外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)含練習(xí)

1、七下英語(yǔ)重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.詞類(lèi)：物主代詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和方位介詞短語(yǔ)2.時(shí)態(tài)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)3.句型：特殊疑問(wèn)句、祈使句、感嘆句和選擇疑問(wèn)句詞類(lèi)1)物主代詞：表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞（屬于誰(shuí)的）單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)形容詞性物主代詞myyour名詞性物主代詞mineyours形容性物主代詞ouryour名詞性物主代詞oursyourshishis第三人稱(chēng)herherstheirtheirsitsits形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系：形容詞性物主代詞：必須和名詞在一起。myfather,yourteacher.物主代詞名詞性物主代詞:相當(dāng)于與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞性物主

2、代詞+名詞。thisshirtismine.=thisismyshirt.練習(xí)（1）選擇題。（）1.lookat.a.himb.hec.his（）2.idrivetotheparkeveryday.a.theyb.theirc.them（）3.classroomisbig.a.web.usc.our（）4.ilove.a.sheb.herc.hers（）5.doyouknow?a.ib.myc.me（）6.iamson.a.theyb.theirc.them（）7.thisisnot_desk.mydeskisoverthere.a.ib.myc.me（）8.canyouspell_name,

3、harry?sorry.a.youb.yourc.yours（）9.tomandjackarebrothers.thisis_room.a.theyb.themc.their（）10.weareinthesameclass._classroomisverynice.a.ourb.myc.ours（）11.mrs.greenismyteacher.im_student.a.heb.hisc.him（）12.thatsacat._nameismimi.a.itb.itsc.its（2）用括號(hào)里的代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1,mryangis_(we)teacher._(him)isfrombeijing.

4、_(his)teaches_(our)english.2,look,thereisacat._(they)islilys._(it)nameismimi.3,let_(i)tell_(she)about_(he)lifeatschool.4,thisis_(they)room.whereis_(our)?5,dontusetheeraser._is_(me).6,theladyunderthetreeis_(me)aunt._(her)oftensingswith_(she)husband2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can1.含義：表達(dá)人或物的能力，能或會(huì)2.特點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動(dòng)

5、詞原形。3.否定形式：cannot(正式用法)cant(口語(yǔ))4.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+。she/theycanswimwell.否定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+。she/theycannotswimwell.一般疑問(wèn)句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+？canshe/theyswimwell?yes,she/theycan./no,she/theycant.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+?whycanshe/theyswimwell?whocanswimwell?練習(xí)：()1)thesignonthewallmeansyous

6、tayawayfromthebuilding.a.mustb.cantc.shouldnt()2)howmanybooksyouseeonthedesk?a.mayb.canc.should()3)-youseethesignoverthere?-sorry,icant.a.canb.cantc.should4.icanrunfast.i_fast.(否定句)5.hecanplaybasketballwell.（一般疑問(wèn)句）_he_basketballwell?3)介詞over正上方onbehind/atthebackof在.后面ontheleftof.在左邊ontherightof.在右邊n

7、extto/near在附近，緊挨著inthefrontof在里面的前面under.在.正下方infrontof.在.前面between.and.在兩者之間linglingsitsbetweentonyanddaming.玲玲坐在托尼和大明之間among在三者或三者以上之間missliisamonglotsofstudents.李老師在許多同學(xué)之間注意：介詞短語(yǔ)常和be動(dòng)詞連用。時(shí)態(tài)1)一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：in+一段時(shí)間；tomorrow；inthefuture;next+時(shí)間；this+時(shí)間（表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)）be（is,am.are）goingto的用法。含義：計(jì)劃，打算做某事將來(lái)時(shí)句型結(jié)

8、構(gòu)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+benotgoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：be動(dòng)詞提前be+主語(yǔ)+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：yes，主語(yǔ)+be.否定回答：no，主語(yǔ)+benot.注意：表示計(jì)劃到某地去，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞go與going重復(fù)，一般只說(shuō)begoingto+地點(diǎn).come/go/arrive/leave等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表將來(lái)。eg:iamgoingtolondonnextyear.sheisgoingtocheckheremail.look!thebusiscomi

9、ng.由shall和will引導(dǎo)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)含義：將會(huì)特點(diǎn)：助動(dòng)詞shall和will沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動(dòng)詞原形。shall在一般將來(lái)時(shí)中，一般用于第一人稱(chēng)之后。例如：i/weshallhaveanenglishlesson.我們將有一節(jié)英語(yǔ)課。否定形式：shallnotshantwillnotwont將來(lái)時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句：主語(yǔ)+shall/will+do否定句：主語(yǔ)+shall/will+not+do（willnot可縮寫(xiě)成wont）一般疑問(wèn)句：shall/will+主語(yǔ)+do特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+shall/will+主語(yǔ)+do2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

10、或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday（昨天）,lastweek（上周）,lastmonth（上個(gè)月）,lastyear（去年）,twomonthsago（兩個(gè)月前）,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天），in1990(在1990年),inthosedays（在那些日子里）等表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。3動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)：v-ed動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母

11、的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：lose(丟失)-_make(制造)-_mean(意思)-_meet(見(jiàn))-_pay(付)-_say(說(shuō))-_sell(賣(mài))-_send(送)-_sit(坐)-_sleep(睡)-_smell(嗅)-_spell(拼寫(xiě))-_spend(度過(guò))-_stand(站)-_teach(教)-_tell(告訴)-_win(贏)-_think(想)-_understand(理解)-_begin(開(kāi)始)-_blow(吹)-_break

