英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一、.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式：英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)體現(xiàn)的。因此，了解動(dòng)詞的形式及其變化規(guī)律非常重要。英語(yǔ)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有以下五種形式：(1) 動(dòng)詞原形：動(dòng)詞原形在句子中形式不變。主要用于主語(yǔ)為非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，或根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)定必須用動(dòng)詞原形的其他情況。(2) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式（簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)現(xiàn)單三）：主要用于主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(3) 過(guò)去式：主要用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(4) 現(xiàn)在分詞：主要用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，或語(yǔ)法規(guī)定的其他情況。(5) 過(guò)去分詞：主要用于完成時(shí)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，或語(yǔ)法規(guī)定的其他情況。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式，即動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式、過(guò)去式、

2、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。如：workworksworkedworkingworked。它們的構(gòu)成及 形式 構(gòu)成 例詞 動(dòng)詞原形 不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式形式（也就是詞典中一般給予的形式） be, have, do, come 第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式 1在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s 2以ch, sh, s, o, x結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es 3以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y變?yōu)閕，再加-es 4以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-s 讀音：詞尾-es或-s在s 、z、t 、d 后面讀iz；在清輔音后讀s；在濁輔音及元音后讀z；在t，d后讀ts、dz。 runruns teachteaches washwashes gogoes

3、 passpasses trytries staystays 過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞（規(guī)則變化） 1在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ed 2以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y變?yōu)閕再加-ed 3以重讀閉音節(jié)一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音字母再加-ed 注：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞則要根據(jù)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表逐漸記住讀音：詞尾-ed在清輔音后讀t；在濁輔音和元音后讀d；在t和d后讀id。 workworked carrycarried stopstopped go-went-gone現(xiàn)在分詞 1在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ing 2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e再加-ing3以重讀閉音節(jié)一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔

4、音字母再加-ing 4少數(shù)幾個(gè)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要變ie為y，再加-ing readreading writewriting swimswimming diedying 二、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有16種時(shí)態(tài)，但是常用的只有9種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。下面分別介紹。1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：do/does have/has be(am/is/are)標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：often，always，usually，sometimes,never,every day ,in +時(shí)間

5、段，等。（1） 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；表示主語(yǔ)的身份和特征a. He goes to school every day. b. He is a student/handsome.(2)表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.(3)少數(shù)動(dòng)詞用于談?wù)摃r(shí)間表、節(jié)目單或日程表上所安排好的事情。此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等

6、The train leaves at 8:50. The meeting begins at seven.b. The rain starts at nine in the morning.（4) 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。常考的此類(lèi)從句有：as soon as，until，if和when引導(dǎo)的從句。a. If you come this afternoon, well have a meeting. b. When he graduates, Ill go to countryside.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：did 標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：yesterday，the day be

7、fore yesterday，.ago，last., in 1998 (1) 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)。a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast when she was at middle school.(2)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ， 也可用 “used to “ 和“would + 動(dòng)詞原形”。 I used to smoke. During the vacation I would sw

8、im in the sea.”used to “表示過(guò)去常發(fā)生而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 “be used to”+名詞（動(dòng)名詞）”表示“習(xí)慣于.a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used to swimming in winter.（3）在具體的語(yǔ)境中表示“剛剛；剛才”，而暗含“現(xiàn)在不那樣了”。Oh, its you, John. I didnt know you were here.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：will do、 shall do、 be (is、am、are) going to do標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：tomorrow，the day

9、 after tomorrow，next.，in + 時(shí)間段，in 2010等（1）表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)We will travel Beijing tomorrow.（2）幾種表達(dá)將來(lái)的區(qū)別1）“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃或打算要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者按跡象要發(fā)生的事情。We are going to have a meeting today. Its going to rain.“be to + 動(dòng)詞原形” 表示按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。The boy is to go to school tomorrow. Are we to go on with this work? “be

10、 about to“+ 動(dòng)詞原形” 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，意為 be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 We were about to leave when it rained.（3）go , come , start, move, sail, leave, arrive ,stay 等可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Dont worry.He is coming soon. Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow.（4） 某些動(dòng)詞(如come, go ,leave, arrive, start, get , stay 等)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也可

