(完整版)新概念英語(yǔ)第3冊(cè)課文解析

1、新概念第三冊(cè)語(yǔ)法精粹新概念第三冊(cè)語(yǔ)法精粹第一章英語(yǔ)從句Subordi nati on英語(yǔ)從句主要有定語(yǔ)從句，狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句（主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ) 從句）一定語(yǔ)從句1 . 定語(yǔ)從句：由關(guān)系代詞 who, whom, whose, that, which; 關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why 引導(dǎo)。（下面十個(gè)句子請(qǐng)讀5遍并脫口譯出?。?. The death no tices tell us about people who have died duri ng the week.2. The man （whom） you spoke to just now is my

2、 friend.3. The building whose lights are on is beautiful.4. Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.5. The knee is the joi nt where the thighb one meets the large bone of the lower leg.6. He still remembers the day when he went to school.7. It is no n eed telli ng us the reas on why

3、you did nt finish it in time.8. He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.9. Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us En glish.10. I n the Sun day paper there are comics, which childre n enjoy.2. 只能用that和who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句A. all, nothing, anything, a few, one 做先行詞指物時(shí)B .先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，后面常跟that而不是whi

4、ch.C.先行詞前有the only, the first, the last, the next, the very等詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。D .當(dāng)先行詞是 anyone, an ybody, every one, everybody, some one, somebody 時(shí)，后面要用 who 或 whom ；All that glitters is not gold. 閃光的并非都是金子。3. as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句有兩種形式：A .引導(dǎo)限制性語(yǔ)從句。在此類定語(yǔ)從句中，as常與主語(yǔ)中作為其先行詞的such, the same或as聯(lián)用構(gòu)成，“uch. as”，the

5、 same. as ”和 “s .as ”句型，可代替先行詞。例如：We hope to get such a tool as he is using.我們希望得到他正在用的那種工具。B. as弓I導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作用與 which相同，as作為關(guān)系代詞代替整個(gè)主句。（這是語(yǔ)法考試的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)。）注意區(qū)別:as引導(dǎo)的從句用于句首、句中或句后，而 which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句不能放在句首。例如： As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.i新概念第三冊(cè)語(yǔ)法精粹據(jù)報(bào)道，一個(gè)外國(guó)代表團(tuán)將訪問(wèn)這個(gè)城市。二.狀語(yǔ)從句超級(jí)作文聯(lián)接詞及

6、詞組，全部拿下！ 原因：because, since, now that （既然）as, for, this reason. 結(jié)果：so that, so, therefore, consequently, so as to, as a result . 時(shí)間：after, before, when, while, as, until, as soon as, since, by the time, once, lately, presently, shortly after, currently, at present, nowadays . 條件：if, only if., on ce,

7、uni ess, in the eve nt （that）, in case （that）, provided that, on the con diti on that, etc. 讓步：though, although, even though（if）, no matter what / how / when whatever / however / whe never . 目的：in order that, in order to, to, 比較：than, as . as, by comparison（相比較），by contrast （相對(duì)照）.三.名詞性從句王牌要點(diǎn)：通常由that

8、或疑問(wèn)詞導(dǎo)出。1. How some mammals came to live in the sea is not know. （主語(yǔ)從句）2. The attor ney told his clie nt that they had little cha nee of wi nning the case.（賓語(yǔ)從句）3. The problem is what well do n ext.（表語(yǔ)從句）4. We have no idea that he has come back. （同位語(yǔ)從句）同位語(yǔ)（Appositive ）:同位語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，也是各類考試中的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)，同時(shí)，在

9、寫作中正確運(yùn)用同位語(yǔ) 可以使你的句型更加簡(jiǎn)潔得體。新概念英語(yǔ) 第三冊(cè)第一課有這樣一個(gè)句子：When reports came into London zoo that awild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.（當(dāng)倫敦動(dòng)物園接到報(bào)告說(shuō)，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時(shí)，這些報(bào)告并沒(méi)有受到重視。）在這里，a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London 就是同位語(yǔ)從句，它 本來(lái)應(yīng)

