托福綜合寫(xiě)作高效備考攻略

1、精選word文檔 下載可編輯托福綜合寫(xiě)作是托?？荚囍械碾y點(diǎn)之一，它的難主要體現(xiàn)在融合了閱讀聽(tīng)力和寫(xiě)作三部分，那么托福綜合寫(xiě)作應(yīng)該如何高效備考呢下面就和大家托福綜合寫(xiě)作高效備考攻略，來(lái)欣一下吧。托福綜合寫(xiě)作高效備考攻略 先了解考試要求再做針對(duì)性提高了解托福綜合寫(xiě)作考試要求我們先簡(jiǎn)單摘要綜合作文題的題目要求中的若干重點(diǎn)信息。lread a passage about an academic topic and listen to a lecture about thesame topic寫(xiě)作考試前，考生需要閱讀一篇25單詞左右的文章和聽(tīng)一篇相同題材、類似長(zhǎng)度的聽(tīng)力材料;la question ab

2、out the relation between the lecture and the readingpassage考生需要書(shū)寫(xiě)一篇文章以說(shuō)明該閱讀材料和聽(tīng)力材料之間的關(guān)系;luse information from the reading passage and the lecture but no personalopinion考生在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中應(yīng)合理的使用聽(tīng)力和閱讀材料中的信息并不得加入個(gè)人的意見(jiàn)和觀點(diǎn);lbe judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness andaccuracy of the content考

3、生文章的優(yōu)劣評(píng)判將基于其行文的質(zhì)量和文章內(nèi)容的完整和準(zhǔn)確性。從上述的題目要求中我們不難看出，綜合類作文的考察要點(diǎn)在于總結(jié)歸納summarize和改寫(xiě)rewrite兩個(gè)方面。所謂總結(jié)歸納的能力也就是說(shuō)考察方希望考生能夠在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握一定長(zhǎng)度和一定難度的閱讀和聽(tīng)力材料中所涉及到的重點(diǎn)信息和論證結(jié)構(gòu);而所謂的改寫(xiě)能力則要求考生將兩部分材料中的重點(diǎn)信息和論證方式用新的語(yǔ)言和結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行展示和歸納。因此，要想將綜合類作文完整并準(zhǔn)確的完成，考生需要提高的也即使這兩個(gè)方面的能力。提升歸納總結(jié)能力是提升綜合寫(xiě)作的關(guān)鍵對(duì)于題目中給出的閱讀和聽(tīng)力材料，特別是聽(tīng)力材料，考生需要在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)把握其重點(diǎn)信息和論證

4、方法，這是綜合寫(xiě)作的第一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。但由于涉及的題材都是一些學(xué)術(shù)的文章和報(bào)道，所以在歸納方面還是有一定的規(guī)律可循，考生如能掌握以下重點(diǎn)并多加練習(xí)，必能攻破這一難關(guān)。首先，閱讀的部分往往來(lái)源于一些學(xué)術(shù)類的文章，因此其內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)往往都有很好的邏輯性和完整性，往往文章的首句會(huì)提出文章的談?wù)摫尘昂蛯?duì)象，并緊跟其后提出文章的主題，而接下來(lái)的文字則會(huì)圍繞這個(gè)主題展開(kāi)一些細(xì)節(jié)性的話題。同時(shí)，文章的最后一段也會(huì)有重點(diǎn)的觀點(diǎn)和信息，也是考生重點(diǎn)要把握的部分。而在段落中間，一般情況下，學(xué)術(shù)類文章采取歸納式(先進(jìn)行論證或舉例子后總結(jié)觀點(diǎn))和討論式(以主題句開(kāi)頭后面進(jìn)行論證)的模式，同時(shí)考生應(yīng)該要多注意表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系

5、和總結(jié)性的連接詞，把握了這些內(nèi)容，對(duì)于考生掌握閱讀材料的重點(diǎn)信息和結(jié)構(gòu)有很大的幫助。其次對(duì)于聽(tīng)力材料，這是綜合類寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中的難點(diǎn)，但考生在已經(jīng)理解了閱讀材料的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)于聽(tīng)力材料的主題就已經(jīng)有了一定的把握，因此考生需要將聽(tīng)力的重點(diǎn)放在判斷聽(tīng)力文章的觀點(diǎn)和閱讀文章的觀點(diǎn)的比較上，是互相支持還是互相對(duì)立，支持或?qū)α⒌挠^點(diǎn)分別用哪些論證手段和實(shí)例來(lái)證明。但是，由于聽(tīng)力材料不會(huì)再次出現(xiàn)，因此考生一定要在聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中過(guò)好筆記，記住關(guān)鍵性的句子和詞語(yǔ)，為此朗閣海外考試研究中心建議考生平時(shí)多做相關(guān)聽(tīng)力資料的聽(tīng)取和筆記練習(xí)。注意把握文章整體的結(jié)構(gòu)在總結(jié)了聽(tīng)力和閱讀材料的重點(diǎn)信息之后，如何能夠?qū)⑵湎嚓P(guān)性清晰并準(zhǔn)確

