A3新標準講義Unit1,Book3

1、個人收集整理 僅供參考學習map out: plan in detail 詳細計劃，規(guī)劃6. One had landed a job in hisb rotherasd vertisfinirgm i n MadisoAnv enue, 22. haul up: 把拖上來 end up in: 在地方結束；以告終一起去集合；集會講義 Unit 1 Discovering yourselfActive reading (1) Catching crabsPara. 11. get ones heads down: concentrate and focus on studying 埋頭學習，專

2、心學習 2. attendance: n. 出席；參加；出席人數e.g. There is a large attendance today. 今天出勤率高。同族 ：attend v. 參加，出席；照顧，護理；注意attention n. 注意 (力 )3. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five oclocink t hea ft

3、ernowone rest anding room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.譯文：我們誰都不想考全班倒數第一，那也太丟人了，因此同學們之間的 競爭壓力特別大。以前每天下午五點以后，圖書館就空無一人了，現在卻要等到天快亮時才會有空座，小伙子們熬夜熬出了眼袋，他們臉色蒼白， 睡眼惺忪，卻很自豪，好像這些都是表彰他們勤奮

4、好學的獎章。peer group pressure: 同學們之間的競爭壓力 standing room only: 僅有站立的空間，即沒有空座位，常用于體育、交通 wear the bags under one : s 熬ey夜es熬出了眼袋Para. 24. At the back of everyones mind was what we would do next, when we left university in a few months time. 解析 ：本句是復合句，句子主干為： At the back of everyone s mind was what we would

5、 do next ，其應用了完全倒裝，表示方向或地點的介詞短語 提前，主謂完全倒裝； when 在句中引導時間狀語從句。at/in the back of one s mind: 在腦海深處；在內心深處5. It wasnt alwayhisgh t fhlyer s with the top grades who knew what they were going to do. Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out.譯文

6、：并不總是那些心懷抱負、成績拔尖的高材生才清楚自己將來要做什 么，常常是那些平日里默默無聞的同學早早為自己下幾個階段的人生做好 了規(guī)劃。the high flyers with the top grades : Those who have achieved a lot and have the ability and determination to continue to be successful in their studies or job 心懷抱負、成績拔尖的高材生 impressive: a. 給人深刻印象的 同族 ： impress v.t 留下印象；使印象深刻 impress

7、ion n. 印象another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood. 譯文：有位同學在位于麥迪遜大道他哥哥的廣告公司得到了一份工作，另 一位同學寫的電影腳本已經與好萊塢草簽了合約。land a job: get a job that one wanted provisional: a. 臨時的；暫時性的 = casual, occasional, temporary同族 ： provide v.t 提供；準備；規(guī)定 provision n. 供應；規(guī)定；條款7. The most ambitious stude

8、nt among us was going to work as a party activist at alocal level. We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. 譯文：我們當中野心最大的一位同學準備到地方上當一個政黨活動家，我 們都預料他最終會當上參議員或國會議員。 ambitious: a. 有野心的；有抱負的 ；要求高的，需付出極大努力的 同族 ： ambition n. 野心；雄心；抱負party activist : 政黨活動家congress: n. 美國國會；大會詞根 ： con （t

9、ogether 一起 ） + gress （walk 行走 ） 國會；代表大會 同族 ： congressman n. 國會議員；眾議院議員同根 ：progress n. 進步 aggressive a. 挑釁的；侵略性的；積極的；有 進取心的歸類 ：the National People s Congress 全國人民代表大會 the American Congress 美國國會 8. look to: count on 指望 ；照看 = look after, take care ofPara. 3 9. criticize: v. 批評 ；評論同族 ： criticism n. 批評cr

10、itical a. 批評的；評論的；危急的10. think of: 考慮；思考 ；認為Para. 8 11. assume: v. 以為，想當然；認為 ；假定，假設；承擔 Para. 1012. brace oneself for: prepare oneself for 做好 (心理 )準備13. resistance: n. 抵制，反對 ；抵抗力考點 ： resistance to 對的阻力： The firm has to overcome its resistance to new technology. 這家公司必須克服對采用新技術的阻力。同族 ：resist v. 抵抗，反抗；忍

11、得住resistant a. (to) 抵抗的；有抵抗力的Para. 1414. kind of: sort of, somewhat, a little, to some degree, to some extent 有點兒，稍 微，在某種程度上 警 ： kind of 不是 a kind of 的簡寫，二者無關。Para. 16 15. at the moment: 此刻，目前，現在at that moment: 在那時 16. find out: figure out 找出，發(fā)現，查明 Para. 19 17. set off: set out, set forth, start out