10、該放在 reports ”后面，這里卻被放在了謂語(yǔ)成分 came into Lon don zoo的后面，目的是讓 句型顯得更為穩(wěn)重。I 簡(jiǎn)單記憶：同位語(yǔ)從句，就是對(duì)某些名詞做講一步的解釋的句子。I was greatly shocked whe n I heard the n ews that his father died yesterday.（that引導(dǎo)的句子解釋了 news的內(nèi)容，注意：that不做任何成分）We have to face the fact that the weather is un expectedly bad.（that引導(dǎo)的句子解釋了 fact的內(nèi)容）II .

11、聯(lián)想記憶：能接同位詞從句的名詞有：belief （信仰），fact，idea，doubt，rumor （謠言），evidenee （證 據(jù)） ,con clusi on （結(jié)論），suggesti on （建議）problem , order ,an swer, discovery （發(fā) 現(xiàn)）expla nati on（解釋）,principle （原則）,possibility （可能性）,truth , promise （承諾），report （報(bào)告）,statement （聲明），kno wledge （知識(shí)），op inion （觀點(diǎn)），likelihood （可能性）大聲朗讀三遍，背

12、下即可。III .王牌要點(diǎn)：同位語(yǔ)一般由that引導(dǎo)，但也可以用關(guān)系代詞 which, who, what和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how 或 whether 引導(dǎo)。There arouse the questi on whether we could win the game.I have no idea howto expla in it.可用于四六級(jí)和托福作文,一些介詞詞組后面也能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。（非常經(jīng)典之功能句式, 不妨一試!）:on the assumption （在前提下），on the ground （由于原因），on the condition that

13、（在條件下），with the excepti on （有例外）owing to the fact （由于事實(shí)）;on the understanding （基于理解）；The young lady promised to marry the old man on the con diti on that he bought her a villa.那位年輕的女士答應(yīng)嫁給那位老頭，條件是他給她買一幢別墅。IV .分隔式同位語(yǔ)從句為了使句型平衡不至于頭重腳輕，有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句可以放到句子的末尾，（讀兩遍此定義，然后看倒句：）An idea came to him that he might wri

14、te to her to ask more information about the matter.I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie Titanic.V.同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句之區(qū)別簡(jiǎn)單記憶： 定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞 that 或 which 在句子中用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，而同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo) 詞that只起連接主句和從句之作用，不用作任何成分。示例：rve got an answer that A is right.（ 同位語(yǔ)從句，that 不做成分） Ive got an answ

15、er that surprised me a lot.（定語(yǔ)從句，that 做定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)）VI .王牌重點(diǎn)：可以充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的詞組或短語(yǔ)。1）名詞短語(yǔ)。（使句型更為簡(jiǎn)潔）Bill Cli nto n, the preside nt of America, came to Chi na to pay an official visit in 1998.Lu Xun, one of the greatest essayists in China, played an overwhelmingly important role in Chin ese literature history.2） 動(dòng)

16、名詞詞組亦可用作同位語(yǔ)：別忘了加逗號(hào)。（使句型更為流暢）rm crazy about the game, play ing baseball.Going to con cert, that sounds a great idea.3）不定式短語(yǔ)。（陌生只是掌握的開(kāi)始）The problem what to do n ext rema ins un solved.Her claim to have finished his work is nothing but a white lie.4）形容詞詞組。（有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)）All the workers, young or old, should be

17、 treated equally.Young man, short or tall, should have the right to take the opport un ity.VII.同位語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞。（重要！這是中高級(jí)寫作中不可缺少的引導(dǎo)成分）引導(dǎo)詞用來(lái)表示同位語(yǔ)與它所說(shuō)明的同位成分之間的關(guān)系：1 . namely, that it is, that is to say （也就是說(shuō)），in other words （換句話說(shuō)），or, for short 表 示等同關(guān)系。2 .such as, say, so to speak （譬如說(shuō)），in clud ing （包括），for in