12、(打破)-_choose(選擇)-_do(做)-_draw(畫(huà))-_drink(喝)-_drive(駕駛)-_eat(吃)-_fall(落下)-_fly(飛)-_forget(忘)-_give(給)-_go(去)-_grow(成長(zhǎng))-_know(知道)-_lie(躺)-_ring(按鈴)-_write(寫(xiě))-_ride(騎)-_see(看見(jiàn))-_wake(弄醒)-_sing(唱)-_speak(講話)-_wear(穿)-_swim(泳)-_take(拿)-_throw(扔)-_become(成為)-_come(來(lái))-_run(跑)-_4.句式變化規(guī)則：be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：（1）am和

13、is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasnt）（2）are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=werent）（3）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句：didnt+動(dòng)詞原形，如：jimwenthomeyesterday._一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如：jimwenthomeyesterday._特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？如：jimwenthomeyesterday._考考你的掌握度：1.

14、我打算明天和朋友去野炊。i_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.i_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。what_nextmonday?i_playbasketball.what_youdonextmonday?i_playbasketball.3.nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）nancy_goingtogocamping.4.illgoandjointhem.（改否定）i_go_jointhem.5.imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_togetupat6

15、:30tomorrow?6.wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_meetatthebusstopat10:30.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.tom_(visit)afarmlastweek.2.thetwins_(water)theflowersinthegardenyesterdaymorning.3.i_(watch)afilmwithmyfriendlastfriday.4.myfather_(be)inlondonlastyear.5.what_(do)youdothreedaysago?6._(be)thereanyparksherein1

16、950?7.what_(do)youdojustnow?i_(wash)myclothes.改寫(xiě)句子1.weareallhappy.(改成一般過(guò)去時(shí))we_allhappy.2.ivisitmygrandparentseveryweek.(用lastweek代替everyweek)_(3thereweresomezebrasinthezoolastyear.改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定回答)_四、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.todayisasunnyday.we_(have)apicnicthisafternoon.2.mybrother_(go)toshanghainextweek.3.tomof

17、ten_(go)toschoolonfoot.buttodayisrain.he_(go)toschoolbybike.4.whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?iusually_(watch)tvand_(catch)insects?itsfridaytoday.what_she_(do)thisweekend?she_(watch)tvand_(catch)insects.6.what_(do)youdolastsunday?i_(pick)applesonafarm.what_(do)nextsunday?i_(milk)cows.7.mary_(visit)herg

18、randparentstomorrow.8.david_(give)apuppetshownextmonday.9.i_(plan)formystudynow.句型1)特殊疑問(wèn)句。含義：以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句。特殊疑問(wèn)詞總結(jié)：what什么（職業(yè)，姓名等）whatday星期幾whatdayisittoday?whatsize多大尺碼whatsizeareyourshoes?whattime=when什么時(shí)間whatcolour什么顏色whatsize多大號(hào)when什么時(shí)候（就時(shí)間提問(wèn)）where什么地方（就地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)）who誰(shuí)（問(wèn)人的身份，姓名等）which哪一個(gè)why為什么（就原因提問(wèn)，常用b

19、ecause回答）how怎么樣howmany多少（提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量）howmanybooksdoyouhave?多少（提問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量）howmuchwateristhereintheglass?howmuch多少錢(qián)（提問(wèn)價(jià)格）howold幾歲（提問(wèn)年齡）多長(zhǎng)（提問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度）howlongisthisruler?howlong這把尺子有多長(zhǎng)？多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（時(shí)間持續(xù)多久）howlongdoyougotoschool?你去學(xué)校要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？howoften多久（提問(wèn)頻率既單位時(shí)間發(fā)生多少次）howsoon（還要多久時(shí)間才能開(kāi)始或結(jié)束）howsoonwillhecomeback?howfar（提問(wèn)距離有多遠(yuǎn)

20、）他多久才能回來(lái)？howheavy（提問(wèn)有多重）句型結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？eg:whydoyoulikewatchingtv?當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)：就劃線部分提問(wèn)。1heoftenhaslunchinthefactoryheoftenlunch？2theywillcomebackinamonthwilltheycomeback？3hehurthisleglastsundayhehurthisleg？4igotupatsixthismorningyouupthismorning？5theyweredrawingahorsewhenicameintheywhenicamein？6ididntgotos

21、choolbecauseihadabadcoldyougotoschool？7youdbettertaketheno3busbusibettertake？8hesfeelingwellhefeeling？9thegirlinaredcoatismysisterisyoursister？10hecomestochinaonceayearhetochina？11.hegoestoseehisgrandma(twiceaweek).(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_?12.myfathergoestoworkbycar.(改為特殊疑問(wèn)句)_?13.ittake(15minutes)foraferrytocross

22、theriver.(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_?14.youcandial(110)tocallthepolice.(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_canyoudialtocallthepolice15.tedputhisbaginthedesk.(改為特殊疑問(wèn)句)_ted_inthedesk?16.thestudents(wentcamping)lastweek.(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_?17.diogenescamefrom(greece).(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_diogenes_?18.thewaytokeepfitis(toeatfoodandtakemornexercise).(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_thewayto_?2)祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語(yǔ)you常省略，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)