2021屆高考英語閱讀理解說明性議論性專練（附答案解析）

1、（創(chuàng)新+拓展設(shè)計）最新原創(chuàng)之高中英語閱讀理解說明性議論性專練（適用2021屆高考）Passage 1Do you want to travel this fall? Take a look at Thailands famous light festivals. These festivals (called Yi Peng and Loi Krathong) are held in November. Yi Peng is a lantern festival, and Loi Krathong is a water festival. Their dates are based on th

2、e lunar calendar, so they change every year. This year they will be held on November 2nd, 3rd, and 4th. There will be street food, fireworks, traditional dance shows, and parades.“Loi” means float, and a “krathong” is a tiny boat. It is made of banana trees and decorated with banana leaves, flowers,

3、 and candles. On the night of the full moon, families put their krathongs in the river, which will take away their worries. You can buy a krathong near the river. Then, light the candle by the river, hold it with your family or friends, make a wish, and let it go. For Yi Peng, houses and stores are

4、decorated with colorful lanterns and flags. At night, white paper lanterns are sent into the sky to get rid of bad luck. It is said that if you make a wish when you release your lantern it will come true, but only if you do good things. There are two big releases when the lanterns are set off all to

5、gether. One is free at Mae Jo University, but you need to arrive early. The other is for tourists and its not on the full moon (check in October for the final date). A ticket costs about100 USD, and you must buy a ticket earlier. You can also release a tiny boat and a lantern at any time near the ri

6、ver. When youre ready, dont forget to make a wish! Are you ready to travel this fall in Thailand?1. What can we know about Thailands light festivals?A. They cost about100 USD.B. They are always held in December.C. They take away peoples bad luck or worries.D. They are decorated with colorful lantern

7、s and flowers.2. What do people usually do during Loi Krathong?A. Buy tiny ships and pray.B. Release lanterns and enjoy.C. Dance and decorate houses.D. Eat food and enjoy the moon.3. Where is Yi Peng celebrated?A. On a farm. B. In a school. C. In the fields. D. Over the river.4. What is the text mai

8、nly about?A. The origin of Thailands light festivals.B. The benefits of Thailands light festivals.C. The popularity of Thailands light festivals.D. The introduction of Thailands light festivals.Passage 2Helping others is not only good for them and a good thing to do. It also makes us happier and hea

9、lthier too. Giving also connects us to others, creating stronger communities and helping to build a happier society for everyone. So if you want to feel good, do good!Doing things for otherswhether small, unplanned acts or regular volunteeringis a powerful way to increase our own happiness as well o

10、f those around us. The people we help may be strangers, family, friends, colleagues or neighbors. They can be old or young, nearby or far away.Giving isnt just about money, so you dont need to be rich. Giving to others can be as simple as a single kind word, smile or a thoughtful gesture. It can inc

11、lude giving time, energy, care, skills, thought or attention. Sometimes these mean as much, if not more, than financial gifts.Scientific studies show that helping others boosts happiness. It increases life satisfaction, provides a sense of meaning, increases feelings of ability, improves our mood an

12、d reduces stress. It can help to take our minds off our own troubles too.Kindness towards others is the glue which connects individual happiness with wider community and social well-being. Giving to others helps us connect with people and meets one of our basic human needsrelatedness.Kindness seems

13、to be contagious. When we see someone do something kind or thoughtful, or we are on the receiving end of kindness, it inspires us to be kinder ourselves. In this way, kindness spreads from one person to the next, influencing the behaviour of people who never saw the original act. Kindness really is

14、the key to creating a happier, more trusting local community.1. Why can giving help to build a happier society?A. It can connect us to others.B. It can make us rich.C. It can bring confidence.D. It makes us healthy.2. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. We feel no stress by helping others.B. We fe

15、el more content with life by helping others.C. Helping others removes a sense of meaning.D. Helping others makes our trouble disappear forever.3. What is more important to build a better local community?A. Happiness.B. Health.C. Kindness. D. Wealth.4. Whats the main idea of the text?A. Helping other

16、s is good for ourselves.B. Helping others matters.C. We should learn to give.D. Kindness is a good virtue.Passage 3Beijing was once a city of bikes, known as the Bicycle Kingdom for the millions of two-wheelers that dominated (支配) urban transport. Decades of remarkable economic growth, beginning in

17、the 1990s, led to a huge flood of cars in cities like Beijing. And as the economy developed, autos pushed bikes off the roads, creating heavy pollution and miserable traffic. Now, Beijing may be returning to its roots with a modern twist. Thanks to about two dozen technology start-ups, brightly-colo

18、red shared bikes have flooded Beijing since last year, dotting a normally dull cityscape with flashes of bumblebee yellow, kingfisher blue and tangerine.Costing as little as 7 cents per half-hour and designed to take people the last leg from public transport to their places of work or entertainment,

19、 the bikes have the potential to transform urban living and even shape peoples decisions about where to live and work. Those are vital issues in this area of about 20 million people, many of whom spend hours a day commuting (通勤)Riding the bikes requires only a few taps on a smartphone. Customers dow