18、sta nee （或 for example （e.g. / eg）,表示舉例和列舉關(guān)系。3 . especially, mostly, chiefly, or better, in particular, particularly表示突出重點(diǎn)，（在高難度閱讀中表示后面的部分為更重要或更突出的部分，是出題的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。） 測(cè)試精編I. 選擇正確選項(xiàng)：1. all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption of social scientists.A. NearlyB. That nearlyC. It is nearlyD. When n

19、early2. The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was awareshe had gone.A. where thatB. of whereC. of the place whereD. the place3. Susa n has nt writte n us for a long time. What do you supposeto her?A. that happe nedB. happe nedC. to happe nD. hav ing happe ned4. May I have t

20、he loa n?you offer good security.A. ButB. U nl essC. ProvidedD. But for5. Gorillas are quiet ani mals,they are able to make about twenty differe nt sounds.A. howB. in spite ofC. because ofD. eve n though6. The little White House in warm spri ngs was the Georgia home of Preside nt Fran kli n-D.Roosev

21、eltthere on April 12, 1945.A. who diedB. diedC. while diedD. he died7. Esse ntially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic represe ntati on ofreality.A. what it is con ceivedB. that is con ceivedC. what is con ceived to beD. that is being con ceived of8. Seeds usually germ in atethe temperature is favor

22、able.A. ifB. whereasC. as a resultD. in con seque nces9. Fran cis Prest on Blair. Jr,born in Ken tucky, lived and practiced in Missouri.A. wasB. he wasC. althoughD. who he was10. , work songs ofte n exhibit the song culture of a people in a fun dame ntal form.A. They occur where they areB. Occurri n

23、g whereC. Where they occurD. Where do they occur第二章虛擬語(yǔ)氣THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表達(dá)不可能或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，通常分為基本的三種形式。1. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬：If + did / were + ，wouldshouldcould+ do(動(dòng)詞原形)mightIf I were you, I would go abroad at on ce. (I am not you.)If he knew it now, he could help me. (He does nt know it no w.

24、)2. 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬：If + had done + ., . would (might) have done .If I had known your teleph one nu mber yesterday, I would have pho ned you.(I did nt know your telepho ne nu mber.)If you had come here a littleearlier just now, you might have met her.(You did nt come here earlier.)3. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬：(1) If +

25、should + v., . would + v.(可能性很小)(譯作 萬(wàn)一”If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home.If I should fail, what should Ido?(2) If + did / were to + v ., would + v.(完全不可能)If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.If you fini shed it in 3 minu tes, I would give you my car.4. 金牌特

26、殊重點(diǎn)：！簡(jiǎn)單聯(lián)想記憶:下列動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句”中需要用虛擬形式，即should +動(dòng)詞原形，shoud在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中要省 略( TOEFL 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn))。此類常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有： order, ask, decide, dema nd, require, recomme nd, suggest (建議)insist (堅(jiān)決要求)，advise, etc.例句： He suggested that we (should) help them with English.The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be fini shed with in ha

27、lf an hour.下列名詞后的同位語(yǔ)從句中要用“should +動(dòng)詞原形”(should可省去)的虛擬。suggesti on, order, request, dema nd, importa nee, proposal.He made a suggesti on that we (should) have a fancy dress party.I think it is a thing of importance that it (should) be done soon. It is/ was important / necessary / natural / essential

28、/ advisable / strange / surprising, ect. + that +主語(yǔ) + should + v.It is stra nge that you should say such a thi ng.It was important that you should tell me all the information.wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，as if后的狀語(yǔ)從句中，須用下列的虛擬形式:主 + wish+ （that） + 主 + did / were （指現(xiàn)在）haddone （指過(guò)去）would+ v.（指將來(lái)）Iwishthat I met my un cl

