狀語從句考點歸納

1、狀語從句考點歸納一、基本狀語從句從屬連詞的考查（對著提綱自己先回憶）時間狀語從句：1連詞when, while, as的異同；2連詞before的含義（容易與一些句型混淆, 在草稿紙上寫出）；3 until和till的異同；not until句型的倒裝問題；主句的肯定與否定；4弄清since引導的時間狀語從句中謂語動詞是狀態(tài)/持續(xù)性動詞還是終止性動詞；區(qū)分It be since/ before/ when/ that 句型；5表示“一就”的四類從屬連詞；6 by “到為止”引導時間狀語, 注意主句的時態(tài)；7 time短語可引導時間狀語從句：every/ each time, (the) nex

2、t/ last time, by the time, the first time等; 區(qū)分the first time和for the first time; the first/ second / third time作表語后面接定語從句時，注意定語從句的時態(tài)。地點狀語從句：1區(qū)分where與wherever; 2區(qū)分where引導的地點狀語從句，定語從句與名詞性從句;原因狀語從句：1連詞because, since，as, for的區(qū)別; 2其他可引導原因狀語從句的詞（組）；（在草稿紙上寫出）3區(qū)分because與because of。條件狀語從句：1區(qū)分if與unless除非/如果不(

3、有時可換成ifnot); 2區(qū)分only if(只有)與 if only(要是就好了; 只要); 3 as/so long as只要；4其他可引導條件狀語從句的詞（組）。（在草稿紙上寫出）讓步狀語從句：1連詞although, though, as, while, when的區(qū)別；2 though/ although 與even though/ even if的區(qū)別；3 whetheror (不論不管還是) whether or not （不管/不論是否）；4“疑問詞+ever” 與 “no matter +疑問詞”的異同；5還有些介詞短語意為“盡管” 。目的狀語從句：1 in order t

4、hat與so that在句中的位置；2引導詞in case(免得/以防萬一)與for fear that(擔心/以防萬一)。結果狀語從句：1區(qū)分sothat與suchthat (口語中that可省略)；2區(qū)分結果狀語從句與定語從句so/ suchthat與so/ suchas；3連詞還有so that，with the result that。比較狀語從句：1 no morethan(不比更) 和morethan(與其說不如說)；2 asas和not so (as)as；3 “the+比較級, the+比較級”的時態(tài)。方式狀語從句：1 as(像、如同、按照)； just as正如、恰似； (j

5、ust) the same as和一樣；2 as it is/ was；as they are/ were 按照原來/現(xiàn)在的樣子(句末)3 A is to B what C is to B A對B而言正如C對D一樣4 as if, as though 有時用虛擬語氣，有時不用虛擬語氣5 as if / as though 狀語從句也可以用省略形式.二、狀語從句中的省略 見省略如狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致(或從句的主語是it)，且從句謂語中又包含be，則從句主語和be動詞可省 Dont talk while (you are) eating. He looked around the roo

6、m as if (he was) looking for something.When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful. if(it is) possible 如果可能 if (it is) necessary如有必要 whenever (it is)possible一有可能就 if in need如果有需要 if any 如果有 改錯I saw the accident when waited for the bus. Dont come in unless asking to.(現(xiàn)在

7、分詞或過去分詞短語作定語，可以理解為是定語從句中將關系代詞作的主語和be動詞省略)Do you know the man (who is) sitting under the tree. Is there anything (that has been) planned for tonight?三、狀語從句中時態(tài)的考查 見時態(tài)1在時間，條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時, 現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時when/ if 也可引導名詞性從句該用將來時態(tài)仍用將來時態(tài)時間狀語的引導詞有when, while, after, before, as soon as, notuntil, once, by

8、；條件狀語的引導詞有if, unless I dont know if/ when he will come back. 我不知道他是否/什么時候回來。(if, when引導賓語從句)If/ when he comes back, Ill tell him. 如果他回來/當他回來的時候，我會告訴他。(if引導條件狀語從句，when引導時間狀語從句)If you will(愿意) wait here for half an hour, I will let you see him. I will go to bed as soon as the work has been finished. W

