中考牛津英語8B復(fù)習(xí)講義(簡版)

1、牛津英語8B Unit 1 復(fù)習(xí)講義一、重點(diǎn)詞匯1. used to/be used to/get used to基本含義用法辨析used to “過去常常(做某事)”現(xiàn)在已不再這樣了，后常接動(dòng)詞原形be used to “習(xí)慣于(做某事)”后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞get used to “變得習(xí)慣于(做某事)”強(qiáng)調(diào)由不習(xí)慣到習(xí)慣地過程2. a bit/a bit of/ a little基本含義用法辨析a bit “稍微，有點(diǎn)”作程度副詞,修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、比較級(jí)notabit=notatall, 意為“毫不”;a bit of “有點(diǎn)兒”后接不可數(shù)名詞a little “稍微，有點(diǎn)”作

2、程度副詞,修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、比較級(jí)作形容詞, 后接不可數(shù)名詞notalittle=verymuch,意為“非?！?“很”3. repair/mend/fix基本含義用法辨析repair “修理,修補(bǔ)”多用于修理物體較龐大、構(gòu)造較復(fù)雜而又損壞較嚴(yán)重的東西mend “修理,修補(bǔ)”一般指修理物體較小、結(jié)構(gòu)較簡單的日常用具、或縫補(bǔ)衣服、襪子等fix “修理,校準(zhǔn)”是美國英語，可與repair替換使用二、語法點(diǎn)撥現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)1. 基本用法 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示在說話之前已經(jīng)完成或剛完成的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在影響的結(jié)果，表示動(dòng)作剛剛結(jié)束，常與just, already, yet, notyet,

3、 recently等狀語連用。 They have already cleaned the classroom. 他們已經(jīng)把教室打掃干凈。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者還有可能持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與so far, in the past few days (years), during the last three years,以及for 和 since 引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。 The doctor has saved over two hundred peoples lives so far. 到目前為止，這位醫(yī)生已挽救了二百多人的生命。Great chang

4、es have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.過去幾年來，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 We have lived here since 1976. 自從1976以來，我們一直住在這兒。 They have waited for more than two hours. 他們已經(jīng)等了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)了。【注意】一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別 過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響；一般過去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用。試比較：I saw this film

5、 yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了，不涉及現(xiàn)在）I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）2. 動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成 have/has+過去分詞 注意過去分詞的變化規(guī)則 (1) 規(guī)則變化：在動(dòng)詞原形后加ed構(gòu)成口訣：直接加，去e加，雙寫加，變著加(2) 不規(guī)則變化（見規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表） 分類記憶：AAA型；AAB型；ABA型；ABB型；ABC型3. 句式變化三、交際用語談?wù)撋钪械淖兓?School life is really great. I like my teachers and classmates. I have the same feeli

6、ng, too.Im happy/sorry, too. We always walked to school together in the morning. I come to school by bus on my own.牛津英語8B Unit 1 短語匯總序號(hào)ChineseEnglish1歷史課題history project2做（研究）一個(gè)歷史課題do a history project3在過去的100年當(dāng)中（常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)over the past/last 100 years=during/in the past/last 100 years4在（過去的）這些年當(dāng)中over

7、the years5在不同時(shí)代的交通方式transport at different times6過去曾經(jīng)做某事used to do sth.7九龍城寨the Kowloon Walled City 8大嶼山的變化the changes to Lantau Island9事實(shí)上in fact = actually 10從里搬出去move out of.11A娶了B或A嫁給了BA marry BA與B結(jié)婚了A and B get/be marriedA get/be married to B12變化很大change a lot13中藥店Chinese medicine shops14轉(zhuǎn)變成tur

8、n into15噪音污染noise pollution16舊機(jī)場的關(guān)閉the closing of the old airport17起飛（脫衣服）take off18安全地著陸land safely19在某些方面in some ways20感到有點(diǎn)孤獨(dú)feel a bit lonely = feel a little lonely21不時(shí)地；有時(shí)from time to time = sometimes=at times22對.很了解know very well23像以前一樣經(jīng)常/頻繁as often as before24與某人進(jìn)行一次面談have an interview with sb