12、, start off 出發(fā)，動身 Para. 20 18. switch off: turn off 關閉，切斷，關掉 反義 ： switch on: turn on 開啟，接通19. pick up: 撿起 ；獲得；學會；得 (病)20. attached: 系上，縛上 ；在此處作后置定語，修飾限定 rope Para. 21 21. give sb. a hand: help sb. 幫助某人Para. 2223. It wasnt just that but:not only but also 結構的變形，詳見 P12,練習 424. take off: 拿掉；脫衣；起飛；打折Para

13、. 2325. brim with: be full of, be filled with 充溢；充滿警 ： brim 是不及物動詞，故不能像 fill with 一樣用被動形式。 26. dozens of: lots of, heaps of, large quantities of, scores of 許多Para. 25 27. just as: just when 正當時候；此處 just 來修飾連詞 as，加強語氣，不是 復合連詞 just as“正如” 28. reach out: 伸出 ；聯(lián)系29. without luck: with success 沒成功Para. 27

14、30. Not only did the crab give up its lengthy struggle to escape, but it actually began to help stop other crabs trying to escape. 解析 ：but : not only 提前， 其引導的句子要用部分倒裝形式， but (also) 引導的句子不倒裝。 to escape 為不定式作后置定語，修飾限定 struggle； trying to escape 為現在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾限定crabs。Para. 2831. suggest doing sth.: 建議

15、做某事(回憶一下能接動名詞的那幾十個動詞) 32. figure out: find out 理解；明白；想出 ； work out 計算出；解決33. productive: a. beneficial 富有成效的，得益的 ； rich 富饒的，多產的同族 ： produce v. 生產 n. 農產品 production n. 生產 product: n. 產品 第 28 段參考譯文：我忽然明白了父親為什么提議早上來抓螃蟹。他看著我說： “你 可別被別人拽下來哦。 花點時間想想你是哪一類人， 你這一生希望得 到什么，回顧一下你在大學修的課程， 想想有哪些課對你個人來說最 有益。然后再想想什

16、么對你最重要， 什么最使你感興趣， 你有什么技 能。琢磨一下你想在哪里生活，你想去哪里， 想掙多少錢，想做什么 樣的工作。如果你現在不能回答這些問題， 你就得花點時間去找出答 案。你不這樣做的話，永遠都不會幸福的。 ”Para. 3234. Better get you a passport.Meaning : Youd better get you a passport.Key to Exercises in Active reading (1)Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of what happened in the

17、 crab cage.34 Choose the best answer to the questions.1. b2. c3. c4. d5. c6. aDealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1. productive2. attendance3. resistance4. ambitious5. acceptance6. script7. impressive6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the w

18、ords in Activity 5.(1) attendance(2) ambitious(3) productive(4) impressive(5) resistance(6) script(7) acceptance7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1. mortgage 2. deck 3. surf 4. coastal; defy5. lengthy8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1.

19、 b 2. a 3. b 4. b 5. b 6. a 7. b8. bActive reading (2) We are all dyingPara. 1Unit 1, Book 3個人收集整理 僅供參考學習 1. check sth. out: prove, confirm 證實，證明2. double- and triple-check: 三番五次地核實 （注意數字的翻譯， 另例：think twice 三思而行）3. kind of: sort of, somewhat, a little, to some degree, to some extent有點兒，稍微，在某種程度上 警 ：

20、 kind of 不是 a kind of 的簡寫，二者無關。 4. depend on: 取決于 ；依賴，依靠 = rely on, count on, lean on, reckon on 5. bringer-of-the-last-breath: 令人吐出最后一口氣的死神； compound noun （復 合名詞），詳見 P12，練習 16. come-a-calling: 召喚； compound verb （復合動詞） ，詳見 P12，練習 17. I have watched death fromth es ideli,n qeuiste recently in fact, a

21、nd nothing underlines the uncertainty and absolute frailty of humanity like the untimel oyf exit a friend.譯文 ：其實我最近就曾經從局外人的角度觀察過死亡， 早逝更能表明人生的無常和生命的脆弱了。 watcsht hf.r omth es idelin: weastch sth. that is happening but are not involved in it or cannot influence it 從局外人的角度觀察 the untimel: yth ee pxreimta