9、e will go to the park_ tomorrow. A if it not rains B if it wont rain C unless it rains D unless it will rain What will you do while your parents_ for the holiday ? A. will be away B. are away C. leave D. will leave2 “The +比較級, the+比較級.”結構，前面的句子相當于條件狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時 The harder you work at your less

10、ons, the less difficult you will find them.3祈使句+and (then)/ or/ or else/ otherwise+陳述句（用一般將來時）相當于含有條件狀語從句的主從復合句。 If you dont hurry up, you will be late=Hurry up, or else/ otherwise youll be late.= Hurry up (,) and (then) you wont be late.祈使句有時省為名詞短語 (Say)A word more, and well drive you out.Try the n

11、ew cleaner. Just a few minutes every daythats all it takes_ you could have shining floors and furniture. A. and B. but C. or D. soIts really very dangerous. One more step, _ the baby will fall into the well. A. or B. so C. and D. butAnother chance, _ I will do it better. A. or B. so C. and D. but四、狀

12、語從句中的倒裝 見倒裝1 no soonerthan/hardly/ scarcelywhen句型中hardly/ scarcely位于句首時, 主句要部分倒裝且常用過去完成時2 as引導讓步狀語從句必須用異常語序（though引導讓步狀語從句可用異常語序）把表語或狀語提前。句首名詞不帶冠詞。如實義動詞有賓語和狀語，隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。 3 so/ suchthat引導的結果狀語從句中，如so/such在句首，前面用部分倒裝語序。4 if虛擬句，如有had，should，were 這三個詞，在正式或書面語言中可將if省略，再倒裝。If it should rain tomorrow,

13、what would we do? = Should it rain tomorrow, what would we do?= If it were to rain tomorrow, what would we do? = Were it to rain tomorrow, what would we do?五、狀語從句中的虛擬語氣 見虛擬語氣1 if，if only引導的非真實條件句中要用虛擬語氣；2 as if, as though引導的方式狀語從句中如表達的是一種事實不符的情況要用虛擬語氣。六、容易誤認為狀語從句的結構1 _ my hometown take on a new look

14、, a sense of_ suddenly appeared in my mind.A. Having seen; happiness B. Seeing; joy C. When I saw; pride D. While I saw; delight2 _ her mother had come, her face lit up.A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearing D. When she heard3 All her time _ experiments, she has no time for films.A. devoted to d

15、o B. devoted to doing C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing4 _ a large amount of time devoted to listening every day, many students do not listen effectively. A. Because of B. Instead of C. Despite D. Though基本狀語從句從屬連詞的考查一、時間狀語從句1連詞when, while, as的異同 when 1）當時候,引導的時間從句中的動詞可是延續(xù)性動詞（可用as /while）也可

16、是非延續(xù)性動詞（可用as）When/ While/ As we were having(延續(xù)性動詞) a party, the light went off/ out.When the light went off/ out(非延續(xù)性動詞)，we were having a party當從句的動作發(fā)生于主句動作之前，只用when或 after 引導這個從句，不用as 或 while。When/ After you have finished your work, you may have a rest.2）when充當并列連詞的句型be (just)about to do sth. when

17、正要做某事突然/這時 be on the point of doing sth. when 正要做某事突然/這時be doing sth. when 正要/正在做某事突然/這時 be on the way to sp. when 在去某地的途中這時had just done sth. when 剛剛做了某事這時 hardly/ scarcely/ rarely when/ before 一就3）when不表示時間而表示原因或讓步的用法如果/考慮到（同considering that /if） How can he get good grades when he wont study? 既然（同

18、since） Why did you write with a pencil when you know you should write in ink？雖然/盡管 She usually walks when she might ride. while 1）引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性的.2）表對照，引導并列句Mother is busy doing the housework while Father is watching TV.3）(書面語) 雖然/盡管(但同時) ，引導讓步狀語從句While I admit that there are problems, I dont a

