高中英語It用法詳解共33頁

1、It的用法解析1.it在強調(diào)句中用法：It is + 被強調(diào)部分 + that 該句型是強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)部分可以是主語、賓語、表語或狀語；強調(diào)的主語如果是人時，that可以由who換用；如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個完整無缺的句子，這也是判斷強調(diào)句型與其它從句的依據(jù)；It was they that cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天是他們打掃的教室。（強調(diào)主語）It is her sister that I have fallen in love with.我愛上的是她的姐姐。（強調(diào)賓語）It was under the tree that he fo

2、und his missing purse.他是在樹底下找到自己丟失的錢包。（強調(diào)地點狀語）It was last week that I visited the Shanghai Expo.我是上周參觀的上海世博。（強調(diào)時間狀語）It is not until + 被強調(diào)部分 + that 該句型是not until句型”的強調(diào)句，意為直到才，that后的從句要用肯定句，不可再用否定句；【注意：not until置于句首時，主句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；】It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a f

3、amous film star. （強調(diào)句）直到她摘下墨鏡，我才認(rèn)出她是一名著名的電影明星。Not until she took off her dark glasses did I recognize she was a famous film star. （倒裝句）直到她摘下墨鏡，我才認(rèn)出她是一名著名的電影明星。強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+is/was + it + that ；Who was it that you want to see?你究竟想見誰？Why is it that you want to change your mind?你究竟為什么要改變主意？強調(diào)句型的一般

4、疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Was/Is it +被強調(diào)部分+that；Was it they that cleaned the classroom yesterday? 昨天是他們打掃的教室嗎？Was it last week that you visited the Shanghai Expo?你是上周參觀的上海世博嗎？【注意事項】強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)基本要點：強調(diào)句型中，通常強調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語等；一般而言，該結(jié)構(gòu)不可以強調(diào)謂語，若強調(diào)謂語，則用助動詞do/does/did，其后的謂語用動詞原形；(a) She did go there alone.她確實是一個人獨自去那兒的。（強調(diào)謂語）(b) He does

5、 enjoy volleyball.他確實喜歡排球。（強調(diào)謂語）不管被強調(diào)部分是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，其前必用It is / was，而不能用諸如They are / There were之類；被強調(diào)部分是指人時，that可換用who，而被強調(diào)部分指物時，則只用that；被強調(diào)部分是指時間或地點時，被強調(diào)部分后通常用that，一般不用when，where之類；去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)It is/wasthat后，原句子仍然完整；若由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語從句時，從句必須使用陳述語序，不可用疑問語序；He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by

6、mistake.他問我，是誰錯拿了他的雨傘。（陳述語序）【比較】Who was it that took his umbrella by mistake? 是誰錯拿了他的雨傘？（疑問句語序）I wonder when it is that well leave for Hong Kong.我想知道，我們什么時候前往香港。（陳述語序）【比較】When is it that well leave for Hong Kong?我們什么時候前往香港? （疑問句語序）強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中的反意疑問句式：在強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，其反意疑問句的主語及助動詞要與主句It is/was保持一致；It is Mary not

7、 you who wants to ask me about the earthquake, isnt it? 不是你而是瑪麗想要問我關(guān)于地震的情況，對嗎？It was his coming that made you all very happy, wasnt it? 他的到來讓您們非常高興，是嗎？強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)與定語從句的混合使用：在高考試題中，常將強調(diào)句型與定語從句混合運用，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜；依此，要注意從語法角度來分析句子，理清強調(diào)句型與定語從句；-Where did you find your wallet?你在哪里找到錢包？-It was in the park where we

8、went last week that I found my wallet.就在我們上周去的那家公園里，我找到了錢包。It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know him.就是在我們一起工作的那家農(nóng)場里，我結(jié)識了他?！痉治觥烤渲?，強調(diào)on the farm，去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，則句子變?yōu)椋?On the farm I got to know him. 在先行詞the farm后接定語從句where we worked；It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of t

9、ime that he ought to have spent doing his lessons.強調(diào)句型與時間狀語從句的辨析：當(dāng)用強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)來強調(diào)時間狀語時，去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，原句仍然成立；而在時間狀語從句中，若去掉“it is/waswhen/before/since，則原句不成立；It was at 7:49 that the terrible earthquake broke out in Yu shu. （強調(diào)句型）是在7:49分，玉樹發(fā)生了可怕的地震。It was 7:49 when the terrible earthquake broke out in Yu shu. （狀