29、e now.IwishI had met my un cle yesterday.IwishI could meet my un cle tomorrow. It is （high） time that . + did / were .It is time that you went to bed. would rather that . + did / were .I would rather that you were not here now. would sooner that . + did / were .I would sooner that you got up earlier

30、.I would sooner that you were not my brother.測(cè)試精編I. 選擇正確選項(xiàng):1.1he had taught me the word, but he did nt.A. believeB. hopeC. wishD. thi nk2. The man in charge recomme nds that this matterat the meeti ng. A. would bediscussedB. will be discussed C. be discussedD.43may be discussed3. It is raining now,

31、otherwise wego out play.A. couldB. canC. mayD. will4. he come late, give him the message.A. HadB. ShouldC. WouldD. Did5. Had nt my car broke dow n, Ithe train.A. would have caught catchB. might catchC. could catchD. would6. I would have helped him if I had time, but ID. would ntA. have ntB. hadC. di

32、d nt7. The dam was built in time to protect the in habita nts from the flood;A. otherwise the damage would be bey ond measure.B. the damage, otherwise, should be very great.C. the damage could have bee n very serious otherwise.D. the damage caused, therefore, many of them homeless.8. It is n atural

33、that an employeehis work on time.A. fini shesB. finishC. can finishD. fini shs9. I would go abroad but that Ipoor.A. amB. wasC. shall beD. were10. Dont act as if youthe only pebble on the beach.A. areB. wereC. have bee nD. would be第三章代替與省略SUBSTITUTIONAND OMISSION英語(yǔ)中，為了避免不必要的重復(fù)，經(jīng)常用 so, not, to, do, d

34、oes代替前面出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞或相關(guān)內(nèi) 容。女口： He translated the article better than I did. (did 代替 wrote it)Doyou thi nk she isclever?I think so. (so 代替 she is clever)(1) 從上兩例中看出，do / does / did 代替動(dòng)詞。(2) so 與 not代替某個(gè)詞、短語(yǔ)、句子等，通常用于 hope, think, believe, expect, suppose, be afraid, fear, imagi ne, etc 后作賓語(yǔ)。E. g. Is it correc

35、t? rm afraid not. (not correct)(3) to用作不定式，常跟隨下列動(dòng)詞：want, mean, hope, expect, refuse, seem, intend, be,afraid, etc.E.g. I asked him to go to the party, but he refused to. (go to the party)do so, do that, do it 用來(lái)代替動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞，而不能代靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Eg. He gave up study ing En glish.Why did he do so? (= give up study ing

36、En glish)The dish tastes ni ce.Yes, so it does. (tastes ni ce)(此句不能用it does it或it does so,因taste屬靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞。)(5)為使語(yǔ)言精煉，避免不必要的重復(fù)，對(duì)話中常用省略形式。E.g. He is thi nki ng of buying a car?Is he?(這里,thinking of buying a car ”被省略了。) Will he come back in time?Perhaps.(省略了 he will come back in time.)測(cè)試精編I 選擇正確答案:1. Shall

37、 I wake you up tomorrow? Yes,.A. please doB. you shallC. you willD. you may2. I think records are ofte nan actual performa nee.A. as good as or better tha nB. as good or better tha nC. like good or better tha nD. as good as any other3. If he does nt come to work, he may be fired. Surely he isnt so f

38、oolishnotto realize that.A. soB. andC. butD. as4.-Dont you think Alans health has beenruined himself.by smoking?-Yes, he told meA. the factB. this thi ngC. ItD. so5.-Will you gohome tomorroweve ning?No, Imgoing to a lecture, orat least, rmpla nning.A. onB. toC. soD. It6. I slipped on the stairs, I t

