成高專升本英語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句演示課件

1、1,主從復(fù)合句,名詞從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句,2,名詞從句,從句：在句子中充當(dāng)某一成分的分句。 主句：從句所依附的句子。 名詞從句：在句子中起名詞作用的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，包括主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句。名詞從句要用陳述的語(yǔ)序。,3,主語(yǔ)從句 1 連接詞that That he is still alive is quite true. That the economy is in recession is now no doubt. that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成用it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型。如： It is quit true that he is still alive. It is no

2、w no doubt that the economy is in recession.,4,連接詞 wh-疑問(wèn)詞 Who will chair the meeting has not yet been decided. What you think may seem silly. How well you talk is governed by your understanding of grammar. 連接詞whatever, whichever, whoever等 Whoever broke the vase should admit it frankly. Whichever roa

3、d you take will be rough and rocky.,5,表語(yǔ)從句 1 連接詞和主語(yǔ)從句一樣。 e.g. The truth is (that) he has lost nothing except a few pennies. The problem was that no one knew how to fix the machine. The question was who owned the house. Actually the film is very much what I expected.,6,2 當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為command, demand, order

4、, suggestion, idea, request等時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should + 動(dòng)詞原形。Should可省略。如： Her idea is that you should stick to your plan. My first request is that the young man should be given a new job. 主語(yǔ)從句也一樣。如： It is suggested that each of them should write an article. 賓語(yǔ)從句也一樣。如： She required that he should get there

5、before dark.,7,賓語(yǔ)從句 1 連接詞也和主語(yǔ)從句一樣。 Many parents think that education is to be given only in school. She explained to him what he had to do to start the car. They offered him what he didnt like at all. 2 it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句置于句末。 We found it true that Mr. smith was an honest gentleman. 改寫第一個(gè)句子：It is thought

6、 that education is to be given only in school.,8,同位語(yǔ)從句，通常是說(shuō)明其前面名詞的內(nèi)容。連接詞也和以上從句一樣。 The farmers can not forget the fact that birds are the enemies of insects. Do you have any idea of how stupid he is? We have no idea of what he suffered in those days. 練習(xí)P179 綜合檢測(cè)試題,9,定語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句：在句子中起定語(yǔ)作用的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。通常修飾其前面的名

7、詞或代詞，這個(gè)名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。 連接詞：關(guān)系代詞who, whom, that, which 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 1 關(guān)系代詞，它取決于先行詞是人還是物，還取決于關(guān)系代詞在從句中作何成分。,10,先行詞是人 主語(yǔ)：A person who has good friends enjoys life more. Anyone who/ that saw the car accident please call us at 289110. 賓語(yǔ)：I telephoned the doctor who/whom/that Jackson had recommended. H

8、e is not the young scientist to whom I referred just now. 所有格：I have never met a woman whose figure is so beautiful.,11,先行詞是物 主語(yǔ)：It is a problem that/which needs very careful consideration. 賓語(yǔ)：I am using the same computer that/which I have used for four years. 所有格：Have you seen the new machine whose

9、 parts are too small to be seen? 表語(yǔ): The typewriter is not the machine (which) it was.,12,當(dāng)先行詞前有all, any, every, a few, no ,only, some ,very或序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，或先行詞為anything, everything, nothing等時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that. I have never taken anything that doesnt belong to me. You can take any seat that is free. He was

10、one of the greatest scientists that ever lived. The only thing that he did was to call the police.,13,2 關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why在句中作狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、理由的名詞。 Winter is usually the season when many animals have sleep. He showed me the house where his father had made cigars. There is no good reason why she

11、should leave so soon.,14,3 His business had failed, and he had to leave GZ to live in ZJ, where he had an uncle. 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 I have never been to the town where I was born. 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句有逗號(hào)與主句隔開，如果去掉它不會(huì)影響主句的意思。指物時(shí)用關(guān)系代詞which,不用that. 關(guān)系代詞不可以省略。 He looked at the sky, which was covered with dark clouds.,15,在非限定