10、語從句）玉樹發(fā)生可怕地震的時間是7:49分。強調(diào)句型中，考查主謂一致問題，常見于如下結(jié)構(gòu)中：It is/was notbutthat不是而是；【注意就近原則：notbut, not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor；】It is not his friends but he that is to blame for the accident.不是他的朋友，而是他要對該事故負(fù)責(zé)任。It is /was not that；【注意就遠(yuǎn)原則：but, except, rather than, together with, with, as well as等連接名詞或

11、代詞；】It was he rather than his friends that is to blame for the accident.是他而不是他的朋友，要對該事故負(fù)責(zé)任。在語境題目中，強調(diào)句型的某個部分常被省略，做題時要特別注意，將其復(fù)原并加以比較；-He was nearly drowned once.-When was _?-_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school. A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This答案：A。在第三句中when he was in middle s

12、chool.為定語從句，修飾先行詞1998，而school后省略了that he was nearly drowned once. 該題目若把關(guān)系副詞when去掉，則易誤選that；-Who is making so much noise in the garden?-_ the children.A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are答案：A。句意：-誰在花園里制造出那么大的噪音？-是那些孩子們。強調(diào)句型在具體的語境中省略，其完整形式為：It is the children who/that are making so much noise

13、in the garden. 【拓展實踐】-Ive read another book this week.-Well, maybe_is not how much you read but what you read that counts. （2009浙江）A .this B. that C. there D. it 答案：D。句意：-這個周，我又讀了一本書。-哦，或許重要的不是你讀了多少書，而是你讀的是什么書。考查強調(diào)句：It is/was that；It was _he came back from Africa that year _he met the girl he would

14、like to marry. （2009江西）A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when 答案：C。句意：直到那年他從非洲回來，他遇到了心愛的女孩?？疾閚ot until的強調(diào)句型：It is/was not until+被強調(diào)部分+that；Its the first time that he has been to Australia, _? （2009遼寧）A. isnt he B. hasnt he C. isnt it D. hasnt it答案：C。句意：這是他一次來澳大利亞，是嗎？考查句型：It is/

15、was the first time that，其反義疑問句與主句中的be動詞保持一致；【辨析比較】for the first time第一次（介詞短語）；the first time 第一次做的時候；（連詞）It/ This / That is the first/last time that（常用句型）這是/那是第一次/最后一次做；that從句的時態(tài)，取決于主句的be動詞，若主句用is時，that從句用現(xiàn)在完成時；主句用was時，that從句用過去完成時；They tasted defeat for the first time.他們第一次體驗到失敗的滋味。ThefirsttimeImet

16、her, I knew we would be good friends. 第一次見到她的時候，我就知道我們會成為好朋友。It was for the first time that they tasted defeat, wasnt it? 這是第一次，他們體驗到失敗的滋味，是嗎？ （強調(diào)句的反義疑問句，與主句中的be動詞一致）It is the first time that I have spoken in public.這是我第一次在公共場合發(fā)言。It was the first time that he had visited this city.這是他第一次參觀這座城市。It wa

17、s in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. （2008全國）A. that B. how C. which D. when答案：A。句意：伊麗莎白第一次見到史密斯先生是在新西蘭?？疾閺娬{(diào)句：It is/was that；It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. （2008天津）A. how B. which C. that D. where答案：C。句意：正是在密西西比河沿岸馬克吐溫度過了他孩提時代的大部分時光。考查強調(diào)句：It

18、 is/was that；It was not until midnight_they reached the camp site. （2008重慶）A. while B. when C. that D. as答案：C。句意：一直到半夜，他們才到達(dá)營地?？疾閚otuntil的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，即“It is/was not until +被強調(diào)部分+that”； It is imagination _ makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality. （2007上海春）A. whereB. what C. thatD. when答案：C。句

19、意：是想象力讓這個世界五彩繽紛，充滿生機和活力?？疾閺娬{(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was that；該句強調(diào)主語“imagination”，去掉強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，句子仍然完整：Imagination makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality.It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. （2007重慶）A. whichB. it C. that D. this答案：C。句意：重要的是什么才是對的，而不是誰是對的?？疾閺娬{(diào)句：It is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that；

20、該題目強調(diào)主語，且在被強調(diào)部分中運用“notbut不是而是”這一結(jié)構(gòu)；【注意：be of+抽象名詞 =be +該抽象名詞的形容詞；】-He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. （2007浙江）- When was _?- _ was in 2000 when he was still in college.A. that; This B. that; ItC. it; This D. this; It答案：B。句意：-他的第一本書出版了，而且還很暢銷。-那是什么時候的事? -是在2000年，那時侯他還在