6、的表達(dá)出來(lái)，則是綜合類作文寫(xiě)作成功的第二步，這里就涉及到如何能夠使用具有較強(qiáng)邏輯性和完整的文章結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)此，朗閣海外考試研究中心建議考生可以自己制定相關(guān)的寫(xiě)作思維模板，將文章如何分段及每一段具體表達(dá)哪些信息固定下來(lái)，并反復(fù)練習(xí)，這樣既可以保證文章的質(zhì)量，又可以在實(shí)際的考試過(guò)程中節(jié)約構(gòu)思和思考的時(shí)間。而在構(gòu)建寫(xiě)作思維模板的時(shí)候，考生可以從以下幾個(gè)方面去考慮l第一段需要將聽(tīng)力和閱讀材料的核心內(nèi)容展示出來(lái)并點(diǎn)明兩者觀點(diǎn)是否相互支持抑或者相互對(duì)立;l第二段也即是主體段落可以分為幾個(gè)小段，分別從各個(gè)不同的角度總結(jié)并得出兩篇文字材料相互支持或者對(duì)立的證據(jù);l最后一段結(jié)尾段可總結(jié)一下主要的論證對(duì)象并重申兩份材

7、料對(duì)于該論證對(duì)象的主要看法，在這一段構(gòu)思過(guò)程中一定要注意，切忌加入自己對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的看法和觀點(diǎn)。l對(duì)于一些固定的表達(dá)，如“聽(tīng)力材料就某某問(wèn)題主要從某個(gè)角度展開(kāi)了論證”、“首先，對(duì)于閱讀材料中提出的某某觀點(diǎn)，在聽(tīng)力材料中用反例的方法提出了質(zhì)疑”、“最后，對(duì)于閱讀材料中的某一觀點(diǎn)，聽(tīng)力材料通過(guò)幾個(gè)方面的細(xì)化進(jìn)行了支持性的論證”等等在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中必用的表達(dá)，考生應(yīng)該事先就做好準(zhǔn)備，而不應(yīng)該在考試時(shí)才去匆忙思考。提高自己的英文改寫(xiě)能力談到綜合類寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中的改寫(xiě)問(wèn)題，主要有兩個(gè)方面，單詞的同義詞改寫(xiě)和句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)以及同義表達(dá)改寫(xiě)。單詞的改寫(xiě)包括同義詞改寫(xiě)、詞性改寫(xiě)，而句子的改寫(xiě)包括關(guān)系詞、連接詞的改寫(xiě)、詞

8、序的改寫(xiě)和分詞的使用等等。對(duì)于這個(gè)部分的練習(xí)，需要考生在平時(shí)閱讀英文文章的時(shí)候，多進(jìn)行相關(guān)的總結(jié)和練習(xí)。而朗閣海外考試研究中心向考生推薦平時(shí)在做閱讀和聽(tīng)力練習(xí)的時(shí)候，就可以關(guān)注材料和題目的相對(duì)信息，往往就是十分地道的改寫(xiě)方式，非常值得參考和借鑒。托?？荚囎魑莫?dú)立寫(xiě)作范文年長(zhǎng)的人和同齡人的建議更有價(jià)值嗎do you agree or disagree with the following statement: getting advice fromfriends who are older than you is more valuable than getting advice from fr

9、iendsin your same age.試題分析是否新題否重復(fù)情況北美29-3-24考題題材社會(huì)類觀點(diǎn)同意4月9日托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作思路 家長(zhǎng)會(huì)給我們提一些建議，他們教我們?nèi)绾芜x擇朋友，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們潛在的能力; 老師會(huì)給我們提一些建議，幫助我們解決學(xué)習(xí)上的問(wèn)題，指導(dǎo)我們進(jìn)行職業(yè)規(guī)劃; 導(dǎo)師會(huì)給我們提一些建議，幫助我們培養(yǎng)工作技能，管理人際關(guān)系。4月9日托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作題目getting advice from friends who are older than you is more valuable thangetting advice from friends your same age. do

10、you agree or disagree從年長(zhǎng)的朋友處得到的建議比從同齡的朋友處得到的建議更加有價(jià)值(216年4月9日)點(diǎn)睛題目大意從年長(zhǎng)的人獲得建議要比從同齡人獲得建議更有價(jià)值。此題目重復(fù)214年11月8日b卷原題，解題思路和老年人的建議有沒(méi)有價(jià)值是一樣的。波波建議選擇同意，對(duì)advice進(jìn)行拆分，拆分成工作和教育兩個(gè)角度，分別證明年長(zhǎng)人的意見(jiàn)的價(jià)值。范文參考一:【首段】 背景介紹 + 爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn) + 作家立場(chǎng)a close friend is what every individual longs after. after all, a daywithout friendship is l

11、ike a day without sunshine. a true friend should be onefrom who we can resort to for help or get valuable suggestions when we are intime of adversity. people differ greatly in their views as to whether or notguidance and advice from older friends is superior to the counterparts frompeers. as i see i