39、hink my arm is broke n. Oh! I.A. do not hope soB. do not hopeC. hope not soD. hope not7. California relies mai nly on in come from fruit crops, and.A. Florida alsoB. Florida tooC. Florida is as wellD. so does FloridaB. Not much8. Have you bee n here long? A. No, not veryC. Yes, only little9. You loo

40、k happy today, Mary.A. doesB. likesD. No, only yesterdayI like my new dress and motherC. isD. do, too.10. So you are lost, little boy. Why did nt you hang on to your mothers skirt? , but I could nt reach it.A. I hanged toB. I did toC. I did nt hang toD. I tried to第四章倒裝INVERSION根據(jù)語(yǔ)法要求，把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)前，稱為完全

41、型，把助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)前, 稱為部分倒裝。1 .副詞如：in, out, dow n, there, here, off, over, away, etc. 句子倒裝。（完全倒裝，但主語(yǔ)不 能是代詞）Dow n jumped the murderer from the tenth floor.In came Miss Gree n.（特別注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)不倒裝。）Away she went!（她走了?。〩ere you are!（你在這兒！）2 . only +副詞（介詞短語(yǔ)）位于句首，句子要倒裝。Only the n did he realize that he was mi

42、stake n.Only by work ing hard can we succeed in doing any thi ng.3 . well, so, often, such, few, little放于句首，句子形成倒裝。So fine was the weather that we all went out lying in the sun.Well did I know him and well did he know me.4 .否定詞或具有否定意義的詞及詞組用在句首時(shí)，句子須倒裝。此類詞有：neither，nor，hardly，scarcely， rarely，seldom，n

43、ot，n ever， not only，barely，at no time，no where 等。 e.g. Jack could not swim.Neither could Tom.Never have I see n such a good movie.5 . as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，須倒裝。（準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，是將需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞提到as的前面。）Rich as he is, he spe nds a cent on charity.Try as he does, he n ever seems able to do the work beautifully.6 .在表示祝愿的句子中。May you

44、 make greater progress!（愿你取得更大進(jìn)步！）7 .在虛擬條件句中，連詞if省略時(shí)，句型要倒裝，即將 were, had, should等詞提到句首Were I you, I would go abroad to take adva need study.我要是你，就出國(guó)進(jìn)修了。Should he come tomorrow, he would help us to settle the problem. 他要是明天來(lái)的話，他會(huì)幫我們解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的。8 .百分特例重點(diǎn)：Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we

45、 are no Ion ger free to choose the things we want.（NCE Book III Lesson 26 ）盡管我們?yōu)樽约旱慕^好鑒賞力感到自豪，但我們已經(jīng)無(wú)法自由地選擇我們所需要的東西 了。測(cè)試精編I. 選擇正確選項(xiàng)：1. Not until the mid-nineteenth-century discovery of vast deposits of borates in the MajaveDesertrelatively com mon.A. borax becameB. did borax becomeC. and borax becomeD

46、. boraxs beco ming2. received law degrees as today.A. Never so many wome n haveB. Never have so many wome nC. The wome n arent everD. Wome n who have n ever3. the Bobs bel ongings that he carried them in a bun dle slung over his shoulders.A. Were so fewB. Few were soC. So few wereD. They were so few

47、4. Only after a baby sealis pushedinto the sea by its mothertoswim.A. how will it learnB. will it lear n howC. it will lear n howD.and it lear nshow5. Not onlya promise, but he also kept it.A. did he madeB.he madeC. did he makeD.he makes6. Nowhere in the world.A. travelers can buy so much beauty for

48、 so little as in Hawaii.B. no one can buy so much beauty for so little money as Hawaii.C. so much beauty can be bought for so little money in Hawaii.D. can travelers buy so much beauty for so little money as in Hawaii.7. No soonergone home tha n it bega n to rain heavily.A. had IB. have IC. I hadD.