19、gree that they cannot be solved. While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.as 1）在期間，當?shù)臅r候 as引導的時間從句中的動詞可是延續(xù)性動詞，可用while或 when，但as側重從句的動作和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，“一邊一邊” I read the letter as I walked along the river. 時間從句中的動詞也可是非延續(xù)性動詞，可用when，但as側重兩個短促動作幾乎同時發(fā)生 Just as I came in, a boy rushed

20、out. 表隨時間推移, 隨著，不用when 或while。As the day went on, the weather got worse. as+名詞= when從句 As a young man (= When he was a young man), he2）因為 表示理由比較明顯，只是附帶說明一下“由于”(常用于口語中)as從句通常在前. As Jane is the oldest, she looked after the other children.3）盡管，即使，縱然 連詞as（多用于書面語，從句在前）也可以引導讓步狀語從句，但從句中要用特殊語序, 必須表語或狀語提前（形容

21、詞、副詞、分詞、實義動詞提前）。(though也有這種用法,可替換as, 但although不可倒裝)Young as/ though he is, he knows a lot= Though/ Although he is young, he knows a lotChild as /though he is, he knows a lot = Though/ Although he is a child, he knows a lot Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.4）和一樣、

22、像、如同、按照，引導的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后 Do in Rome as the Romans do. We must study as Zhou Enlai did. You should do as the teacher tells you to.5）也是這樣，相當于so “so/ as+ be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”2連詞before的含義（容易與一些句型混淆）1) 在之前/ 還沒來得及/ 不等.就 He went out before I had (had) a chance to tell him the news.2) (沒多久)就; (用不了多久)就 We hadnt

23、 waited long before the bus came.It was not long before 沒多久就 It wont be long before 用不了多久就3) (以后) 才 It was/ took before 過了才 It will be /will take before 要過才It took six years before they got married. It will be a long time before they get married.4) 寧愿也不 He will die of hunger before he will steal. 他寧

24、愿餓死也不愿行竊3 until和till的異同；not until句型的倒裝問題；主句的肯定與否定1) till 和until 意思相同,但下面三種情況用until：在句首 在強調句型“It is not until that”(直到才)中 在Not until 句型中注意：not until在句首，句子/主句倒裝；not until用在強調句中，句子/主句不倒裝2)主句的謂語如果是延續(xù)性動詞, 主句要用肯定式,意為“直到為止” 主句的謂語如果是非延續(xù)性動詞, 主句要用否定式,意為“直到才”.I will wait until he returns. I wont leave until he

25、 returns.4弄清since引導的時間狀語從句中謂語動詞是狀態(tài)/持續(xù)性動詞還是終止性動詞區(qū)分It be since/ before/ when/ that 句型 It is（=has been）/was + 時間 + since 從已多久了It is/ has been three years since I met him in Beijing.It was a long time since I had lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.注意時態(tài)It is five months since I arriv

26、ed in New York. 我到紐約已經(jīng)五個月了。It is five months since I was in New York. 我離開紐約已經(jīng)五個月了。終止性動詞表示從動作發(fā)生時算起；狀態(tài)動詞或持續(xù)性動詞，則從動作或狀態(tài)結束時算起。5 表示“一就”的四類從屬連詞: as soon as句子可以表示將來as soon as; themoment/ minute/ second/ instant; immediately/ directly/ instantly; no soonerthan，hardly/ scarcely/ rarely when/ before. I had ha

27、rdly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain.注意：如果hardly/ scarcely/ rarely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結構：Hardly / Scarcely/ Rarely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rai

28、n.hardly/scarcely/ rarelywhen/before, no soonerthan前面常用過去完成時，后面用一般過去時。6 by“到為止”引導時間狀語, 句子用完成時態(tài) By the end of next July the work will have be finished. By now we have learned 12 units.by the time“到的時候”引導時間狀語從句, 從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時,主句用完成時態(tài)By the time you get here, the work will have been fin

29、ished. By the time he was fourteen, he had learned maths all by himself.7 time短語可引導時間狀語從句：every/ each time, (the) next/ last time, by the time, any time等; the first time (第一次的時候，連詞，引導時間狀語從句)for the first time （第一次，作狀語）The first time I went abroad, I could hardly understand what the foreigners said.W

