(高中)形容詞、副詞的基本用法及練習(xí)

1、精品好資料學(xué)習(xí)推薦形容詞、副詞的基本用法1 形容詞及其用法形容詞修飾名詞，說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。通常，可將形容詞分成性質(zhì)形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類，其位置不一定都放在名詞前面。1)直接說(shuō)明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞，它有級(jí)的變化，可以用程度副詞修飾，在句中可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。例如：hot 熱的。2)敘述形容詞只能作表語(yǔ)，所以又稱為表語(yǔ)形容詞。這類形容詞沒(méi)有級(jí)的變化，也不可用程度副詞修飾。大多數(shù)以a開(kāi)頭的形容詞都屬于這一類。例如：afraid 害怕的。（錯(cuò)）He is an ill man.（對(duì)）The man is ill.（錯(cuò)）She is an afraid girl.（對(duì)）T

2、he girl is afraid. 這類詞還有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。3）形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾以-thing為字尾的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，要放在這些詞之后，例如： something nice2 以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞1） 大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍為形容詞。改錯(cuò)：(錯(cuò)） She sang lovely. （錯(cuò)） He spoke to

3、me very friendly. （對(duì)） Her singing was lovely. （對(duì)） He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以-ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.3 用形容詞表示類別和整體1） 某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the

4、 hungry The poor are losing hope.2） 有關(guān)國(guó)家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個(gè)民族的整體，與動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連用。 the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor.4 多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~-數(shù)詞-描繪詞-(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色) -出處-材料性質(zhì)，類別-名詞 a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a

5、 famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car典型例題:1） Tony is going camping with _ boys. A.little two otherB. two little otherC.two other little D.little other two 答案：C。由限定詞-數(shù)詞-描繪詞-(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色) -性質(zhì)-名詞的公式可知數(shù)詞，描繪詞，性質(zhì)依次順序，只有C符合答案。2)One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace.

6、A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stoneC. old stone ChineseD. Chinese stone old答案A. 幾個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞，他們的排列順序是：年齡，形狀，大小+顏色+來(lái)源+質(zhì)地+用途+國(guó)家+名詞。3) - How was your recent visit to Qingdao?- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the _days at the seaside.A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny

7、 few D. few sunny last答案：B。本題考查多個(gè)形容詞的排序問(wèn)題。一般與被修飾形容詞關(guān)系密切的形容詞靠近名詞；如果幾個(gè)形容詞的重要性差不多，音節(jié)少的形容詞在前，音節(jié)多的方在后，在不能確定時(shí)，可參照下表：限定詞+數(shù)量詞（序數(shù)詞在前，基數(shù)詞在后）+性狀形容詞+大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形體+those + three + beautiful + large + square新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料+名詞old + brown + wood + table5 副詞及其基本用法副詞主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)。一、副詞的位置：1） 在動(dòng)詞之前。2） 在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后。 3）

8、多個(gè)助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，副詞一般放在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后。注意： a. 大多數(shù)方式副詞位于句尾，但賓語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)，副詞可以提前，以使句子平衡。 We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b. 方式副詞well，badly糟、壞，hard等只放在句尾。He speaks English well.二、副詞的排列順序：1） 時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)副詞，小單位的在前，大單位在后。2） 方式副詞，短的在前，長(zhǎng)的在后，并用and或but等連詞連接。 Please write slowly and carefully.3） 多個(gè)不同副詞排列：程度+地點(diǎn)+方式+時(shí)間副詞。注

9、意：副詞very 可以修飾形容詞，但不能修飾動(dòng)詞。 改錯(cuò)：(錯(cuò))I very like English. (對(duì))I like English very much.注意：副詞enough要放在形容詞的后面，形容詞enough放在名詞前后都可。 I dont know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat.6 兼有兩種形式的副詞1) close與closelyclose意思是近； closely 意思是仔細(xì)地 He is sitting

10、close to me. Watch him closely.2)late 與lately late意思是晚； lately 意思是最近 You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?3)deep與deeply deep意思是深，表示空間深度；deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度，深深地 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.4)high與highly high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于much

11、The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.5)wide與widely wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是廣泛地，在許多地方 He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.6)free與freelyfree的意思是免費(fèi)；freely 的意思是無(wú)限制地 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like.7 形容

12、詞與副詞的比較級(jí)大多數(shù)形容詞（性質(zhì)形容詞）和副詞有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化，即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。原級(jí)即形容詞的原形，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。1) 規(guī)則變化 單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞，加詞尾-er，-est來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。構(gòu)成法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞tall(高的) tallertallest未尾加-er,-estgreat(巨大的)greater greatest 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾nice(好的)nicernicest的單音詞和少數(shù) large(大的)larger largest以- le結(jié)尾的雙able（有能力的) ablerablest音