22、ture death 早逝，夭亡Para. 3 8. now that: since 既然；引導原因狀語從句，謂語動詞一般為現在完成時9. Knowing that we are all budding crypt-kickers takes away all the uncertainty of life. 解 析 ： 本 句 主 語 是 動 名 詞 短 語 Knowing that we are all budding crypt-kickers ，其中還包含一個由 that 引導的賓語從句。 take aw: ay解除 ；取走；減去；外賣10. All tha ts left is th

23、e middle bit and that s down to us. 解析：本句由兩個并列句組成， 第一個分句的主語是 all thats left ，相當 于主語從句 whats left 。be down :t o bsbe .up to由 s某b人. 負責處理 ；depend on sb.取決于 11. the meat of: the main part of Para. 4 12. So those plans that you have you re going to do with your life有趣的內容，重要部分沒有什么比朋友的on the back b, yuour

24、nkneowr, the great things when the time is right ”? 解析 ：本句是省略句，相當于 So how about those plans?。 that 引導定 語從句，修飾限定 plans； the great things 作 those plans 的同位語，對其進 行解釋說明； you re going to do 是定語從句， 修飾限定 things；with your life 指“用生命” 。on the back :b 置u于rn次e要r地位源 ：我們經常說做事要看輕重緩急， 有的時候不得不把正在做的事或 計劃要做的事先擱置一邊。 美

25、國人把這叫做： to put on the back burner 。 burner 在這兒的是指做飯的爐子。 美國的廚房里， 爐臺上一般都有四 個爐口， 前面兩個， 后面兩個。 人們往往把能很快煮好的東西放在前 面爐子上煮，把一些要慢慢煮的東西放在后面的爐子上。這就是 put on the back burner 這個俗語的來源。譯文 ：所以，那些被你擱置在一邊的計劃，即那些“當時機成熟時”你會 用生命來完成的偉大事業(yè)怎么辦呢？13. It needs to be brought for awnda drodne now, this minute, pronto, in a hu,r ry

26、as quick as your little legs. will carry you解析：本句主語是 it ，指代上句的 time 。 this minute、pronto、in a hurry 與 as quick as your little legs will carry you 這幾個時間狀語都是對 now 的重 復，以示強調。 bring forw: ar提d前 ；提出 = put forward ；顯示toin a hu:r inr yhaste 匆忙as quick as your little legs: a ws qiulilc kc aas prorsysi byleo

27、 越u快越好 譯文 ：時間必須提前，必須馬上行動，就在這一刻，不能拖延，必須趕 緊，而且越快越好。14. Its official.Meani:n Thge information that 解析 ： it 在句中指代上文的 譯文 ：這是已經定了的。Para. 515. So putting you dreams on the 27. have/get a shot at （doing） sth.: have/make an attempt/chance to do sth. 有機 會做某事；嘗試做某事 Para. 7 28. make the best of: make the most o

28、f, make full use of 充分利用；盡情享用Para. 8were dying has been anno. unced 2p9.u pbatleinctllyy: ad. obviously, apparently 有目共睹地；顯然地；明顯地 同族 ： patent: a. remarkable, striking 特別明顯的；顯著的 （定語形容詞， 不作表語 ）；專利的，特許的 n. 專利權 v.t 取得的專利權Para. 930. If you can t have what you want this very second the least you can do is

29、 start the journey now, this minute, while the inspiration is high. 解析 ：本句是復合句， 句子主干為： the least you can do is start the journey if 引導條件狀語從句，真實條件，無需虛擬語氣； this very second 作條件句的時間狀語。 you can do 是省略了連接詞 that 的定語從句，修飾 限定 the least。 this minute 作 now 的同位語； while 引導時間狀語從句，意 為“在期間” 。31. It s just what we

30、do with our time, how we invest it, that determines where our lives may lead.解析 ：本句是強調句，此處強調是由 見 P12，練習 3； where 引導賓語從句，作 determines 的賓語。Para. 1032. So what I m thinking is （and this is not mif owlee acreu dlyainrg sancdi ence） our allotted time is finite, why the h earlelntNOW?解析 ：本句是復合句，主語是由 what

31、引導的主語從句，謂語是隨后的 系動詞 is，其余是表語； 表語是由 if 引導的條件狀語從句及 why 引導的特 殊疑問句構成。 We want to do NOW 是定語從句，修飾限定 things 。括 中的“ and this is not molecular science”用以表明 this is not specialized knowledge. Its not rocket science; its simple” and straightfo the h:e olnl earth 究竟，到底；用于加強語氣33. The right time is the cheque ths