9、.25這個(gè)地方的歷史the history of this area26看見某人干某事（過程）see sb. do sth. （感官動(dòng)詞用法）看見某人正在干某事（動(dòng)作）see sb. doing sth. （感官動(dòng)詞用法）27糾正錯(cuò)誤correct the mistakes28已經(jīng)去了.(還沒回來)has/have gone to 曾經(jīng)去過.(已經(jīng)回來)has/have been to29聽說有關(guān).hear about聽說.hear of收到某人的來信hear from sb. = get/receive a letter from sb.30在過去in the past在現(xiàn)在；在目前at p

10、resent = now31被使用；投入使用be in service = be in use32香港回歸到中國Hong Kongs return to China33機(jī)場快線Airport Express34去度假go on holiday35在大嶼山的北面（范圍外不交界）to the north of Lantau Island36對.感到驚奇be surprised by/at 37獨(dú)自on ones own = alone = (all) by oneself38不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)次數(shù)）no more = not any more不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間）no longer = not any long

11、er39小學(xué)primary school中學(xué)secondary school40為某人提供某物provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.41向某人求助ask sb. for help 42示范給某人看如何做某事show sb how to do sth.43有同感have the same feeling 難點(diǎn)語法 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1) 含義： 動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去但對目前產(chǎn)生了影響或造成了結(jié)果。 動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻開始發(fā)生并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。2) 構(gòu)成：主語 +_ +_+其他I have cleaned the bedroom.He has listened

12、to music for an hour. 3) 過去分詞的構(gòu)成原形過去式 過去分詞原形過去式過去分詞beginbegan begunrodemarriedcheckwentlandedchangebought4) 常見的與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞和短語already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, so far, since , for, over these yearsin the past few years, 區(qū)別in the past(一般過去時(shí))，just now(一般過去時(shí)) three years ago(一般過去時(shí)) 選用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空 I h

13、ave _ read the book, so I know nothing about it. Have you had lunch_? I have been here _ half an hour. Has she lived in Nanjing _she was born?5）完成下列各句 政府已經(jīng)把這個(gè)地方變成了一個(gè)公園。The government _the place into a park. 他們還沒有回來。They havent _. 你認(rèn)識(shí)她有多久啦？ How long _you _her? 媽媽已經(jīng)去圖書館了嗎？_mum _the library? 我從未去過扎龍自然保

14、護(hù)去。 I have never _Zhalong Natural Reserve.牛津英語8B Unit 2 復(fù)習(xí)講義一、重點(diǎn)詞匯1. include/including基本含義用法辨析include “包括,包含”及物動(dòng)詞，作謂語動(dòng)詞，后接賓語including “包括,包含”介詞，一般用在逗號(hào)后面，或者是冒號(hào)的前面2. such as/for example/like基本含義用法辨析such as “例如”一般用來列舉同類人或物中的幾個(gè)例子，插在被列舉的例子和前面的名詞之間，as后沒有逗號(hào)for example “例如”一般只舉同類人或物中的一個(gè)為例，作插入語，可置于句首、句中或句末li

15、ke “像”與such as 互用二、語法點(diǎn)撥現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(2)1. 瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞就是表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，又稱點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞或終止性動(dòng)詞，即其所表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn)而不能再延續(xù)。(1) 這一類動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)不能和表示一段的（延續(xù)性的）時(shí)間狀語連用，例如：她買這輛車有一年了?！惧e(cuò)誤】She has bought the car for a year.【正確】She has had the car for a year.他的父親離開中國已經(jīng)10年了?！惧e(cuò)誤】His father has left China for 10 years.【正確】His father has been away from

16、China for 10 years.這位男士自從1945年就入黨了?！惧e(cuò)誤】The man has joined the Party since 1945.【正確】The man has been a Party member since 1945.【注意】經(jīng)常這樣使用的瞬間動(dòng)詞有：go, come, leave, borrow, join, die, lose, marry(結(jié)婚), begin, stop。當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)需要與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，其通常變化形式為：have gone(left ) - have been awayhave bought(borrowed) -

17、have had (kept)have come - have been herehave died - have been deadhave joined-have been a member of/have been inhave began(started) have been on特別記住下面的表示方法： 我丟那輛車有三天了。 It is (has been)three days since I lost the bike (=I lost the bike three days ago.) 電影開演十分鐘了。It has been (is) ten minutes since the

