2020北京朝陽高三(上)期中英語含答案

1、2020北京朝陽高三（上）期中英 語2020. 11(考試時(shí)間90分鐘 滿分100分)本試卷共10頁?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，25分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。One Mother to AnotherOn Wednesday evening, our daughter, who was at a boarding school over 200 kilometers away, told us that she ha

2、d lost her phone when she took part in an activity off campus. We realized that we had little chance of finding it.The next morning, my phone beeped (嗶嗶響) loudly. A kind voice announced that she had something that belonged to my daughter. I 1 that I lived a three-hour drive away, and told her I woul

3、d ask a friend to fetch the phone. My daughter had written my number on the inside of her phones casegood thinking! After contacting the people I know who lived near the school, I was out of 2 no one could go and 3 the phone, not surprisingly as it was the working day and everyone was busy. I decide

4、d to ask the lady to post the phone to my daughter. But when I sent her a text to ask if this would be OK, she replied, “We will 4 it and were going to drive down to the boarding school tonight.” To my 5 , this wonderful couple, who had already spent a busy day at work, was making a round trip on th

5、e night, 6 for returning a phone to a complete stranger. How touching it was!I gave them directions and they 7 the phone into the hands of my daughter at her boarding house. The only word of an explanation was, “Ive got children of my own, and I know how a mother 8 .”We had thought that the chance o

6、f getting back the phone was 9 , but we got it back in such a short time. It was a wonderful reminder of the good in the world and how the actions of one person can 10 the world to another. 1. A. suggestedB. reported C. explained D. argued2. A. dateB. luckC. work D. control3. A. pick up B. carry out

7、 C. hand in D. give away4. A. findB. showC. miss D. take5. A. regretB. surpriseC. amusement D. disappointment6. A. especiallyB. certainly C. definitelyD. probably7. A. conductedB. arrangedC. deliveredD. identified8. A. doubtsB. interests C. predicts D. worries9. A. freeB. slim C. hard D. fair10. A.

8、tellB. face C. mean D. join第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分, 共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AI love my campus very much. It has a lot of buildings traditional in Chinese style but modern in equipment. Having classes in them always _11_ (make) me feel excited with the busy

9、world and relaxed about the long history of our nation. Out of the houses are beautiful gardens _12_ (surround) by trees. In the morning, we read aloud by the lake or behind the hill. The air is so fresh and sweet that very often I think how _13_ (luck) I am to study in such a beautiful campus.BWhal

10、es use sound to get information around them. By constantly _14_ (send) out sounds that hit underwater objects and come back, whales receive information. This way of using sound is called sonar. Recently, scientists have found that whales _15_ (harm) by the powerful sonar coming from ships. This prob

11、lem is being studied, and peoples level of awareness of the problem is _16_ (high) than ever before. Now ships around the world are trying to be more careful when using sonar. CRules help us live together in a community. At my local park, there is a sign that reads, “Keep off the grass.” Because our

12、 community has a need for a nice green space _17_ (relax), we are expected to keep our park clean and in good condition for everyones enjoyment. If one person breaks the rules, more people _18_ (follow) him and do what they want. In a community, rules are in place to protect everyone. What we do and

13、 _19_ we act affect everyone, not just ourselves. We need rules in order to live _20_ (safe).第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 AArbeia Roman Fort (城堡) and MuseumLocation and HistoryArbeia Roman Fort is situated on Hadrians Wall. It was the most impo

14、rtant structure built by the Romans in Britain, and now it has been a World Heritage (遺產(chǎn)) Site. Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrians Wall. The fort has been gradually uncovered and some original parts have been reveale

15、d. There are reconstructions that show how Arbeia Roman Fort would have looked. The ReconstructionsThe reconstructions of the Commanding Officers house and soldiers quarters are strikingly different. The accommodation for soldiers is dark and uncomfortable, while the Commanding Officers house is spa

16、cious and luxurious, with courtyards with fountains for him and his family to enjoy.The MuseumVisit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. You

17、 can also discover how the Romans buried their dead and see tombstones (墓碑) which survive to this day. There is a “hands-on” area allowing visitors to dig on a certain site and study their findings with the help of museum staff. You can piece together pottery (陶器), or try writing just as the Romans

18、would have done. For children, they can build this ancient Roman fort with building blocks by themselves.Opening Times and Getting ThereApril 1-October 31: Monday to Saturday 10:00am-5:00pm, Sunday 2:00pm-5:00pm. November 1-March 31: Monday to Saturday 11:00am-4:00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December

19、 25-26 and January 1)Entry is free.Arbeia is only a ten-minute walk from the bus station at South Shields. Free car park nearby.Website: .uk/arbeia 21. According to the passage, Arbeia Roman Fort _.A. was related to the military B. got reconstructions around AD 160C. was built in a

20、small area in RomeD. provided a comfortable life for soldiers22. What can visitors do in the museum?A. See historical objects. B. Build tombstones for the dead.C. Write to ancient Romans. D. Try using old tools and weapons.23. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close?A. On April 1. B. On October 31. C

21、. On November 1. D. On December 26.BLearning to say “yes, and”When I first heard about the improvisation (即興交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it see

22、med like a perfect opportunity to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help. During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, wed better accept what fellow per

23、formers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong. The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and ev

24、en started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didnt grow out of the information Id presented. I

25、nstead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approachaccepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer. I got pretty excited about it.The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I wo

26、uld get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cellone that isnt behaving as expected.

