英語(yǔ)最常用的幾種時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配

1、.最常用的幾種時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配一般過去時(shí)yesterday(afternoon), last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now, today, this week etc.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)頻度adv.every ,on/at/over weekends, once a week 一般將來(lái)時(shí)next year, tomorrow, in the future,before long etc.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)now,right now, at present,at this moment, these days過去進(jìn)行時(shí)this mor

2、ning, the whole morning, all day, this time yesterday, from 9 to 10 last evening when, while, then etc.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently, before etc.過去完成時(shí)by the time, until, when, after, since, (long) before etc.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) all th

3、is time, this week(month.), all night(the morning), recently,及since和 for引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)過去將來(lái)時(shí)多用在間接引語(yǔ)中表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作以后的動(dòng)作一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.表示經(jīng)常習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作(頻率詞) It often snows here. He gets up at 6 every day.2.表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài) He loves sports. We are in the same class.3.表示永恒不變的真理和事實(shí)或格言警句 Knowledge is power. The sun rises in the east. 特

4、殊用法：1.按計(jì)劃(時(shí)間表/時(shí)刻表/日程表)將要發(fā)生，句中有時(shí)有將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但不用將來(lái)時(shí),要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _A_ off at 8:20. (06四川)A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken2.The train _leaves_ at three this afternoon.2.狀語(yǔ)從句“主將從現(xiàn)”時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái) “主將從現(xiàn)” if/when/until/as soon as/though.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):表示將

5、要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):表示將來(lái)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作1.If their marketing plans succeed, they _A_ their sales by 20 percent. (2008全國(guó)2)A. will increase B. have been increasingC. have increased D. would be increasing2.I _C_ leave at the end of this month. Really? I dont think you should leave until you _ another job. A. am going

6、to, find B. will, will found C. am going to, have found D. will, had found二、一般過去時(shí)1.表在過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)明示:yesterday, ago, last , just now, in 1990暗示:when I was a little girl, when he put on his coat2.描述過去的情況言外之意:只有過去如此 現(xiàn)在并非如此Edward, you play so well. But I _ you played the piano. (2009全國(guó)I) A. didnt

7、know B. hadnt known （A） C. dont know D. havent known三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Ill return you the book next week. Shell be twenty years old next year.2.表示一種傾向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作Well die without air or water. Whenever Im in trouble, hell come to help me.表示將來(lái)時(shí)的六種形式 will /shall +動(dòng)詞原形（單純的將來(lái)/說(shuō)話時(shí)的臨時(shí)決定） be going to do(客觀計(jì)劃

8、) be about to do(即將/馬上要做某事) be to do(表示職責(zé)命令,相當(dāng)于should/must;或表示“注定”)(可用于條件句中） be doing(瞬間動(dòng)詞用表將來(lái)) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作“列入日程”)1) be going to 表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的事情，而will表示談話時(shí)臨時(shí)決定的意圖，具有臨時(shí)性和偶然性。 Kate is in hospital. （A） Oh, really? I _. _ visit her. A. didnt know; Ill go and B. dont know; Ill go and C. dont know; Im go

9、ing to D. didnt know; Im going to -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? （C） -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 2) be going to 可用來(lái)表達(dá)某種跡象要發(fā)生的事。而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! Its going to rain.3) be about to do =be on the point of doing表示說(shuō)話時(shí)就要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

10、連用。 常構(gòu)成句型： be about to do when. when 并列連詞 就在這時(shí) I was about to leave when it rained. 4). be to do 表示約定,計(jì)劃be going to;職責(zé)、義務(wù);命令、要求;可以；想要；不可避免,注定要發(fā)生的事等(過去式was/were to do) be to do 可用于條件從句中 The Queen is to visit Japan in a weeks time.(計(jì)劃) You are to report to the police.(要求) You are not to make noises in

11、 the classroom.(命令) Such people are to be found everywhere. (可以) If we are to be there before ten, well have to go now.(想要) This discovery was to have a major effect on the treatment of heart disease.(注定要發(fā)生) You are to answer for what you have done. .(注定要發(fā)生) Even if the sun were to rise in the west,

12、 I would never do such a thing. (虛擬條件句)5)某些瞬間動(dòng)詞“go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 Ive won a holiday for two to Floria. I _my mum. （A） A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been 6)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，特別用于車、船、飛機(jī)等時(shí)刻表中安排好的。The plane leaves tomorrow.(盡管有tomorrow, 但沒有will

13、 ,be going to )四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(look, listen, now) We are having an English lesson now.2.短期內(nèi)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作(當(dāng)時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行) Im preparing for the test these months.3.與always, usually, all the time, forever, continually, constantly連用，表示某種情緒, You are always forgetting the important things. My teacher is forever crit