13、節(jié)詞只加-r,-st以一個(gè)輔音字母big(大的) bigger biggest結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單hot熱的)hotter hottest音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-er，-est 以輔音字母+yeasy(容易的)easier easiest結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，busy(忙的)busier busiest改y為i，再加 -er，-est少數(shù)以-er，-owclever(聰明的)cleverer cleverest結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞narrow(窄的)narrowernarrowest未尾加-er，-est 其他雙音節(jié)詞和importantmore importantmost important多音節(jié)詞

14、，在前easilymore easilymost easily 面加more，most來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和 最高級(jí)。-2) 不規(guī)則變化 原級(jí) 比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good(好的)/betterbestwell(健康的) bad (壞的)/ worse worstill(有病的)old (老的)older/elderoldest/eldest much/many(多的) more mostlittle(少的)lessleastfar (遠(yuǎn)的) farther/further farthest/furthest 8 as + 形容詞或副詞原級(jí) + as1）在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中可用so as。He cannot r

15、un so/as fast as you.2）當(dāng)as as 中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式。 as +形容詞+ a +單數(shù)名詞 as + many/much +名詞 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.3）用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one.Your room is the same size as mine.4) 倍數(shù)+ as + adj. + as 倍數(shù)+ then + ofT

16、his bridge is three times as long as that one.This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine.9 比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞 + thanYou are taller than I.They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.注意： 1）要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。 (錯(cuò)) He is more cle

17、verer than his brother. (對(duì)) He is more clever than his brother. (對(duì)) He is clever than his brother.2）要避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)象中。 (錯(cuò)) China is larger that any country in Asia. (對(duì)) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.3）要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型，遵循前后一致的原則。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is

18、easier to make a plan than to carry it out.4）要注意冠詞的使用，后有名詞的時(shí)候，前面才有可能有名詞。 比較：Which is large, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.10 可修飾比較級(jí)的詞1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a

19、 lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等2）還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語(yǔ)。3）以上詞(除by far)外，必須置于比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞的前面。典型例題: 1）- Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now.A. any wellB. any betterC. quite good D. quite better答案：B. any 可修飾比較級(jí)，quite修飾原級(jí)，well的比較級(jí)為better. 2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A.more

20、B.much more C.muchD.more much答案：C.much可修飾比較級(jí)，因此B，C都說(shuō)得通，但easier本身已是比較級(jí)，不需more，因此C為正確答案。3）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school.A. the happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D.a much happier time答案：D。11 many,old 和 far1) 如果后接名詞時(shí)， much more +不可數(shù)名詞many more +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)2)

21、 old 有兩種比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系。My elder brother is an engineer.Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.3) far 有兩種比較級(jí)，farther，further. 在英語(yǔ)中兩者都可指距離。 在美語(yǔ)中，father 表示距離，further表示進(jìn)一步。I have nothing further to say.12 the + 最高級(jí) + 比較范圍1) The Sahara is the biggest des

22、ert in the world.形容詞最高級(jí)前通常必須用定冠詞 the，副詞最高級(jí)前可不用。 形容詞most前面沒(méi)有the，不表示最高級(jí)的含義，只表示非常。It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.注意： 使用最高級(jí)要注意將主語(yǔ)包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。 (錯(cuò))Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (對(duì))Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2) 下列詞可修飾最高級(jí)，by far, far, much, mostly, alm

23、ostThis hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意：a. very可修飾最高級(jí)，但位置與much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best.b. 序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。 Africa is the second largest continent.3) 句型轉(zhuǎn)換： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.4) 否定詞語(yǔ)+比較級(jí)，否定

24、詞語(yǔ)+ so as結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)含義。 Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.How did you feel last night? -Neve slept better.13 和more有關(guān)的詞組1) the more the more越就越 The harder you work，the greater progress youll make.2) more B than A與其說(shuō)A不如說(shuō)B less A than B He is more lazy than

25、slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work.3) no more than 與一樣，不比多 The officials could see no more than the Emperor.no less than與一樣He is no less diligent than you.4) more than不只是，非常She is more than kind to us all.典型例題1）The weather in China is different from_.A. in America B. one in Ame

26、rica C. America D. that in America 答案：D. 本題意為中國(guó)的天氣比美國(guó)熱。比較的是天氣而不是國(guó)家，C不能選。A沒(méi)有名詞，后句成分不全，排除。B和D中，B中的one常用來(lái)代替可數(shù)名詞，而that可車以代替不可數(shù)或抽象名詞，所以選D。2）After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice manyB. as many twiceC. twice as manyD. twice many as 答

27、案C. 此句意為這個(gè)廠1988能生產(chǎn)的拖拉機(jī)是往年的兩倍。 表示倍數(shù)用倍數(shù)+ as + 形容詞原形+ as +比較對(duì)象的句型。所以此句答案為C。This ruler is three times as long as that one.01-04題組年高考1It is generally believed that teaching is_ it is a science.A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art as D. as much an art as2.In recent years travel companies have

28、succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go,_.A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will out holiday be3.In that case, there is nothing you can do_ than wait.A. more B. other C. better D. any 4.Boris has brains. In

29、 fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has_ IQ.A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest5.All the people_ at the party were his supporters.A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important6.It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _to her mother.A. close B. closely C.