21、上大學(xué)。本題省略了強調(diào)句的that部分；即補充完整為：It was in 2000 when he was still in college that he got his first book published.【考點注意】turn out=work out結(jié)果是，證明是；強調(diào)句中that部分常被省略；強調(diào)句與定語從句?；煊?；It was in 2000 when he was sill in college that he got his first book published.該句中，“when he was still in college.”為定語從句，修飾先行詞2000；而“I

22、t was in 2000 that he got his first book published.”為強調(diào)句；-Where did he spend his childhood?- It was in the house _was built with stones _ he spent his childhood.A. where; that B. which; that C. that; which D. that; where答案：B。句意：-他在哪里度過童年？就在用石頭修建的那間房子里，他度過了自己的童年。該題目考查定語從句與強調(diào)句的混用，第一個空填寫定語從句的關(guān)系代詞（此處作主語

23、），先行詞為the house； 第二個空為強調(diào)句，即It was in the house that he spent his childhood.It _we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _I found we had a lot in common. （2007浙江）A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that答案：D。句意：直到我們在一起呆了幾個星期以后，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有許多共同之處。考查not until句型的強調(diào)句，

24、其結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was not until+被強調(diào)部分+that；【注意：a couple of一對，兩三個；have sth. in common with 與有共同之處；】Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _their education that causes misunderstanding. （2007全國）A. like B. as C. or D. but答案：D。句意：在兩代人之間，通常不是他們的年齡，而是他們所接受的教育，會導(dǎo)引起他們之間的誤解?？疾槌Ｒ姶钆湓趶娬{(diào)句中的運用，即It is/wa

25、s not but that ；It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. （2006全國III）A. whenB. thatC. whereD. before答案：B。句意：直到她到家了，詹妮弗才意識到她把鑰匙丟了?？疾閚ot until句型的強調(diào)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was not until+被強調(diào)部分+that；I just wonder _ that makes him so excited. (2006山東)A. why it does B. what he does C. h

26、ow it is D. what it is答案：D。句意：我只是想不明白是什么使他那樣激動。本題目考查“強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句”作動詞wonder的賓語，其疑問句語序要變?yōu)椤瓣愂稣Z序”；【注意分析】Something makes him so excited.強調(diào)主語：It is something that makes him so excited.強調(diào)句的一般疑問句：Is it something that makes him so excited?對強調(diào)句中的something進(jìn)行提問：What is it that makes him so excited?強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句作wonde

27、r的賓語：I just wonder what it is that makes him so excited.It was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important. （2006遼寧）A. thatB. whenC. sinceD. as答案：A。在他得到了夢寐以求的東西后，他才意識到這個東西并不那么重要。本題目考查強調(diào)句：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that，且強調(diào)時間狀語從句；去掉強調(diào)句型，則還原為：After he got what he had desired, he realiz

28、ed it was not so important.It is what you do rather than what you say_ matters. （2005天津）A. that B. what C. which D. this答案：A。句意：重要的是你做了什么，而不是你說了什么。matter作動詞，意為“重要，要緊，有關(guān)系”；該題目可以簡寫為：A rather than B matters.重要的是A而不是B。依據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，則考查強調(diào)句：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that；本題強調(diào)主語，去掉強調(diào)句型，原句仍然完整；It wasnt until nearly a month

29、later _ I received the managers reply. （2005全國）A. since B. when C. as D. that答案：D。句意：直到差不多一個月之后，我才收到那位經(jīng)理的答復(fù)?？疾閚otuntil的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，即“It is/was not until +被強調(diào)部分+that”；本題目強調(diào)時間狀語nearly a month later，去掉強調(diào)句型，原句仍然完整；It was only with the help of the local guide _. （2004上海）A. was the mountain climber rescuedB. t

30、hat the mountain climber was rescuedC. when the mountain climber was rescuedD. then the mountain climber was rescued答案：B。句意：只有在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的幫助下，那名登山運動員才得以獲救。本題考查強調(diào)句：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that；強調(diào)介詞短語，去掉強調(diào)句型，原句仍然完整；【注意：該題目若去掉it was，則考查only置于句首且修飾狀語，主句要求用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即選項A；】It was_ back home after the experiment.（2004湖北）A. n

31、ot until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didnt go答案：C。句意：直到午夜，做完實驗后，他才回到家?？疾閚ot until句型的強調(diào)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was not until+被強調(diào)部分+that；該題目強調(diào)時間狀語midnight；【注意：該題目若去掉it was，則考查not until置于句首且修飾狀語，主句要求用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即選項A；】It was with great j