18、 film began.(=The film began ten minutes ago.)(=The film has been on for 10 minutes.) 他們結(jié)婚二十年了。It has been 20 years since they were married.(=They got/were married 20 years ago.)(2) 瞬間動(dòng)詞的否定形式可與for和since時(shí)間狀語連用We havent seen each other for a long time. 我們有好長時(shí)間沒有見面了。They havent left the lab since yeste

19、rday. 他們自昨天以來，一直沒離開過實(shí)驗(yàn)室。The mother hasnt heard from her son for 3 months. 這位母親已有三個(gè)月沒收到她兒子的信了。He hasnt come to this bar since she left. 自從她走了，他再也沒到這個(gè)灑吧來。2. have (has) been to 和have (has)gone 的區(qū)別have (has) been to a place 表示“去過，到過”某個(gè)地方, 但現(xiàn)在人已不在那里，它經(jīng)常與ever, never, often, once, twice等用。have (has)gone to

20、 意思是“去了什么地方”, 人可能在途中或已經(jīng)在那里。通常該句型只用于第三人稱，并且不能與上述時(shí)間狀語連用。例如：Have you ever been to Guilin? 你去過桂林嗎？（人在這里）She has been to America twice. 她去過美國兩次。（人在這里）His father has gone abroad. 他的父親出國了。（人不在這里）The train has already gone.火車已經(jīng)開走了。（火車不在這里）三、交際用語假日計(jì)劃 -Do you have any ideas about what to do for May Day holida

21、y, Amy?-Yes, Im planning to travel around abroad. -Where do you want to go? -Singapore. -How long do you want to stay? - About five days.牛津英語8B Unit 2 短語匯總序號(hào)ChineseEnglish1快點(diǎn)；加油come on 2把某物帶在某人身邊bring/take sth. with sb.3去徒步旅行g(shù)o hiking 4去滑雪go skiing5看美麗的風(fēng)景see the beautiful view6拍照take photos7一整天the w

22、hole day8一個(gè)著名的室內(nèi)主題公園a famous indoor theme park9傍晚(下午的晚些時(shí)候)later in the afternoon10即使(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)even though = even if11去旅行g(shù)o on a trip去日本旅行g(shù)o on a trip to Japan去度假go on holiday去日本度假go to Japan for a holiday12如些以至于.so that. / such. that為了;以便.so that13一家快餐店a fast-food restaurant14凱蒂貓小屋Hello Kittys house

23、15凱蒂貓?zhí)O果派Hello Kitty apple pie16鼓掌clap ones hands17忍不住做某事cant stop doing sth.18變得興奮get excited19從.里跳出來jump out of 20A與B很相配A match well with B21向某人招手wave to sb.22隨著音樂跳舞dance to the music23跳舞跳得很優(yōu)美dance beautifully24東京市中心the city centre of Tokyo25把某物給某人看show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth.26加入某人一起join sb.加入

24、某人一起做某事join sb. in (doing) sth.27(人排成的)隊(duì)伍the line of people28在計(jì)算機(jī)房in the computer room全球網(wǎng)/環(huán)球信息網(wǎng)the World Wide Web29一.就.(引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀從)as soon as .盡可能快(時(shí)間快)as soon as sb. can = as soon as possible30去天津的一次旅行a trip to Tianjin31一張?zhí)旖虻貓Da map of Tianjin32尋找look for = search for33在那時(shí)(常用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中)at that time 34查明；找出

25、find out35操作電腦work on the computer36迷路get lost = lose ones way37在春節(jié)期間during the Spring Festival在游行過程中during the parade38一年到頭all year round = the whole year39去的飛機(jī)票the air tickets to 40去觀光go sightseeing41開始做某事start/begin to do sth. = start/begin doing sth.42我們?nèi)ト毡韭眯械哪且惶靦he day of our trip to Japan43在我們

26、旅行的第二天on the second day of our trip44一次快樂的經(jīng)歷a happy experience45使你的文章更有趣make your article more interesting46seem(好像) 的用法1. seem + adj. (系表) 2. seem to do sth.3. It seems that + 從句難點(diǎn)語法1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 我們使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)談?wù)撨^去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某個(gè)時(shí)間段正在發(fā)生或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：_1) 昨晚八點(diǎn)我們正在談?wù)撃遣坑捌e _the film at 8:00 last night.2) 那個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么？Wh