12、性定語(yǔ)從句中，which常用于指代前面的整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分。 He won the first prize, which we had never expected. Some roads were flooded, which made our journey more difficult. 練習(xí)：P187 綜合檢測(cè),16,狀語(yǔ)從句,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 1 when 引導(dǎo)的從句可表示持續(xù)或短暫的動(dòng)作；可表示與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或先于主句的動(dòng)作。 When I live in town, I often went to the theatre. When she pressed the butto

13、n the machine stopped. 2 while引導(dǎo)的從句表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。從句的動(dòng)作持續(xù)較久。 Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion. While the woman was listening to the broadcast she kept trembling.,17,3 as 表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，持續(xù)時(shí)間較短，或表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)展、變化，表示“隨著” As I left the house I remember the key. As the sun rose, it became warmer. 4 si

14、nce表示“自從”，從句多用過(guò)去時(shí)，主句多用完成時(shí)態(tài). They have never seen each other again since she fell ill. It is almost a year since I met you last.,18,5 till/ until 表示“直到才” He didnt tell you the news till he was sure of it. Dont try to get on the train until it stops. As soon as 表示“一就” You can go for your holiday as so

15、on as you finish the job. Ill let you know about it as soon as we come to any conclusion.,19,原因狀語(yǔ)從句 1 because引導(dǎo)，表示的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，可用來(lái)回答why開頭的句子，放在主句后面。 They had to slow down because he couldnt keep up with them. Why cant you go with us now? Because I am too busy. 2 since引導(dǎo)的從句常表示已為人們所知的原因或理由，常譯作“既然”。 Since she

16、 is not prepared for the job, youd better let him do it. Since the weather has improved, the game will be held as planned.,20,3 As 引導(dǎo)的從句所表示的原因意義很弱，通常不是句子的中心，是某種附加說(shuō)明。 As David said we had better walk, we started off on foot. As Tom is an honest man he is entrusted with a large sum of money. 4 For引導(dǎo)的從

17、句放在主句后面，用逗號(hào)隔開，表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。 The days are long, for it is now July. I worried about the boy in the river, for there the currents were dangerous.,21,方式狀語(yǔ)從句 1 AS引導(dǎo)，表示“和一樣”像那樣” He worked hard all through the day as everybody else did. He wont do as hes told. 2 as if ,as tough引導(dǎo)的從句多用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 When he had finished

18、 he waited as if he was waiting for a reply. He is standing there still as if he has frozen to death.,22,條件狀語(yǔ)從句 1 真實(shí)條件句：表示可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件。 If：如果；unless:除非；as long as: 只要； Peter wont catch the train if he doesnt hurry. Unless this policy is changed, the future is indeed dark. You may go out as long as you pr

19、omise to be back before 12 oclock. You can borrow my car on the condition that you return it by this evening.,23,2 非真實(shí)條件句：表示一個(gè)與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反： If I were you, I would agree with them. If I had a car, I would lend it to you. 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反： If Mark had been there ,he would have helped you. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反： I

20、f I were to do the experiment, I would do it some other way.,24,目的狀語(yǔ)從句 1 so that引導(dǎo) He arranged everything so that we could get there at one oclock. They wrote the notices in several languages so that foreigners could understand them. In order that 引導(dǎo) He arrived early in order that he might not miss

21、the report. For fear that 引導(dǎo) They didnt talk much for fear that others might hear them.,25,結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 So that引導(dǎo)，常有逗號(hào)與主句隔開,that 可以省略。 We climbed high, so （that）we might get a better view. sothat引導(dǎo)，表示“如此以致” He worked so well that people all praised him. Her album was so full of pictures that it was bursti

22、ng at the seam. suchthat引導(dǎo)，也表示“如此以致” He had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near his house.,26,讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 1 although, though引導(dǎo)，表示“雖然但是” Although many painters do their work well, few become wealthy. 2 even though=even if引導(dǎo)，表示“盡管” Even if some people have only visited a place once, they will find it again many years later because they