage. 如何識(shí)別推理題？What can