27、at _ you _ at that time?3) 春節(jié)期間你一直在讀這本小說嗎？_you _ the novel during the Spring Festival?2. while / when 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候 用 while / when填空.1) 當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候媽媽正在做晚飯.My mother was cooking supper _ I got home.2）當(dāng)這些女孩子在看報(bào)紙的時(shí)候,那些男孩子在大聲說話.The boys were speaking loudly _the girls were reading newspapers.3. so that 如此以至于.1）這個(gè)博物館

28、很有意思, 我已經(jīng)打算再來一次.The museum is _interesting _ I have decided to visit it again.2）這些題真難,沒有一個(gè)人能解出來.The problem is _none can work it out .3）媽媽走得慢我不得不停下來等她.Mum walked _I had to stop to wait for her.牛津英語8B Unit 3 復(fù)習(xí)講義一、重點(diǎn)詞匯1. asleep/sleepy/sleeping基本含義用法辨析asleep “睡著的”表語形容詞，不能用在名詞之前作定語sleepy “困倦的, 貪睡的”指人昏昏

29、欲睡，或沉睡時(shí)的寂靜狀態(tài)。既可作表語，又可作定語sleeping “睡著的”常作定語2. produce/make基本含義用法辨析produce “制造”可以是工業(yè)上的生產(chǎn)，但不能表示通過種植而獲得的產(chǎn)品make “生產(chǎn)”可以是工業(yè)上的生產(chǎn)，也可以是可以表示生產(chǎn)汽車、機(jī)器通過制造而獲得的產(chǎn)品，也可以表示生產(chǎn)糧食蔬菜、通過種植而獲得的產(chǎn)品二、語法點(diǎn)撥被動(dòng)語態(tài)(1)語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示句子之中主語和謂語動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者(或執(zhí)行者)；被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。只有及物動(dòng)詞才能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：Many people play football. （主動(dòng)語態(tài)）F

30、ootball is played by many people. （被動(dòng)語態(tài)）(1) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)是由“be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的，如果需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或行為的發(fā)出者時(shí)，在其后接“by .”，意為“被”。這里be是助動(dòng)詞，必須與主語的人稱和數(shù)相一致，并有時(shí)態(tài)的變 化(be有時(shí)也可以使用get, become等詞來代替)。(2) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句型肯定句：主語+be+過去分詞+(by.)否定句：主語+be not+過去分詞+(by.)一般疑問句：Be+主語+過去分詞+(by.)?特殊問句：疑問詞+be+過去分詞+(by.)?這里be決定了被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)，be后面的過去分詞沒有變化。(3) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)

31、的八種時(shí)態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am (is, are) + 過去分詞Football is played all over the world. 足球運(yùn)動(dòng)遍及全世界。 一般過去時(shí)：was (were) + 過去分詞These new books were published last month. 這些新書是上個(gè)月剛出版的。 一般將來時(shí)：will be+過去分詞That film will be directed by Zhang Yimou. 那部電影將由張藝謀執(zhí)導(dǎo)。 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am (is, are)+being+過去分詞A new free way from Beijing to Shang

32、hai is being built now.一條從北京到上海的新的高速公路正在建設(shè)之中。 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was (were)+being+過去分詞The car wasnt being repaired by me then. 那時(shí)這輛車不是由我修的。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have (has) + been+過去分詞Has the bridge in Yangzhou been built? 揚(yáng)州的那座大橋建成了嗎? 過去完成時(shí)：had + been+過去分詞The bridge had been built by the end of 1998. 那座橋1998年年底以前就建好了。Supper ha

33、d not been cooked when I got there last time. 上次我到那兒時(shí)，晚飯還沒有做。 過去將來時(shí)：would + be+過去分詞She told me that a new English teacher would be sent to our class in a week.她告訴我一周以后要給我們班派一位新的英語老師來。(4) 主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的口訣 賓作主，主BY賓；謂變BE+PP，時(shí)不變；注意數(shù)、格，抄其余。Bruce writes a letter every week.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）主語 謂語 賓語 狀語A letter is writte

34、n by Bruce every week. （被動(dòng)語態(tài)）主語 謂語 補(bǔ)語 狀語(5) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustnt be taken away.閱覽室的雜志和報(bào)紙都不能帶走。 不知道或者沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。The problem has to be dealt with right now. 這個(gè)問題必須馬上處理。 當(dāng)說話人需要強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。It is said that the temperature tomorrow will