32、oy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. （2004福建）A. becauseB. whichC. sinceD. that答案：D。句意：當(dāng)他得到消息，說他失蹤的女兒被找到了時，他非常高興?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that；該題目強調(diào)狀語with great joy，去掉強調(diào)句型，則該句子仍然完整?！咀⒁獾诙€that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，即the news 與that從句所指代的內(nèi)容是一致的；】It is these poisonous products_ can cause the s

33、ymptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. （2003上海）A. who B. that C. how D. what答案：B。句意：正是這些有毒的產(chǎn)品引發(fā)了流感的癥狀，比如說，頭疼和肌肉酸痛?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that；該題目強調(diào)主語these poisonous products，去掉強調(diào)句型，則該句子仍然完整。(21)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked

34、such a nice dinner. （2010安徽）A. where B. that C. when D. which答案：B。句意：那位女主人用從村子里買的僅有的一點食品，做了如此美味的一餐飯?？疾閺娬{(diào)句，該句可還原為：The hostess cooked such a nice dinner from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village.【注意：該句子中強調(diào)介詞短語“from only a few supplies”，其中先行詞“only a few supplies”由定語從句“that she had bou

35、ght in the village”來修飾；】(22)Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today. （2010湖南）A. why B. when C. which D. that答案：D。句意：約翰的成功與好的運氣沒有關(guān)系。是他多年的艱辛努力拼搏，造就了他今天的成就?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型It is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that；該題目強調(diào)主語“years of hard work”；(23)If you have a job, _ y

36、ourself to it and finally youll succeed.（2010四川）A. do devote B. dont devoteC. devoting D. not devoting答案：A。句意：如果你擁有一份工作，只要全身心地投入到工作中，最后你會成功的。考查對“謂語動詞”的強調(diào)（借助助動詞do/does/did）及“祈使句 + and + 將來時句子”的固定搭配； 【注意：強調(diào)句型“It is/was +被搶的部分 + that ”是不能強調(diào)“謂語”的；若強調(diào)“謂語動詞”則要借助“助動詞do/did/does”，其后接動詞原形；devote oneself to s

37、th. 專心致力于，獻(xiàn)身于；devote time to 為付出時間（努力、金錢等）；be devoted to sth. 對熱愛，對忠誠；】(24)It was because of bad weather_ the football match had to be put off. （2003上海春）A. so B. so that C. why D. that答案：D。句意：正是由于天氣不好，足球賽才不得不被推遲?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型，本題去掉強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was +被強調(diào)部分 + that ，句子仍然完整；【注意：so that為了，以便；結(jié)果，以致；so that 如此以至于；su

38、ch that 如此以至于；so +adj. + a/an +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that = such +a/an +adj.+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that如此以至于；so many / much / few / little + 名詞 + that；so為副詞，其后常見形容詞和副詞；而such為形容詞，其后常接名詞；】(25)It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are. （2000全國）A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it答案：B。句意：重要的是你工作的能力而

39、不是你來自何處或者你是做什么的?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，被強調(diào)部分“the ability to do the job”作主語，謂語動詞是matters；本題目可以由“not but 不是而是”改寫為：Not where you come from or what you are but the ability to do the job matters. 【注意：matter為不及物動詞，意為“重要，要緊，有關(guān)系”；】(26)It was _he said _disappointed me. （1999上海）A. what; thatB. that; thatC. what; whatD. tha

40、t; what答案：A。句意：正是他剛才所說的話令我非常失望?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型，其結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was + 被強調(diào)部分 + that ，本題目強調(diào)主語“what he said”，去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，句子（What he said disappointed me.）仍然成了。(27)It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty. （1998全國）A. until B. thatC. then D. so答案：B。句意：只有當(dāng)我最近重讀他的詩歌的時候，我才開始欣賞到他們的優(yōu)美。考查

41、強調(diào)句型，其結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was + 被強調(diào)部分 + that ，本題目強調(diào)時間狀語從句“only when I reread his poems recently”，去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，句子（Only when, I began to ）仍然成了；(28)It was about 600 years ago _the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. （1997全國）A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when答案：A。句意：大約600年前，人們制造了第一塊鐘表，只有一個表盤和一個時針?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型，其結(jié)