32、a tpermant nevnetr layrr iivnes .t he post, i Meani:n Thge right time is like the cheque, meaning m oney has been sent, si on its way. This is often said as an excuse for late paym permanently in the post, it means the money never comes. 解析 ：本句使用了暗喻，將 the right time 比作了 the cheque。 34. It ths eg irl

33、w hok eepuss s tandinatgt h ec orneorf theC o-op looking like a spanner.Meani:n Thge right time is like the girl who keeps us standing at the corner of the Co-op. That made us look awkward and out of place. 解析 ：本句同樣使用了暗喻，這回將 the right time 比作了 the girl 。35. No amount of clock watching will change th

34、e inevitable. Meani:n Ngo matter how many times you watch your clock, the girl will inevitably not appear.36. stand sb. up: 與某人失約；未如約與某人會面 （俗稱： 放某人的鴿子 ） Para. 1237. meet sb. halfway: 遷就某人；對某人讓步 38. on offer: 提供；出售中 Para. 1339. Act now or your time will elapesned a unpd a l lays eospiua- that no one

35、can put a nam ine a dtuosty photo album. end up: 最a終s將成為 put a nam: 叫e 得to上名字were dy。ingback burner until the circumstances are right means that theyll probable never be realized. 解析 ：本句主語是動名詞短語 putting you dreams on the back burner until the circumstances are right ，其中還包含一個由 until 引導的時間狀語從句； 謂語是 me

36、an，其后是由 that 引導的賓語從句。16. We ow iet to ourselves to go out and do them now before it s too late. 解析 ：首個 it 為形式賓語 , 真正賓語是不定式 to go out and do them now 。 owe to: 對負有義務 ；歸功于，歸因于；感恩；感激歸類 ： owing to 由于 = due to, because of, on account of, thanks to17. There s only a promissor yth ant woet eareof ten not i

37、n a pos ictaisoh.n to Meani:n Tgomorrow, or the future, is like a promissory note for which you never get the cash the future never comes unless you act now and use time wisely, as if tomorrow is missor:y a ndoocutmeent giving details of your promise to pay someone a particular amount of mo

38、ney by a particular date 本票，期票歸類： check 支票= cheque bill of exchange 匯票= bill, draft be not in a position: 無to法 做d某o事 s，t不h.能做某事，不可做某事=be in no position to do sth. （ 思考類似中文諺語：不在其位不謀其政 ） 反義 ：be in a position to do sth.: 可做某事，能做某事 （在其位謀其政 ） 18. apply: vi. 適用；申請19. Tomorrow is just another version of no

39、w, an empty field that will remain so unless we start planting some seeds.Meani:n Tgomorrow is just like another version of now. It s an empty field that will remain empty unless we begin planting some seeds. 解析 ：an empty field 作 now 的同位語； 定語從句 that will remain so 修飾 限定 field ，so 指代 empty ； unless 引

40、導條件狀語從句。20. tick away: （時光）流逝，逝去； （時間 ）滴滴答答地過去21. a rear-view mirror: 后視鏡rea: rn. 后部；后邊 v. raise 培養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)；舉起22. full of “could haves”, “should haves” and “would haves ”. 解析 ：引號中部分相當于 what we could/should/would have done ，利用情 態(tài)助動詞的“自責、責備”等意，表示“遺憾、后悔”，即 regret 。Para. 623. go up: 興建（句子用的是其引申義） ；上升；增長；上大學2

41、4. cram into: pack into 把塞進25. ingeniously: ad. 制作精巧地；巧妙地 同族 詞根ingenious: a. 制作精巧的；巧妙的；靈巧的；善于發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的 ingenious = in （in） + gen （produce） + ious （ a. su.）f天生就具備的 generous a. 大方的；慷慨的 general a. 普遍的，一般的 generate v. pregnant a. 懷孕的 genius n. 天才 gentle a. 溫柔的 genuine a. 真正同根生產的 gene n. 基因 gender n. 性；性別26.