14、icizing us. My wife is asking me for money all the time.特殊用法： 1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)，常用于下列動(dòng)詞：go ,come, leave, begin, arrive ,return, fly, drive，take等。 Were moving to the new building next week. 2. 表示“存在,所有,知覺,認(rèn)識(shí),感情”等狀態(tài)的詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of , contain所有： have ,belong to , poss

15、ess, own , hold 知覺： sound(聽起來(lái)), look /seem /appear (看起來(lái)), smell(聞起來(lái)), taste(嘗起來(lái)),feel (摸起來(lái)), see ,hear認(rèn)識(shí)： understand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think情感： like, love, hate , prefer, 3.表示委婉意義 某些動(dòng)詞，如hope，want，wonder等與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用時(shí)，常探詢式地表示一種愿望或態(tài)度。此用法在語(yǔ)言上 顯得含蓄、委婉，如果改用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則顯得不那么隱諱且稍欠禮貌。 Im

16、hoping to borrow some money.我希望借些錢。 I was wondering if you could help me. 不知道你能否幫助我。 4.be有時(shí)可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)短暫的行為或表示“故意”；而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)則表示永久的特征。 You are not being modest. 你這樣說(shuō)不謙虛。You are not modest. 你不是一個(gè)虛心的人。 You are being stupid. 你在裝糊涂/你這是一時(shí)糊涂。 You are stupid 你很糊涂。 五、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1、在過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)/某一時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 標(biāo)志詞：at that time

17、/ moment / at this time yesterday2、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(作背景)+一般過去時(shí)I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident_.(06安徽) （C）A.went, was occurring B. went, occurred C. was going, occurred D. was going, had occurred六、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生直接影響Why does the Lake smell terrible? Because large quantities

18、of water _.(09福建) A. have polluted B. is being polluted （D） C. has been polluted D. have been polluted2.始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作(+時(shí)間段)標(biāo)志詞：since, so far, in the past years, in the recent years:從過去到現(xiàn)在的幾年- _ David and Vicky _ married? -For about three years. (2003北京) （C） A. How long werebeing B. How long havegot

19、C. How long have been D. How long didgetIt/This is the . time that +現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) It/This was the . time that +過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)可以和明確過去時(shí)間搭配 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可以All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _ . (2003全國(guó)) （C） A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown Danny _ hard for lon

20、g to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建)A. works B. is working （C） C. has worked D. worked七、過去完成時(shí)1 在過去之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 “過去的過去”by the end of +過去時(shí)間/be the time +從句(用一般過去時(shí)),其主句用過去完成時(shí)The film had already begun when I got there./They had left before I returned./ We had finished the work by last mont

21、h( by the time he came.)2 表示由過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一個(gè)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.3 用于hardly when ;no sooner than （一就）等句子中 Hardly had we arrived when she started complaining.4 hope ,think, expect ,intend ,mean ,suppose ,want ,imagine等用于過去完成,表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或意圖 I ha

22、d hoped to be able to take my seat in all this noise without being found.5 用于對(duì)過去假設(shè)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的從句If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you .八、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行1 在不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的情況下,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行.而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則表示動(dòng)作在過去已結(jié)束The students have been preparing for the exam. （還在進(jìn)行）學(xué)生們一直在準(zhǔn)備考試。The students

23、have prepared for the exam. （已經(jīng)結(jié)束）學(xué)生們?yōu)榭荚囎髁藴?zhǔn)備。 2 有些表示狀態(tài),感情,感覺的靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如:have, like, hate, hear, know, sound等動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如： Theyve known each other since 1970. 自從1970年起他們就相互認(rèn)識(shí)了。 3 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示現(xiàn)在以前這段時(shí)間反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。如： Weve been meeting each other quite a lot recently. 最近我們經(jīng)常見面。九、過去將來(lái)1 主要表示從過去某時(shí)看將要發(fā)生動(dòng)

24、作或存在狀態(tài) I was sure that they would succeed. He said he was going to have a try.2 在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，過去將來(lái)時(shí)可用一般過去時(shí)來(lái)代替He said he would drop in when he had time其他幾種時(shí)態(tài)的替代問題一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí) ：除了在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)外，表示現(xiàn)在已安排好的未來(lái)事項(xiàng)，行程等活動(dòng)也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。如： The museum opens at ten tomorrow.博物館明天10點(diǎn)開門。(實(shí)際上每天如此。) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替完成時(shí)：句型 “It is since”代替“It has been since ” It is (= has been) five years since we last met 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替進(jìn)行時(shí)：在全部倒裝句中都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Look, here comes Mr. Li. 時(shí)態(tài)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生事件的各種形式。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有16種時(shí)態(tài)。但常見的只有9種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。老師先給你介紹幾種，以后你可以具體地問：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法（