20、nload one of thestart-ups apps,electronically transfer a deposit and then pay per ride by using a bikes individual code. Bikes that rely on mobile technology feel right at home in a place like Beijing, where even elderly people are often early adapters of technology. Some companies offer booking ser

21、vices and even GPS to enable riders to find the nearest pair of wheels. If a rider finds one, he or she can pick up the bike and then ride and drop it off anywhere he or she likes, locking the back wheel, with no need to find a stand or retie it, in contrast to city bike programs in Paris or New Yor

22、k.1.Whats the authors purpose in writing Paragraph 1?A. To talk about Beijings rapid development.B. To introduce several technology start-ups.C. To express his opinions about shared bikes.D. To tell us Beijings returning to cycling past.2. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 refer to _.A. colors of

23、bikesB. names of citiesC. brands of carsD. sights of Beijing3. How much will you pay if you ride a shared bike for one hour and a half?A. 7 cents.B. 14 cents.C. 21 cents.D. 28 cents.4. What is a must if you want to use a shared bike?A. Enough cash.B. A smartphone.C. High technology.D. GPS receiver.P

24、assage 4First-time shoppers at Seattle-based Amazon Go may feel as though they were stealing. Thats because the 1,800 square-foot grocery store, which opened its doors to the public on January 22, has no cashiers or even checkout counters. Instead, as the name indicates, customers merely grab what t

25、hey need and go! But before you start celebrating, the goods are not freethe cost of the purchase(s) is/are calculated electronically using “Just Walk Out” technology.The process is simple. Upon entering the store, shoppers “sign-in” by scanning their smart phones. Every item selected gets added to

26、the bill automatically. If the customer changes his mind, all he has to do is return the purchase to the shelf, and it will be removed from the final bill. Though consumers will not find everything they need, they will be able to buy basics like bread, milk, and drinks. There are also numerous ready

27、-to-eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner choices made by chefs in the on-site kitchen. Those that prefer to cook at home can select from the wide variety of Amazon Meal Packages.Once the customer exits the store, the system processes the purchases and charges the cost to their Amazon account. Within sec

28、onds, the customer is notified of the deal with a digital receipt that lists each item bought, as well as the time spent in the store. The accurate tracking is possible thanks to multiple smart cameras that monitor everything the shopper is doing. Kumar explains, “Cameras figure out which interactio

29、ns (互動) you have with the shelves. Computer vision figures out which items are taken. Machine-learning also determines which item it is.” The company insists that the system is so accurate that shoplifting (冒充顧客在商店偷盜) is impossible. And they should know, considering that Amazon employees have been s

30、hopping there since 2021!The store has raised some concern about the jobs of the over 3.5 million cashiers in America. However, Amazon officials say they have nothing to worry about because human employees are not being displaced. They are simply assigned other essential tasks, like preparing meals,

31、 restocking shelves, assisting customers, and solving technical issues.1. How is Amazon Go different from traditional grocery stores?A. Shoppers have to pay in cash.B. The goods are free of charge.C. Shopping is done by machine.D. Payment can be made automatically.2. What can we learn from the text?

32、A. First-time shoppers in Amazon Go dont steal.B. You must operate on a smart phone to return unwanted items.C. Jobs of cashiers will still exist in the near future.D. Shop assistants will figure out what you have bought.3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “notified”?A. Informe

33、d.B. Reminded.C. Convinced.D. Warned.Passage 5While Black Friday and Cyber Monday help start the holiday shopping season, Giving Tuesday, which will be observed on November 28, attempts to inspire the season of giving. Now in its sixth year, the charitable (慈善的) day uses the power of social media to

34、 encourage organizations and individuals to donate funds or resources to worthy causes. Its mission is to bring positive change to communities through giving.Though devoting just one day to a worthy cause may not seem much, Giving Tuesday makes a surprisingly significant impact. In 2021, ORGANIZE, a

35、n online organ ( 器 官 ) donor program asked people to “give with your heart” by becoming registered donors. Thousands of Americans listen to the cry for help, resulting in one of the largest digital donor drives in US history.That same year, the Cleveland Library and the Pratt Library in Baltimore co

36、mpeted to see who could encourage more donations. While the Pratt Library won with a $41,000 acquisition, the Cleveland Library was able to raise a fairly large amount for its programs as well. In 2021, the University of Michigan encouraged students and friends to donate to hourly challenges. They r

37、aised an amazing $5.5 million! The university hopes to recreate the magic this year, with a virtual celebration to mark the institutions 200th anniversary.Giving Tuesday is not just a US phenomenon, but a global movement. In 2021, 98 countries participated in the event, raising $177 million, a 44% i

38、ncrease over 2021, when 71 nations collected $116.7 million. These numbers can only increase as the day gains further recognition.Though donating funds is a great way to help, there are numerous other ways to support your local community. You can give back by volunteering at a nearby nonprofit or fo

39、od bank. Social media experts can do their share by spreading the information and inspiring their colleagues to get involved. Another great way to celebrate Giving Tuesday is by helping those closest to you, whether thats assisting a family member with chores or helping a neighbor with yard work.1.