49、I have8. Not for a mome ntthe truth of your story.A. he has doubtedB. he doubtsC. did he doubtD. he did doubt9. succeed in doing any thi ng. A. On ly by worki ng hard we can B. By only work inghard we can C. Only by working hard can we D. Only we can work hard10. Never before in similar circumsta nc

50、es.A. a British Prime Min ister had refused to step dow n.B. did a British Prime Mi nister have refused to step dow n.C. a British Prime Mi nister did have refused to step dow n.D. had a British Prime Minister refused to step down.11. People might avoid many accide ntsthese methods bee n adopted bef

51、ore.A. thatB. wereC. haveD. had12. arose the problem that the boy will n ever overcome the great difficulties.A. ItB. ThisC. HereD. Those第五章形容詞ADJECTIVES定義：形容詞是用來(lái)修飾名詞的詞，描述名詞的性質(zhì)、外觀、特點(diǎn)等。 功能：形容詞可以做定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)助語(yǔ)。分類：主要分為兩類：描繪性形容詞和限定性形容詞。描繪性形容詞主要用來(lái)描繪大、小、新舊、顏色、質(zhì)量等。限定性形容詞主要用來(lái)限定所修飾詞的數(shù)量、距離及范圍所屬等。1 當(dāng)形容詞修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，必

52、須與冠詞連用：a lovely girl,the n aughty boy2. 形容詞可與系動(dòng)詞連用，做表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性狀。常用系動(dòng)詞有：be , become , seem ,即pear, feel， look，taste，smell， sound， rema in，go，tur n，keep，stay, etc.The dish tastes delicious.The music sounds sweet.The milk went bad.小心陷阱 feel，smell，taste， look，keep有時(shí)可以用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，并可以用副詞修飾He looked me up and do

53、w n carefully.I tasted the soup slowly to see whether it was salty.3 .形容詞用作后置定語(yǔ)。（簡(jiǎn)單理解：一般的形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)放在名詞前面，但有些形容詞修 飾名詞時(shí)放在名詞的后面）a river n avigable （一條可通航的河）sight visible可見(jiàn)的景象pers on resp on sible （負(fù)責(zé)人）注意：resp on sible pers on （有責(zé)任心的人）the best way possible （盡可能好的辦法）the nu mber n ecessary （必要的數(shù)量）the peopl

54、e prese nt （在場(chǎng)的人）4. 只能作表語(yǔ)的形容詞1 某些表示健康狀況的形容詞。well （身體好的），ill （病的），faint （虛弱的），poorly （身體不好的） 示例： His mother has been ill for a long time.特別注意：sick是個(gè)特例。它既可做表語(yǔ)，又可做定語(yǔ)。He is sick for a couple of days.（他病兩三天了）He is a sick person.（他是個(gè)病人。）2 某些以a-開(kāi)頭的形容詞。女口： afraid （害怕的），alone （獨(dú)自的），alive （活著的），asleep （睡著的），a

55、wake （醒 著 的），aware （意識(shí)到的）The old man is alone in the house.（老人一個(gè)人在家。）The teacher is alive with enthusiasm.（這位老師熱情洋溢。）He is asleep in his mothers arms.（他在母親的懷抱中睡著了。）I have been aware of the difficulty.（我已經(jīng)意識(shí)到了困難。）5 當(dāng)一系列形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，須注意排列順序：代明形容詞+數(shù)量形容詞+性狀 形容詞+名 詞。（下圖看起來(lái)費(fèi)勁，看透了絕對(duì)實(shí)用）代明形容詞數(shù)量形容詞性狀形容詞名詞1234567891011用于冠 詞前的 形容詞冠詞序數(shù)基數(shù)性質(zhì) 狀態(tài)大小長(zhǎng)短形狀新舊 溫度顏色國(guó)籍材料名詞指示代 詞物主代 詞動(dòng)名詞不定代 詞AllthefirstonegoodbigoldblueEn glishwoodboxBothA(n)secondtwobadsmallnewyellowIn dia nstonethiscageSuchthat.