30、hen I went abroad for the first time, I could hardly understand what the foreigners said.the first time還可作表語，后面接定語從句，一般用完成時態(tài)。This is the first time that you have been late. It was the first time that you had been late .二、地點狀語從句1區(qū)分where與wherever where（在的地方）, wherever（無論/不管在哪里）(后者表強調，且地點是不確定的)2區(qū)分where

31、引導的地點狀語從句，定語從句與名詞性從句;Where引導的地點狀語從句可以換成in/ at/ to the place+ where引導的定語從句。(見定從)Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方樹很多。Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會想到你。三、原因狀語從句1連詞because, since，as, for的區(qū)別because 1）表主句和從句間有著必然的因果關系“因為”2）通常主句在前從句在后，但強調原因時則相反 I did it because I liked it.

32、3）回答why問句； 引導表語從句；強調結構”It is/was that ”中； “not becausebut because ”結構中 在partly/ mainly / only/ just后 只能用because as 1）表示理由比較明顯，只是附帶說明一下“由于”(常用于口語中) 2）as從句通常在前. As Jane is the oldest, she looked after the other children. since 1)表示顯然或已知的理由“既然” 2)從句通常在前. Since you have known it, I wouldnt repeat it. fo

33、r 1) 表示作出推斷的理由“因為” 2) for從句通常放在后面. It must have rained a lot recently, for the water is so high. 比較：As it have rained a lot recently, the water is very high.2其他可引導原因狀語從句的詞（組）： when如果/考慮到; 既然 considering/ given (that)考慮到, seeing (that)鑒于, now (that) 既然, in that由于, 因為; 既然 not thatbut that不是因為而是因為Now t

34、hat everybody has come, lets begin our conference. 原因狀語從句在前The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.原因狀語從句在后Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.3區(qū)分because(引導原因狀語從句)與because of(引導原因狀語)Because it r

35、ained hard, I went to school late. I went to school late because it rained hard. Because of the hard rain, I went to school late. I went to school late because of the hard rain . I got angry because he said something impolitely. 原因狀語從句I got angry because of what he said(賓語從句，在介詞后作賓語=his words) 原因狀語四

36、、條件狀語從句1區(qū)分if與unless除非/如果不(有時可換成ifnot);I wont let you in unless you show me your pass 通行證=I wont let you in if you dont show me your pass. 注意：1) unless從句中有否定詞時，不能換成ifnot結構。2) unless表示唯一條件，不能用and連接重復使用，ifnot則可以。2區(qū)分only if(只有)與 if only(要是就好了); If only I had another chance. Only if I get a job will I ha

37、ve enough money to go to school. 3 as/so long as只要；4其他可引導條件狀語從句的詞（組）。 in case假使；on condition that在的條件下；providing (that)/ provided (that)/ given (that)倘若，在的條件下(lets) say/ suppose (that)/ supposing (that)/ assuming (that)假設(主句常為疑問句)；granting/ granted (that)假定/ 就算SupposeSupposing (that) you had a milli

38、on pounds, how would you spend it? You may go out providing / provided (that) you finish your home-work first.五、讓步狀語從句1連詞although, though, as, while, when的區(qū)別；though/ although引導讓步狀語從句,基本上可以通用，though 更常用。連詞though/ although不可與連詞but連用，但可與副詞yet/ still連用as(多用于書面語,從句在前)也可引導讓步狀語從句，從句用異常語序把表語或狀語提前（即名詞、形容詞、副詞

39、、分詞、實義動詞提前）。句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞; 如實義動詞有賓語和狀語，隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。(though可倒裝,但although不可倒裝)Young though/ as he is, he knows a lot=Although/ Though he is youngChild as /though he is, he knows a lot = Although/ Though he is a small child, he knows a lot Try hard as /though he will, he never seems able to do the work

40、 satisfactorily. Change your mind as you will, you will get no help from usas 雖然 （要用異常語序)while 雖然/盡管(但同時) （一般用在開頭）when 雖然/盡管 (一般用在中間)(用以引出位于句末的從句) 然而; 但是; 可是; 不過:Hell probably say no, though its worth trying. 他很可能不同意, 但不妨去試探一下though還可以用作副詞 “雖然如此; 然而; 但是; 可是; 不過”，放在句末She promised to phone. I heard no