40、Why is Giving Tuesday started?A. To appeal to people to perform an act of kindness.A. To promote sales of the holiday shopping season.B. To inspire the poor to have a positive view of life.C. To encourage people to donate organs for patients.2. It can be inferred from the text that .A. people donate

41、d money actively for the two libraries in BaltimoreB. the University of Michigan thought it challenging to get donationsC. Giving Tuesday hasnt been universally accepted in the world so farD. the donations to the institution were given for its 200th anniversary3. The author tries to tell the readers

42、 in Paragraph 5.A. why we need to volunteer in our local communityB. the person we will celebrate Giving Tuesday together withC. the place we should donate funds to benefit other peopleD. the ways we can give to help those who are in great needPassage 6Post-00s is a documentary about growing up. It

43、covers almost every aspect of Millennials experiences on their path toward adolescencetheir struggles with schoolwork, their relationship with peers, their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family, and their growing desire to keep a distance from their parents. But this five-

44、episode series was different from any other TV program with a similar theme.Post-00s was filmed over a period of 10 years, during which the shows makers followed a group of kids from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers. In other words, the shows “characters” grow older for r

45、eal, and their stories are all real.“Coming-of-age” stories, as theyre known, have a special appeal. They satisfy our curiosity of looking at someone elses life, and we become more and more attached to the characters as if we truly know them. And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories becaus

46、e nothing is set in advance, we also cant help but feel the cruelty of reality. After all, theres no re-writing of the script and theres no turning backthis is real life.This realness can also be seen in Boyhood, a 2021 film that won the Silver Bear award for best director at the 64th Berlin Interna

47、tional Film Festival. During a period of 12 years, the film follows the life of Mason. Jrplayed by US actor Ellar Coltranefrom when he was 6 to when he finished high school.One of Boyhoods appeals comes from its “ordinariness”. Mason Jr isnt some child genius. He is a quietly spoken, fairly typical

48、American boy, growing up in the Texas suburbs. He likes riding his bike and playing video games.While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside, they often allow us to look underneath the surface and see something extraordinarythe power of life itself.1. In the documentary, we see post-

49、00s growing experience EXCEPT .A. how they deal with their studiesB. how they help look after brothers or sistersC. how they get along with people of their ageD. how much they long to be independent of their parents2. What do Post-00s and Boyhood have in common?A. Theyre intended to win an award for

50、 best director.B. The heroes and heroines are characters themselves.C. Theyre a kind of reality show of ordinary kids growth.D. The stories are based on true life but polished by writers.3. Audience are interested in “coming-of-age” stories because _.A. they can see the truth of lifeB. they know the

51、 characters wellC. they are much fond of gossipD. they appreciate stories of daily life4. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Post-00s Are Different GeniusesB. Actors Are Ordinary CharactersC. Documentary Is Real LifeD. Life Is One Big StoryPassage 7Smokers may ignore t

52、he health warnings by telling themselves their habit makes them look cool. After all, sex symbols James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were rarely seen without a cigarette. However, the latest evidence shows that smoking actually makes you less attractive to the opposite sex. Wrinkles from smoking a cigar

53、ette may be to blame for people judging non-smokers to be better-looking.This was the result of a study asking more than 500 people to pick the most attractive of twins where one smoked and the other did not. Men found female non-smokers the most attractive in two-thirds of cases, while women chose

54、non-smoking men as the most attractive 68 percent of the time.Professor Ian Penton Voak, a co-author of the study from Bristol University, said, “People assume that smoking causes damage to the skin and appearance, but this is a really neat way of looking at it because these twins are genetically id

55、entical, so we can control the genetic factors involved in ageing. Appearance seems to be important to people, especially young people, so we could use these sorts of findings as a basis for future interventions to stop people smoking.”Smoking can speed up the normal ageing, even after only a decade

56、. Nicotine causes narrowing of the blood vessels in the outermost layers of the skin, while the chemicals in tobacco smoke damage collagen and elastin (膠原蛋白和彈性蛋白), which give the skin its elasticity (彈性)1. Why does the author mention James Dean and Humphrey Bogart?A. To persuade smokers to give up s

57、moking.B. To compare them with non-smokers.C. To tell us many people are influenced by them.D. To show his understanding and comfort smokers.2. What can we learn from Para. 2 and Para. 3?A. 500 twins were surveyed for the study.B. Probably young people pay more attention to their appearance.C. Femal

58、e non-smokers are less attractive than smokers.D. Professor Ian Penton Voak is the leading author of the study.3. What is Professor Ian Penton Voaks attitude to smoking?A. Disapproving.B. Favorable.C. Unconcerned.D. Cautious.4. What can we know from the text?A. Smokers look cooler than non-smokers.B. Smoking may speed up skins ageing.C. Smokers look younger than non-smokers.D. Smoking should be banned right away.Passage 1 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明