11、表示將來(lái)。（與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第（3）點(diǎn)相同。）4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：be（am/is/are）doing 標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：now, look, listen等(1) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或現(xiàn)階段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(可能中間暫停)也可用 “系動(dòng)詞 + 介詞或副詞”表示進(jìn)行時(shí)Im watching TV now.Look! He is jumping up and down.Listen! She is singing next to my house.Im writing a novel these days.The bridge is under construction. The two coun

12、tries were at war.(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與頻率副詞always，again等連用，表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情色彩 (贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。 The little boy is always making trouble. 這個(gè)小男孩總是惹麻煩。(3)有些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)還可用來(lái)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有g(shù)o, come, start, leave, arrive, move, die等。（與一般將來(lái)時(shí)的第（5）項(xiàng)相同） 5.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be(was/were) doing標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：at 8:00 yesterday 、when、 while、(1)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻、某一階段正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作He

13、was reading a novel when I came in. In 1980 he was studying in a university.英語(yǔ)中有四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))：1.表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞：love 、hate、like、care、please、prefer、know 等。2.表示存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如：appear、exist、lie (位于）、remain、seem等。3.表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞see、hear、feel（摸起來(lái)）、smell、sound、taste 4.表示一時(shí)性的動(dòng)詞accept、allow、decide、end、refuse、p

14、romise等。如：On the foot of the mountain lies a small village. 山腳下有一個(gè)小山村。 The silk feels soft and smooth. 這種絲綢摸起來(lái)又滑又軟。This kind of books sells well.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has done標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+時(shí)間段，already、yet、ever、never、so far, until now, up to now(1)表示動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在He has studied English since 1985. I have

15、 been married for 10 years.注意：表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞（如come, go , die, marry, buy 等）的完成時(shí)不能與for, since 等 表示一般時(shí)間的詞連用。(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話之前已完成，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。句中沒(méi)有具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。I have seen the film. The film is worth seeing.(3)have (has) been to 與have (has) gone to have (has) been to +某地，表示到過(guò)某地，說(shuō)明去過(guò)某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。 have (has) gone to +

16、某地，說(shuō)明去某地了，說(shuō)話時(shí)還沒(méi)有回來(lái)。 He has been to Beijing three times. 他去過(guò)北京三次。 (他已經(jīng)不在北京了)He has gone to Shanghai. 他去上海了。 （可能在去上海的路上，或已到上海，總之，現(xiàn)在不在這里）(4)句型It/This/That is the first/last time 中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is the first time Ive been here.7過(guò)去完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：had done標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：by the time, 或主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句中(1)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)

17、到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或持續(xù)下去。We had built five new houses by the end of last year.(2)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”The film had begun before I got to the cinema.I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.(3) 句型It was the first/last time中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。That was the second time that they had witnessed

18、 an accident at the crossing.8過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：should （第一人稱(chēng)）/ would + do, be (was、were) going to do表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用于主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句中。They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. 他們問(wèn)我是否很快要去廣州。She told me she would come again next week. 她和我說(shuō)她下周還來(lái)。9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)： have (has)+ been + 現(xiàn)在分詞表示現(xiàn)在以前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，還有

19、可能繼續(xù)下去。有些動(dòng)詞（work, study, live, teach 等）用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)意思差不多。但多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在這兩種時(shí)態(tài)表示不同意思I have worked here for eleven years.(到說(shuō)話時(shí)，我再這兒工作三年了)I have been working here for eleven years.（到現(xiàn)在為止，我在這兒工作三年了，有可能還繼續(xù)在這里工作）I have been writing a letter.（從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始寫(xiě)信，一直寫(xiě)到現(xiàn)在，還有可能繼續(xù)寫(xiě)）注意：表示短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（finish, marry, get up, come, go

20、等）不能用這種時(shí)態(tài)。幾種常用時(shí)態(tài)的比較1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法的比較：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.瑪麗昨晚給她的朋友寫(xiě)了封信。（信寫(xiě)完了）Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.瑪麗昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫(xiě)信。（信不一定寫(xiě)完）2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)