41、thing, though. 她答應要打電話來. 可我沒聽到回信兒.2 though/ although雖然/盡管（是事實) even if/ even though 縱然/即使（假設，不是事實）3 whetheror不論不管還是 whether or not不管/不論是否4“疑問詞+ever” 與 “no matter +疑問詞”的異同；連詞詞組no matter what/ which/ who/whom/ when/ where/ how 引導讓步狀語從句(有逗號) 連接副詞 whenever/ wherever/ however 引導讓步狀語從句(有逗號)連接代詞whatever/ w

42、hichever/ whoever/ whomever 可引導讓步狀語從句和名詞性從句Whatever/ No matter what you say(讓步狀語從句), I wont believe you. Whatever you say(主語從句) is of no use (=useless) now5還有些介詞短語意為“盡管” 。in spite of/ despite the fact that, regardless of the fact that六、目的狀語從句1 表示目的“為了”的詞或短語有: to/ in order to/ so as to in order that/

43、 so thatto后接動詞原形，that后接句子。in order to/ so as to的否定是in order not to/ so as not to so as to, so that不可放句首。2引導詞in case(免得/以防萬一)與for fear that(擔心/以防萬一)七、結果狀語從句1區(qū)分sothat與suchthat (口語中that可省略)； such +(adj.) + n. so + adj./adv. so little watersuch +a/ an +（adj.） + n. so +adj. + a/an + n. such little girlss

44、o + many/ much/ few/ little (+n.)2 I got up early（，）so that（因此）I caught the early bus. 結果狀語從句I got up early so that（為了、以便）I could catch the early bus. 目的狀語從句He is such a good teacher that we all like him. 結果狀語從句He is so good a teacher as we all like. 定語從句 _isthekindnessofthenursethatthepatientcannev

45、erbe thankful toher. A.So; too B. Such; too C. So; so D. Such;such 3連詞還有with the result that結果八、比較狀語從句1 no morethan不比更 和morethan與其說不如說2 asas和not so (as)as；3 “the+比較級, the+比較級”的時態(tài)。九、方式狀語從句1 as像、如同、按照； just as正如、恰似； (just) the same as和一樣； Do in Rome as the Romans do. 入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。 We must study as Zhou Enlai

46、did（代替studied）. You should do as the teacher tells you to. 你們應該按照老師講的那樣去做。 2 as it is/ was；as they are/ were按照原來/現(xiàn)在的樣子(句末) Leave it as it is, State the facts as they are.as it is/ was事實上，實際情況是（在句首） I thought conditions would get better, but as it is they are getting worse.3 A is to B what C is to B

47、A對B而言正如C對D一樣 air is to man what water is to fish4 They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.他們完全忽略了這些事實，就仿佛它不存在似的。（與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。）He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（不是事實，用虛擬語氣。）It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看來天氣很快就會好起

48、來。(實現(xiàn)的可能性較大，用陳述語氣)5 as if / as though狀語從句可以用省略形式He stood at the gate as if (he was) waiting for somebody. He cleared his throat(嗓子) as if (he did this in order) to 好像要say something. He looked around as if (he was) in search of something.典型高考英語狀語從句題1 The American Civil War lasted four years _ the Nor

49、th won in the end. A. after B. before C. when D. then2 He rushed out of the room_ I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after3 It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be.will know B. is.will know C. will not be.know D. is.know4 Scientists say it may be five or six

50、 years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when5 It was not yet eight oclock_he arrived home. A. before B. when C. that D. until6 It is almost five years_ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when7. Not until his mother came

51、back _ to study.A. he began B. did he begin C. he didnt begin D. didnt he begin8 It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then 9_ I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. A. As B. Since C. If D.

52、 While10 The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while 11 - Im going to the post office. - _ youre there, can you get me some stamps?A. As B. While C. Because D. If 12 _ had he arrived_ she started complaining.A. Hardlywhen B. Hardly than C. No soonthan D. No soonerwhen13 The young woman rushed to the hospital _ she heard the terrible new