30、 closed D. closing7.-Im very_ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.-Mm, it does have a _smell.A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant8.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._, neither of them could swim.A. In fact B. Luckily C. Un

31、fortunately D. Naturally9.Americans eat_ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many10.As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn,_.A. the more for life are you equipped B. the

32、 more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life11.-I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down. -You can never be_ careful in the street.A. much B. very C. so D. too12.-You dont look very _. Are you i

33、ll? -No, Im just a bit tired.A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy13.Four of Roberts children were at the party, including_ ,Luke.A. the oldest B. an oldest one C. the old D. an old one14.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _to carry all the way home.A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. he

34、avy too much D. too heavy much15.Our neighbour has _ours.A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as16.He did it _it took me.A one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time17.-I hear they arent pleased with the house

35、youve chosen for them. -Well, _could they live in such comfort?18.The house rent is expensive. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _here.A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much19.We were in_ when we left that we forgot the airl

36、ine tickets.A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush20.Come and see me whenever_.A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient 21.I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is _tha

37、n John.A. more efficiently a worker B. a more efficient worker C. more an efficient worker D. a worker more efficiently22._,some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange23.Although I can walk a

38、bout, there is still a _pain in my leg.A. weak B. slight C. tender D. soft24.Finnish President said Finland-China relations had progressed_ with fruitful co-operation in new and high-tech fields.A. peacefully B. highly C. quietly D. smoothly25.The elderly need special care in winter, as they are_ to

39、 the sudden change of weather.A. sensitive B. sensible C. flexible D. positive26.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much_ she was getting.A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest27.I dont mind picking up your things from the store._ ,the walk will do me good.28.Theres _cooking oil left

40、in the house. Would you go the corner store and get_?A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any29.Mr Smith used to smoke_ but he has given it up.A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly 30.He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _a native speaker.A. as fluently as B

41、. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than31.In _Chinese culture, marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.A. traditional B. historic C. remote D. initial 32.Most people on this island are recreational fishers, and _, fishing forms an actual part of their leis

42、ure time. A. accidentally B. purposefully C. obviously D. formally33.The number of people present at the concert was _than expected. There were many tickets left.A. much smaller B. much more C. much larger D. many more34.The husband gave his wife _every month in order to please her.A. all half his i

43、ncome B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income 35.Parents are taught to understand _important education is to their childrens future.A. that B. how C. such D. so36.Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _much to do.A. such B. that C. more D

44、. very37.The great success of this programme has been _due to the support given by the local businessmen.A. rather B. very C. quickly D. largely 38._students are required to take part in the boat race.A. ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten C

45、hinese39.The _house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years.A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little 40.That doesnt sound very frightening, Paul. Ive seen_. What did you like most about the film?A. better B. worse C. best D. worst41.There are

46、two buildings, _stands nearly a hundred feet high.A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which42. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car.A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white43.It is_ any wonder that his

47、 friend doesnt like watching television much.A. no B. such C. nearly D. hardly 44.When we plan our vacation, mother often offers_ suggestions.A. careful B. practical C. effective D. acceptable 45. It is reported that the United States uses_ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C.

48、 twice much as D. twice as much 46. I must be getting fat-I can _do my trousers up.A. fairly B. hardly C. nearly D. seldom 05題組年高考1.-Is your headache getting_? -No, its worse.A. better B. bad C. less D. well 2.This _girl is Linds cousin.A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pr

49、etty little D. little pretty Spanish3. If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable 4.At a rough estimate, Nigeria is_ Great Britain.A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of

50、5.There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we _gave up.A. eventually B. unfortunately C. generously D. purposely 6. At times, worrying is a normal,_ response to a difficult event or situation-a loved one being injured in an accident, for example.A. effective B. individual C. inevi

51、table D. unfavorable 7.John is very lazy. He falls_ behind in his studies.A. very B. far C. more D. still 8.-Why didnt you buy the camera you had longed for? -I had planned to, but I was $50_.A. fewer B. less C. cheap D. short 9.The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him _I d

52、id.A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as 10.What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _it is long. A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as C. not half as wide as D. as wide as half11.-Must I turn off the gas after cooking? -Of course. You can never be _careful with that.