21、間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990 等。而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系，它可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I have seen the film. 我看過(guò)這部電影。（我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容）I saw the film last week. 我上星期看了這個(gè)電影。（只說(shuō)明上星期看了這個(gè)電影，不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況）He has lived here since 1992. 1992年以來(lái)他一直住在這里。（他現(xiàn)在還住在這里）He lived here in 1992. 1992年他住在這里。（不涉及現(xiàn)在他是

22、否還住在這里）3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別：兩者都可以表示“從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”，在含義上如著重表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果時(shí)，多用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如著重表示動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行，即動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性時(shí)，則多用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞也不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。I have read that book. 我讀過(guò)那本書(shū)了。I have been reading that book all the morning.我早上一直在讀那本書(shū)。三、 動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)1 當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)的形式叫主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式叫被動(dòng)作語(yǔ)態(tài)。構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞be + 過(guò)去分詞，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)b

23、e 表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞形式例子一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are doneYou are required to do this.一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were doneThe story was told by her.一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/will be doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are being doneThe road is being widened.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were being doneThe new tool was being made.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)should/would be doneThe

24、novel has been read.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has/have been doneHe said that the work had been finished.過(guò)去完成時(shí)had been doneHe said that the trees would be planted soon.帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be doneThe problem must be solved soon.注： 帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞在改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)保留在謂語(yǔ)后面。We always keep the classroom clean.(比較：The classroom is

25、 always kept clean.)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不可漏掉其中介副詞。be going to, used to, have to, had better變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，只需將其后的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The boy was made fun of by his classmates.Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl. 3)主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的詞。常見(jiàn)的有：a.主動(dòng)形式(need/require/want/deserve)，這時(shí)動(dòng)名詞同句中的主語(yǔ)有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。The children need looking after.

26、The windows wants /requires repairing.This point deserves mentioning.b.有些及物動(dòng)詞后須加副詞 （如：well, easily等）， 有些可不加，如：act, clean, cut, draw, lock, open, play, read, sell, shut, strike, wash, write 等。The cloth washes/ sells well.The door wont shut.The play wont act.c. 形容詞worth后直接加動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，如：The book is worth rea

27、ding twice.某些作表語(yǔ)的形容詞后，用不定式主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。The fish is not fit to eat.d. 某些感官動(dòng)詞（如：feel, look, prove, smell , sound, taste, wear等） 與形容詞連用時(shí)：The water feels very cold.The dish tastes delicious.4)以下動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的句子不能改為被動(dòng)句：a. 動(dòng)詞leave, enter, reach 等的賓語(yǔ)是表示處所、地點(diǎn)（國(guó)家、團(tuán)體，組織、軍隊(duì)）等。b. 表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如：become, benefit, cost, contain,

28、equal, fit, fail, have, lack, last, mean, suit, look like等。c. 下列不及物動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)：appear, belong to , break out, die, happen, lie, occur, rise, take place, agree with, belong to, consist of , have on, keep up with及一些固定詞組，如 keep words, lose heart, make a face等。d. 賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞，相互代詞，同源代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，抽象名詞等。5）漢語(yǔ)有一類(lèi)句子不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)

29、，在英語(yǔ)中一般可用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如：據(jù)說(shuō)It is said that 希望It is hoped that據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō)It is guessed that 必須承認(rèn)It must be admitted that必須指出Itmust be pointed out that 眾所周知It is well known that有人會(huì)說(shuō).It is supposed that 大家認(rèn)為It is generally considered that有人相信It is believed that 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is reported that四、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)做題技巧如下：1. 根據(jù)題干中的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞選擇

30、時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)須與句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一致。高考題常在題干中加入具體情景,以測(cè)試考生對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力。因此敏銳捕捉時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞,并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境,選擇出正確的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。2. 根據(jù)主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的原則選擇時(shí)態(tài)近年來(lái)的高考試題一般不再單純考查主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng),而是將其放在真實(shí)的并且符合實(shí)際的語(yǔ)境中進(jìn)行考查,也會(huì)結(jié)合強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)等其它語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行考查。 考生在根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)原則解題時(shí),要把握好以下幾點(diǎn)：在時(shí)間、條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)。 正確認(rèn)定主句動(dòng)詞及從句動(dòng)詞兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,并認(rèn)真體會(huì)命題者所給出的語(yǔ)境。 解答賓