35、 be 40. 據(jù)說明天的氣溫將要達(dá)到攝氏40度?！颈乇场窟@一類用法的句型還有：It is believed that. 據(jù)信，大家相信It is known that. 眾所周知It is supposed that. 大家認(rèn)為It is suggested that. 據(jù)建議，有人建議It must be remembered that. 務(wù)必記住 It is reported that. 據(jù)報(bào)道三、交際用語1. 詢問對方是否介意Would you mind washing the dishes?Would you mind not playing games?2. 請求幫助 -Can y

36、ou show me how to start this online tour of Australia, please? -Yes, of course. Do you know this programme can? Do you mind telling me how to?牛津英語8B Unit 3 短語匯總序號(hào)ChineseEnglish1我不知道。I have no idea. = I dont know.2的設(shè)計(jì)者the designer of.3查找/搜索信息search for information4通過收音機(jī)on/over the radio5編寫電腦程序write c

37、omputer programs6反對/介意(某人)做某事mind (ones) doing sth.7發(fā)送和接電子郵件send and receive e-mails8面世、出來、(花)開放come out9電視的一部分part of a TV10在同時(shí)at the same time11打開/開閉(電器)turn on/off調(diào)高/調(diào)低(音量)turn up/down12主要人物(主角)main character13躺在草地上lie on the grass14入睡(無意識(shí))fall asleep入睡(有意識(shí))go/get to sleep15做了個(gè)奇怪的夢have a strange

38、dream16獲得足夠的分?jǐn)?shù)earn/get enough points17將帶到某地去carry off to sw.18扮演角色play the role of19花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間做某事take sb. some time to do sth.20通過測試你的英語知識(shí)by testing the knowledge of Englishif if 21發(fā)現(xiàn)是find sb/sth (to be ) adj./n.22賣完/被賣完sell out /be sold out23涉及很多主題cover many topics24一套光盤a set of CD-ROMs25存儲(chǔ)信息store info

39、rmation26用來做某事use for doing sth. = use to do sth.被用來做某事be used for doing sth. =be used to do sth.27被用來做某事be used to do sth. =be used for doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事be used to doing sth.(過去)曾經(jīng)做某事used to do sth.28把.保存在硬盤上keep on the hard disk29出現(xiàn)在屏幕上appear on the screen30將A連接到B上connect A to B將A與B連接起來connect A wi

40、th B31(游戲等)背景被設(shè)定在地球上be set on Earth32重新始啟動(dòng)電腦restart the computer33總共10個(gè)問題a total of ten questions 34把存在硬盤上keep on the hard disk35八小時(shí)內(nèi)環(huán)球(旅行)around the world in eight hours36用亮紫色被標(biāo)上記號(hào)be marked in bright purple37以.為開始start with = begin with38點(diǎn)擊圖標(biāo)click on the icon雙擊自動(dòng)運(yùn)行圖標(biāo)double click (on) the “auto-run”

41、 icon39感官動(dòng)詞用法聽某人做某事listen to sb. do sth.聽某人正在做某事listen to sb. doing sth.40在思想里(在腦海里)in the mind41舉行一次作文比賽hold a writing competition 42計(jì)算機(jī)的不同用途different uses of computers難點(diǎn)語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)1使用條件1) 沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者2) 不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 3) 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者2構(gòu)成方式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)_一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)_ 這臺(tái)機(jī)器是去年生產(chǎn)的。_ 這個(gè)劇本不是那位作家寫的。_牛津英語8B Unit 4 復(fù)習(xí)講義一、重點(diǎn)詞匯

42、1. on time/in time基本含義用法辨析on time “準(zhǔn)時(shí)”正好在約定的時(shí)間發(fā)生in time “及時(shí)”在約定的時(shí)間之前發(fā)生2. seem+adj./seem+that基本含義例句展示seem + adj. “似乎,看起來”These girls seem very happy. 這些女孩子們似乎很高興。seem + that “似乎,看起來”It seemed that they didnt catch the train. 看來他們沒趕上火車。3. rise/raise基本含義用法辨析rise “升起，上升”不及物動(dòng)詞，一般只某物自然的上升raise “舉起”及物動(dòng)詞，一般