12、t, advice from elderly friends deserves more praises, althoughsuggestions from our peers are never without their merits.【二段】年長(zhǎng)的朋友的建議的利好for a start，rich life experience could be seen as a sort of preciouswealth, including those bitter or frustrating experiences. every individualgrows up via experienc

13、ing failure or dilemma, one might，at times，feelpuzzled，thereby，he or she needs advice and guidance from friends.under such circumstances, older friends could be our best teachers becausethey have accumulated a pool of life wisdom, thus, their advice could beprecious life guidance. a survey is persua

14、sive enough to justify my stand, thesurvey conducted by vista, after consulting many people have found that mostrespondents claimed that compared with communicating with peers, they prefer toget advice from elderly friends, for their suggestions could help to diminishthe likelihood of failure and av

15、oid detours【三段】年長(zhǎng)的朋友的建議的利好this debate reminds me of my uncle paul, who is a successful businessleader. my uncle had studied in new zealand for more than five years, so, hestrongly recommended me to study abroad when facing with the option of studyingat home or furthering my study in a foreign countr

16、y. his suggestion was that ayoung man could become mature, tenacious and confident by personal struggle inan unfamiliar environment.after listening to my uncles advice, i studied even harder during theprocess of self-improvement, i happily found that i can be more attentive andhave more self-discipl

17、ine. more importantly, i had a clear goal to fight for. itwas the suggestion form my uncle that helps me to hardened my heart to studyoverseas. i had deliberately chosen to lead the life i desire, for the lifewisdom learning from my uncle could be considered as a shortcut to success.【四段】年輕朋友的建議也有利好i

18、ndeed, i have to concede that suggestions from peers might still theirmerits to some extent. an argument hold by some people is that people of thesimilar age have a lot in common such as growth environment or educationalbackground, in this sense, their communication could be more convincing.furtherm

19、ore, some people might argue that the experiences of past bearlittle relevance to todays life. what i want to rebut，however，is thatyoungsters understanding about life is far from mature compared with those fromolder friends, after all, older friends are more far-sighted and wise.【尾段】再次亮明觀點(diǎn)in closing

20、, i re-affirm my conviction that guidance and suggestions frommature friends expert a far more profound and beneficial effect on onesaction.寫(xiě)作參考二:since any individual, whether young or old, will encounter various problemsand troubles throughout the whole life, it is certainly necessary to consultoth

21、ers for suggestions and solutions. nowadays many young people hold thatadvice from their peers is usually more valuable than that from people of olderage, because people at the same age are more likely to understand theirsituation. however, as far as i am concerned, it is a wise move to listen to th

22、eolder peoples suggestions, because rich experience and profound knowledgeaccumulated by older people will offer us a proper guidance in many ways,especially in the aspects of receiving education and hunting for a job.first of all, consider the educational issue. obviously, students areconstantly fa

23、ced with various upcoming problems and puzzles in the course offurthering their study. as for high school students, the would-beundergraduates, how to successful apply for an ideal university and choose apromosing major usually matters a lot. in order to unravel the above puzzels,they had better con

24、sult those people of older age who will give advices such aspassing toefl with top score and participating various extracurricularactivities. in fact, the above experience is exclusive to those who haveundergone the whole process of applying for university. also, as newcomersentering college or univ

25、ersities, the freshmen are usually confronted withvarious troubles while embarking on the brandnew campus life. to be specific,some students from disadvantaged families may be concerned about how to gainscholarship from school. the sophermores and junior students are likely toprovide practical instr

26、uctions instead of their classmates.furthermore, the same logic can apply to job-hunting. after leavingschools, graduates will enter the highly competitive job market. due to the lackof knowledge of the real working environment, they are in great need ofinstructions and suggestions from senior emplo

27、yees. to be specific, senioremployees can hold a interview training, in which students will be informed ofhow to dress up, how to write a resume and how to respond to the questions frominterviewers. also, the skills of communicating efficiently with the employersand the ability to get along well wit

28、h co-workers will be imparted to potentialemployees. on the contrary, people at the same age with us are also still feelconfused about how to seek an ideal job, thus reducing the value of thesuggestion given by them.admittedly, the generation gap between us and people of older age may posesan obstru

29、ction to communication between them. however, the above claim is farfrom the truth. with the improvement of educational background on the part ofthe elder, they are able to guide yongsters in a more acceptable way and thusthe gap between the younger and the older can be well bridged.in conclusion, t

30、he advice from the elder is of greater value than that fromthe peers, especially when we meet problems in education and career.寫(xiě)作參考三:whenever people have some difficult problems that seem to beinsurmountable, tend to seek advice or suggestions from others around them. inmy opinion, advice is better

31、obtained from people who are older than you, suchas parents, teachers and supervisors.to start with, many people have the experience that a loving parent givesthem much needed advice. for example, when children still young and immature,parents can help them choose suitable friends because they are better able tojudge peoples personalities. also as the first teachers who observe you on adaily basis, parents can easily discover childrens potential talents and givethem appropriate advice for improvement.similarly, an effective teacher