27、 I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then its worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isnt to challenge data that support a preconceived (先入為主的) story, but to say “yes, and.” 24. Why did the author atte

28、nd the improvisation class? A. To get a different experience.B. To finish her Ph.D. at university.C. To give up her job as a science communicator.D. To improve her speaking and communicating ability.25. What was the authors change after attending the improvisation class?A. She formed her own idea qu

29、ickly. B. She came up with lots of creative responses.C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers.D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion.26. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to _.A. explain the process of using the methodB. pro

30、ve the benefits of the improvisation class C. share her own research experiences with readersD. attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class27. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph?A. They should attend the improvisation class.B. They should question all preco

31、nceived ideas.C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.D. They should try to improve their professional knowledge.CSuccess and Risk in Extreme SportsWhat is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for the safety of the sidelines?Lester Keller, sports-p

32、sychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Kell

33、er that “the high element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can take yourself”. He said he would get nervous on some of the courses, but that this would just make him fight more.Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline (腎上

34、腺素) rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes, Emily Cooks appetite for risk appeared at a young age. “I was a gymnast,” she said. “I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you were upside down.” As she started doing harder tricks, she was dr

35、awn to the challenge. “There are moments when youre up there doing a new trick and it seems like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just the coolest feeling in the world.”Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk

36、,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that theyve prepared for years.” Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is different from our own. “We look at a risky situation and know that if we were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes view, they have

37、 a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk.”Another aspect of risk perception (認(rèn)知) may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present. “Something that makes you try doing

38、 a tougher climb than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated on what youre doing,” Murphy says. “After its over, theres great excitement.”People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that othe

39、rs consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because thats my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition.” 28. By using the term “natural ceiling” in Paragraph 2, Lester Keller points out that _. A. extreme athletes must learn special sk

40、illsB. extreme athletes have chances to take risksC. many people dont want to do extreme sportsD. many people cant limit desire for extreme sports29. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions?A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges.B. They are more fortunate than

41、 other sportspeople. C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.D. They have special reasons that others cant easily understand.30. What main point is made in Paragraph 5?A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people dont use.B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports.C.

42、 Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks.D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely.31. We can learn from the passage that _. A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoidB. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in lifeC. extre

43、me athletes are driven by a need to be better than othersD. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people thinkDRound and Round They GoSpace is becoming more crowded. Quite a few low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites have been launched into the sky, which are designed to move around the Ear

44、th only a few hundred kilometres above its surface. SpaceX and OneWeb plan to launch LEO satellites in their thousands, not hundreds, to double the total number of satellites in orbit (軌道) by 2027.That promises to change things on Earth. LEO satellites can bring Internet connectivity to places where

45、 it is still unavailable. This will also be a source of new demand for the space economy. Morgan Stanley, a bank, projects that the space industry will grow from $350 billion in 2016 to more than $1.1 trillion by 2040. New Internet satellites will account for half this increase.For that to happen, h

46、owever, three worries must be overcome. Debris (碎片) is the most familiar concern. When enough satellites were packed into low-Earth orbits, any collision (碰撞) could cause a chain reaction which would eventually destroy all spaceships. One solution is to grab the satellites with problems and pull the

47、m down into the Earths atmosphere. Another is to monitor space more closely for debris. But technology is only part of the answer. Rules are needed to deal with old satellites safely from low-Earth orbits. Cyber (網(wǎng)絡(luò)的)-security is a second, long-standing worry. Hackers (黑客) could take control of a sa

48、tellite and steal intellectual property, redirect data flows or cause a collision. The satellite industry has been slow to respond to such concerns. But as more of the worlds population comes to rely on the space for access to the Internet, the need for action will intensify. Measures will surely be

49、 taken to protect network security.The third issue follows from the first two. If there is a simple mistake or a cyber-attack, it may cause a chain reaction which wipes out hundreds of billions of dollars of investment. Who is responsible for that? Now the plans of firms wishing to operate large num

50、bers of satellites are being studied. But there is a long way to go before the risks are well understood, let alone priced. As space becomes more commercialized, mind-bending prospects open up: packages moved across the planet in minutes by rocket rather than by plane, equipment sent to other small

51、planets, passengers launched into orbit and beyond. All that and more may come, one day. But such activities would raise the same questions as LEO satellites do. They must be answered before the space economy can truly develop. 32. What can we learn about LEO satellites from the passage? A. They are

52、 supposed to limit the space economy. B. They are expected to increase in large numbers.C. They are designed to move beyond the Earth as far as possible.D. They are mainly intended to bring Internet connectivity to remote areas. 33. To deal with debris in space, the author suggests _. A. depending e

53、ntirely on the modern technologyB. monitoring the movement of spaceships carefully C. strengthening rules to remove old satellites safely D. destroying all the satellites with problems instantly34. What does the underlined word “intensify” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Measure. B. Increase. C. Spr

54、ead. D. Repeat.35. What is the authors attitude toward the launch of LEO satellites?A. It should be further confirmed for its ownership.B. It should be continued because of its advantages.C. It should be done carefully to avoid potential risks. D. It should be stopped in face of the space economy.第二

55、節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Our Amazing HandsThe hand is where the mind meets the world. We use our hands to build fires, to fly airplanes, and to write. The human brain, with its open-ended creativity, may be the thing that makes the human race unique. But without h

56、ands, all the ideas we think up would come to nothing. _36_ Study it carefully, you will find something interesting. The thumb (拇指) alone is controlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a group of bones and muscles connected with nerves (神經(jīng)). The nerves send branches into each fingertip, which

57、makes the fingers extremely flexible. _37_ Early hands seemed more unusual and interesting than any hand today. Some animals had seven fingers. Others had eight. But by the time vertebrates (脊椎動(dòng)物) appeared 340 million years ago, the hand had developed to only five fingers. _38_ Nevertheless, there a

58、re still many different types of hands in living animals. After years of research, scientists are beginning to understand the molecular (分子的) changes in hands. _39_ This makes the hands of different animals very similar. There is a network of many genes (基因) that builds a hand, and all hands are built on that network.The discovery has given scientists a deeper