43、指人為的使某物上升二、語法點(diǎn)撥被動(dòng)語態(tài)(2)(1) 由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語態(tài)這種被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞All these exercises must be finished before school is over. 所有這些習(xí)題必須在放學(xué)以前做完。(2) 含有雙賓語的句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)有一些動(dòng)詞如give, buy等，后面常跟兩個(gè)賓語-直接賓語和間接賓語；通常直接賓語指 物，間接賓語指人；指物或指人的賓語都可以作為被動(dòng)句子的主語。例如：Father bought him a computer. 爸爸給他買了一臺(tái)電腦。A computer was bought for hi

44、m(by father).(以物作 主語)He was bought a computer (by father). (以人作主語，雖語法正確，但實(shí)際不這樣使用。)【必背】將這些帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞背下來： 動(dòng)詞后加to的：give 給pass 遞給show 給看send 寄lend借給bring 帶leave 留給hand 交給tell 告訴return 歸還write 寫給throw 扔promise 答應(yīng)refuse 拒絕 動(dòng)詞后加for的：make 制，做buy 買sing 給唱歌pay 付錢給get 得到do 做(3) 含有賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)有一些動(dòng)詞如make，call等，常伴有

45、定語補(bǔ)足語(或稱為復(fù)合賓語)；在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，賓 補(bǔ)的位置不變。He named the baby(賓) Lily(賓補(bǔ)). 他給這個(gè)嬰兒起名叫莉莉。The baby was named(謂語)Lily(賓補(bǔ))(by him).(莉莉的位置不變)【注意】所有要求不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語而不帶to的動(dòng)詞，包括感官 動(dòng)詞see, hear, watch, feel, look at, listen to及使役動(dòng)詞make, let, have和動(dòng)詞help,在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，還要把to加上。I saw him(賓) enter the Room 102(賓補(bǔ)).He was seen(謂語)to en

46、ter the Room 102(賓補(bǔ)). 我看見他進(jìn)入102室。(他被看見進(jìn)入了102室。)三、交際用語組織義演I hope our charity show will be a success.I hope that our show will be held at the school hall.I hope a lot of pop stars can be invited to the show.Im sure he would like to help us.Im nervous because I dont know how to organize a show.牛津英語8B U

47、nit 4 短語匯總序號(hào)ChineseEnglish1做慈善演出的主持人be the host of a charity show2白天少睡點(diǎn)sleep less during the day3多練習(xí)practice a lot4在英特網(wǎng)上登廣告advertise on the Internet5散發(fā)（傳單）give out (leaflets)6組織一次慈善演出organize a charity show7綠色希望工程Project Green Hope8希望工程Project Hope9拯救中國虎Save Chinas Tigers10春蕾計(jì)劃Spring Bud Project11為某

48、人（某組織）籌款/募捐raise money for sb.捐某物（錢）給某人donate sth.(money) to sb.12回到學(xué)校return to school = come back to school13幫忙（某人）做某事help(sb.) with sth. = help (sb.) do sth.14艱苦的工作hard work努力工作（學(xué)習(xí)）work hard15開始演出排練start working on the show16在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候at the right time17在同時(shí)at the same time18在開始；起初in the beginning = at

49、 first在末尾；最后in the end = at last = finally19變得容易一點(diǎn)became a little bit easier20一直問我自己（一直做某事）keep asking myself (keep doing sth.)21大聲地說話speak loudly22發(fā)出很多噪音make a lot of noise23得到當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)的大力技持have/get a lot of support from local businesses24幫助需要的人help people in need25開一個(gè)會(huì)have/hold a meeting舉辦一次慈善演出have/ho

50、ld a charity show26通過賣物品和提供服務(wù)來掙錢make money by selling goods and services27選擇某人來做某事choose sb. to do sth.28使你的聲音聽起來更大些make your voice sound louder29對感興趣（延）be interested in 對產(chǎn)生了興趣（短）become interested in30掛在舞臺(tái)前面hang in front of the stage31想要這次演出取得成功want the show to be a success32邀請我吃午餐invite me to lunch33搭建舞臺(tái)set up (the stage)34做出決定make a decision / make some decisions決定做某事decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth.35志愿做某事volunteer to do sth.36注意某物pay a