42、 skip: n. 廢料桶v.i 蹦跳 v.t 略過；跳過 歸類 ： skip classes 逃課now。what 和 how 引導的主語從句，詳we doing all the things we want to docoloured relativeUnit 1, Book 3個人收集整理 僅供參考學習1. triple 2. cemetery3. rear 4. biography5. cram 6. budding7. finite 8. elapse3. triple6. b7. a6. b7. b8. a8. b9. a4. some well-timed advice譯文：現在

43、就行動吧，不然你的時間會流逝的，而你最終將成為塵封的相冊里的一位誰都叫不上名字的灰頭土臉的窮親戚。Para. 1440. Better to leave a biography as thick as a whale omelette than an epitaph.Meaning : It is better to leave a very large biography than an epitaph, or, in other words, live a full life which is worth writing about.as thick as a whale: extreme

44、ly thick 特別厚 譯文：還是給人間留下一本像大煎蛋餅那么厚的傳記吧， 那可比僅僅留下 一塊碑銘強。Key to Exercises in Active reading (2)2 Work in pairs. Look at the title of the passage and choose the best way tocomplete the sentences.1. c 2. d 3. bReading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of the passage. 3Dealing with unfamiliar word

45、s4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.1. elapsed; cemetery 2. rear; crammed4. budding; biography 5. finite6 Answer the questions about the words.1. a2. b3. a4. a5. b7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1. a2

46、. b3. b4. a5. aLanguage in useword formation: compound words1 Find more examples of each use of hyphens in the passageW e are all dying. ? I ve dou-b alend triple-checked it. (compound verb)? budding crypt-kickers (compound noun)a rear-view mirror (compound adjective)the once-a-year holiday to Flori

47、da or Spain (compound adjective) back-burner stuff (compound adjective)standing at the corner of the Co-op (compound noun)a sepia-coloured relative that no one can put a name to (compound adjective)2 Rewrite the phrases using compound adjectives.1. a late-night party 2. a well-stocked library 3. a w

48、orld-famous professor5. a rapidly-growing population6. a free-market economy 7. a half-hour boat tripIt s what / how t(h強at調 句，強調由 what和how引導的主語從句3 Rewrite the sentences using It s what / how that 1. It s how we behave th daet termines what other people think of us.2. It s what our characters ithat

49、usually determines what sort of job we are going to end up doing.3. It isn t always what marks we get at university th daettermine what we do as a career.4. It is often what we experienced in our childhood that determines how we react to life obsl epmr s.5. It s what our genetic clock is and what ch

50、anges we make to it tha dt etermine when we die.It is / was not just that but 4 Rewrite the sentences using It is / was not just that but 1. It wasn t just th tahte shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the streets.2. It wasn t just th sahte spent all her time at college go

51、ing to parties, but she took the time to gain a first-class degree.3. It wasn juts t that they weren lits tening to what he said, but it seemed as if they weren t at all interested.4. It wasn t just th Ia wtas upset, but I felt as if I was going to burst out crying.5. It wasn t just th athte Grim Re

52、aper was intended to frighten people, but it was also a figure of fun.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 settle: v. 定居；解決(a) On the surfacesthat aren t used very often or arent cleaned.(b) Yes, it is, because the disagreement is solved and each party is satisfie

53、d with the outcome. (settle an argument: 解決爭端 )(c) Nothing, because you have paid everything that is owed. ( settle a bill: 付賬)(d) We relax in a comfortable chair and enjoy it. ( settle back: 仰坐)2 smooth: a. 平坦的；平穩(wěn)的；圓滑的(a) No, because the sea is calm. We will feel seasick if it is rough.(b) No, beca

54、use the changeover has gone well, without difficulties .(c) Not necessarily, because some people who talk confidently like that do so to trick you, like a confidence trickster or conman. (smooth talker: 凈撿好話說的人 ) 3 offer: n. 給；提出；待售v. 提供(a) We say “no”, bec awues eare refusing it. ( decline: v. 謝絕，婉

55、拒 )(b) We should say,“I apologize ” or “I m sorry ”.(c) In a store or supermarket, because the shop is offering a special price or reduction for something. ( special offer: 特價；特賣 )(d) They are intelligent, talented, gifted or creative and they will bring these kinds of qualities to their work.4 bear

56、: v. 負擔，帶給；忍受(a) No, we will remember it and consider it for a particular occasion in future. ( bear sth. in mind: 記住，牢記，記在心里 )(b) We look similar in certain physical features.(c) I can t bear to think too much about some of the problems in the world, famine, war, poverty etc. In the modern world, w

57、hy dont we just solve them?5 resistance: n. 阻力；反抗，抵抗；抵抗力(a) No, not easily. They refuse to accept the idea maybe because it just a bad idea, or they may change their mind if they understand it better.(b) The soldiers met opposition from those they were fighting against.(c) Yes, we can keep ourselves as healthy as possib