42、構(gòu)：It is/was + 被強調(diào)部分 + that ，本題目強調(diào)時間狀語“about 600 yeas ago”，去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，句子（About 600 years , the first clock was made.）仍然成了；(29) Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, _ to blame.A. is B. that is C. are D. who are答案：B。句意：就個人而言，我認(rèn)為該受責(zé)備的是銷售經(jīng)理，而不是那些女營業(yè)員?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型和主謂一致，強調(diào)的是主語“t

43、he sales manage, rather than the sales girls”，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)取決于“the sales manager”；去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，句子（Personally I think the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, is to blame.）仍然完整；【注意： as well as, with, together with, but, rather than, except等連接兩個名詞或代詞，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)取決于就遠(yuǎn)原則；be to blame = be responsible for so

44、mething bad 應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任，該受到責(zé)備；】(30)It was at the very beginning _Mr. Fox made the decision _ we should send more firefighters there.A. when; which B. where; what C. then; so D. that; that答案：D。 句意：最初，?？怂瓜壬妥龀隽藳Q定，（該決定要求）我們應(yīng)該派送更多的消防隊員去那里。本題目考查強調(diào)句型和名詞性從句（同位語從句）；第一個空為強調(diào)句，強調(diào)介詞短語“at the very beginning”，去掉強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)（

45、It is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that ），句子（At the very beginning Mr. Fox made the decision.）仍然完整；第二個空為同位語從句，“that we should send more firefighters there.”解釋說明the decision的內(nèi)容；(31)-Who is making so much noise in the garden?-_ the children.A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are答案：A。句意：-是誰在花園里制造出那么大的噪音？-是那些孩子們?？疾?/p>

46、強調(diào)句型在具體語境中的省略，補充完整為：It is the children that/who are making so much noise in the garden.(32)It was my friendship with Helen that _ me_ the difficult time. （2004江蘇）A. helped; out B. got; through C. pushed; through D. put; up答案：B。句意：是我與海倫女士的友誼幫助我度過了那段艱難的時期。本題目運用強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，強調(diào)主語“my friendship with Helen”，考查短

47、語辨析：help out幫助解決難題，分擔(dān)工作；get through度過，通過，接通；push through使獲得通過；put up建造，張貼，提高，為提供膳宿，捐款，提出，推舉、選舉；【注意：get through to 使某人明白；go through經(jīng)受、經(jīng)歷，用光、用完，仔細(xì)檢查，練習(xí)、排練，被通過，磨破、穿破，獲得正式認(rèn)可；live through經(jīng)歷；put through為接通電話，為完成必要的準(zhǔn)備工作，出錢供某人上學(xué)，使做；look through看穿、識破，瀏覽、溫習(xí)，檢查；】(31)Is_ three hours _the boy _ family is poor to

48、 come to school on foot?A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whoseC. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;答案：B。句意：步行來學(xué)校需要花費家庭貧困的男孩三小時。本題考查定語從句、強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式以及常用句型（It takes sb. some time to do sth.）的混合運用； 解答本題目，見如下的四個句子：常見句型：It takes the boy three hours to come to school on foot.以the boy

49、為先行詞，后面接定語從句，則為：It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to school on foot.用強調(diào)句型強調(diào)賓語“three hours”，則為：It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to come to school on foot.將上句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧浼词潜绢}；2. it作形式主語時，真正的主語是其后的不定式、動名詞或從句；不定式作真正的主語：It is/was+形容詞+of sb. to do sth. 該句型中的不

50、定式短語是真正的主語，若不定式的邏輯主語是由 of引起，則句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。常見的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong等； It is/was+形容詞+for sb. to do sth.該句型中的不定式短語是真正的主語，若不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，則句中的形容詞通常是表示重

51、要性、緊迫性、頻繁程度、難易、安全等情況的形容詞。常見的形容詞有：important, necessary, natural, easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等； It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it作形式主語；意為花費某人時間/金錢來做某事； It took thousands of people many years to build the Gr

52、eat Wall. 建長城花費了數(shù)以千計的百姓很多年時間。從句作真正的主語：It is clear that.該句型中it作形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，意為是清楚的，是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)；It is certain that the earth goes around the sun.地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)是確實的。It is important that 該句型中it作形式主語，that 后的從句用虛擬語氣，should 可以省略；It is important that we learn English well. 我們學(xué)好英語是非常重要的。It is said that 該句型中的it作形式主語，真正主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常意為據(jù)說；It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 據(jù)報道又有一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了預(yù)定的軌道。It is suggested that 該句型中的it 作形式主語，主句中的過去分詞是表示請求、建議、命令等詞