31、語(yǔ)從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)題時(shí),考生應(yīng)熟知以下規(guī)則: 如果主句動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),則從句動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)，如果主句動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),則從句動(dòng)詞須用合適的過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)(表示客觀真理時(shí)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài))。3. 根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境選擇時(shí)態(tài)近年來(lái)高考試題對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)考查的要求越來(lái)越高,大部分試題趨向情境化、實(shí)際化?？忌蹲叫畔?理解情境,綜合運(yùn)用,靈活答題。Exercises:用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確的形式填空1. It is a fine day. The sun _(shine) brightly.（is shining/shines）2. They _(visit) the Science Museum

32、next Sunday.(will visit)3. Mr Brown _(live) in Beijing since he came to China.(has lived)4. Mr Wang _(teach) us English two years ago.(taught)5. The Smiths _( watch) TV at this time last night.(was watching)6. We _(learn) about ten English songs by the end of last term.(had learned)7. Father said th

33、at he _(buy) a new bike for me the next Friday.(would buy)8. Bill isnt here. He _(chat) with his friends in the classroom.(is chatting)9. The teacher said that the moon _(go) round the earth.(goes)10. The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it _(not rain) this Sunday.(doesnt rain)11. Listen! They _

34、(talk) about the new film.(are talking)13. My mobile phone _(steal) on a bus last week.(was stolen)14. The host _(interview) the little boy just now.(interviewed)15. The Greens _(watch) TV now.(are watching)16. He said that he _(ring) me up when he got there.(would ring)17. We _(learn) English for a

35、bout three years.(have learned/have been learning)19. The farmers _(pick) apples when I saw them.(were picking)21. The film _(begin) when I got to the cinema.(had begun)22. The girl told me that she wanted to be an English teacher when she _(grow) up.()23. _you been_(wear) glasses all the time?(Have

36、;wearing)24. Ill go home as soon as I _(finish) my homework.(finish)25. Most science books are出題時(shí)忘記刪除 _(write) in English.( are written)高考題1.（07廣東）The sun was setting when my car 31 broke（break） down near a remote and poor village.2. （08廣東）Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40results_

37、(result) in the contrary to our intention.3.（09廣東）people stepped on your feet or 34pushed_ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.4.（09廣東）Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 39was informed(inform).5.（2010廣東）After a four-day j

38、ourney, the young man33presented_(present) the water to the old man.6. （2011廣東）One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus

39、and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 (mental) disabled.Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me, looking an

40、noyedI didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him 23 his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy t

41、he rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice. It made 25 of us feel good.7. （2012廣東）Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16 (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he 17 (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York

42、 City. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 18 (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in 19 last row. 20 he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might

43、have made it a little 21 (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 22 made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked.

44、 The new boy shook his head. “Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in the class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you. ” The new boy looked at the teacher 23 a few seconds and all the other students wondered 24 the boy would do. Then he took 25 off, gave a big smile and said,

45、“Thats cool.”8. （2013廣東）One day,Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen .Suddenly,he 16 (find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son,”Go to the cillage and buy some salt,but pay a fair price for it:neither too much 17 too little.”His son lo

46、oked surprised.”Ican understand why Ishouldnt pay too much,Father,but if I can pay less, 18 not sace a bit of money?”“That would be a very19(reason)thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like outs,”Nick said.Nicks guests, 20 had heard their conversation,asked why they shoule

47、not buy sale more cheaply if they coule.Nick replied,”The only reason a man would sell sale 21 a lower price woule be because he wai desperate for money.And anyone who took adcantage of that situation woule be showing a lack of respect 22 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to pro

48、duce it.”“But such a small thing couldnt 23 (possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little ,always 25 (think) that it was only samall and not very important ,and look where we hace ended up today.”9. （2014廣東

49、） Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready. After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservatio

50、n six months_17_(early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We_18_（tell）that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, _19_ for the week after. I didnt understand_20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged _21_the reservation. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was _22_（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spar