外研版B3 Module1 language points

1、必修三 Module 1一. across & between across: between: A B C B A Line A is across line B and C. A is between B and C.swim across the river walk across the road BA二. 1. 表示A與B地接壤用：be/lie on ,to 不強調(diào)是否接壤 B is/lies on/to the southwest of A. A is/lies on/to the northeast of B.BA2.to 表示A位于B以外用be/lie to B lies to

2、 the southeast of A. A lies to the northwest of B.A3.B表示A位于B的內(nèi)部的be/lie in B is/lies in the west of A.原文再現(xiàn) 1.歐洲大陸 the continental Europe2.歐洲第三大國家 Europes third largest country3.與英吉利海峽那邊的英國隔海相望face the UK across the English Channel4.在法國和下班呀之間是另一個山脈Between France and Spain is another mountain range.5.位

3、于塞納河上 situated on the River Seine6.位于巴黎 be located in Paris7.西班牙首都以東500公里 kilometres east of the Spanish capital8.從事那個工程 work on the project9.法國三分之二的畫家和作家生活在巴黎Two thirds of Frances artists and writers live in Paris.10.作為西方文明的發(fā)祥地而聞名 known as the birthplace of western civilisation11.從那時起 ever since12.

4、與-有相同之處 have - in common with13. 據(jù)，就-而言 in terms of14. 國家元首 the head of state15.另一方面 on the other hand16. 控制著 have control over17. 成員國 member countries18.逐漸地，地點一點地 little by little19. 20世紀(jì)后半葉 the second half of the 20th century20. 以及地中海的島嶼 plus the Mediterranean islands21. 擴大了的歐盟 the expanded EU22.擁

5、有超過五億的人口 have a population of over Language Points：1. face n. 臉,面容 v. 面對,朝,1）He faced the difficulty with courage. 他勇敢地面對困難。2）The sun was shining in our faces. 太陽光直射在我們臉上。3）The building faces north.= The building faces (to) the north. 這棟建筑物朝北。與face相關(guān)的短語：1） face to face 面對面His wish was to meet his fa

6、vourite pop star face to face (have a face-to-face meeting) .他心向往之的是要面對面地見見他心目中的流行曲歌星。2）hit sb in the face “打某人的臉”3）in ( the) face of “面對” 搭配:1）face sth 2）be faced with “面對” We are _ with a difficult decision. 我們面臨著一個困難的決定.1) _ (face) with such a situation, she didnt know what to do.2) _ such a situ

7、ation, she didnt know (face)2. Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. = Pairs is the capital and largest city of France, which is situated on the River Seine. = Pairs, situated on the River Seine, is the capital and largest city of Pairs. situated on the River

8、Seine是過去分詞做定語，修飾Pairs。be situated on / in / to 位于，處于，坐落在be located1). _ in Chengdu, NO.7 High is a well-known school.2). 成都坐落于中國西南。 Chengdu is _ in the southwest of China. be situated/ located on/ in/ to3). 這座城市面積2000平方公里。 This city _ an area of 2000 square kilometers. (cover) It covers an area of s

9、quare kilometers.4). 成都人口超過1000萬。 Chengdu has a _ of over/ more than 10 million. It has a population of about 有多少人口5). 成都有3000多年的歷史了。 Chengdu has a _ of more than 3000 years. It has a history of about years. 6). 成都因熊貓及小吃而出名. Chengdu is _ for pandas and snacks. It is famous/ well-known for/ as 7). 這座

10、城市資源豐富，例如煤、石油。The city is rich in resources such as coal and oil. It is rich in resources such as Grammar 形式時態(tài)助動詞be的變化形式+ 實意動詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在一般時態(tài)am (is , are )一般過去時態(tài)was ( were)一般將來時態(tài)shall ( will) be done一般過去將來時態(tài)should (would) be現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)am(is, are) being過去進行時態(tài)was (were ) being現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)has (have) been過去完成時態(tài)had bee

11、n將來完成時態(tài)shall (will) have been過去將來完成時態(tài)should (would) have beenGrammar2 Subject and verb agreement 主謂一致Definition: 主謂一致是指以個句子的主語和謂語動詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。四種基本原則： 形式一致，意義一致，就近原則，就遠原則。1. 形式一致：句中的謂語動詞和它的主語在形式上保持一致。1). They _ an e-mail address. (have)2). A soldiers _ killed in the battle last year. (be)2. 意義一致：謂語動詞的

12、單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語所表達的意義，而不是取決于表面的形式。1). Bread and butter _ his favorite food. (be)3. 就近原則：謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近的主語一致。 neither A nor B either A or B not only A but also B not A but B A or B there be句型 Either you or I _ wrong. (be) Not only the students but also the teacher _ know the answer to the question. (do not

13、) Not you but I _ to answer for it. (be) There _ two knives, a pen and several books on the table. (be)4. 就遠原則：謂語與A部分一致(就遠原則）： together with along with (或with) besides (或but/except) A + as well as + B +謂語動詞 including rather than like1). The boy together with his parents _ to the museum once a week.

14、(go)2). No one but us _ in the classroom at that time. (be)熱身練習(xí)1. My family _ a large one. Now the whole family _ watching the match.2. Not only the boys but also the teacher _ not know how to work out this math problem3. The teacher as well as the students _ not know how to work out this math probl

15、em.4. The head teacher and English teacher of class 18 _ very humorous.5. Mike, like his brothers, _ (enjoy) chess.6. The teacher, together with the students, _ now discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America.7. A number of famous people _ invited to the party. The number of the stud

16、ents in our grade _ 850.8. It is you, rather than I, that _ always breaking the traffic rules.9. Not the driver but the two injured young men _ responsible(負(fù)責(zé)) for the accident.應(yīng)注意的幾個問題：1. 集合名詞：如：family, team, group, class, government, army, enemy, audience, committee, company, club, crew, party(政黨)

17、 等做主語時，如果作為一個整體來看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果強調(diào)集體中的個體成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。1). Our research group _ made up of 20 scientists. (be)2). Our research group _ discussion how to conduct the experiment.(be)3). The big family _ happy. (be)4). The couple _ quarreling with each other. (be)但 people, the police, cattle(牛，牲畜) 等集體名詞做主語，謂語

18、動詞只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。警察正在搜查那棟大樓。The police _ searching the building. 2. 單復(fù)數(shù)同行的名詞。 如：means, works, species(物種，種類)，deer,Chinese, Japanese等做主語時，根據(jù)句意確定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。1). These sheep _ big as well as fat. (be)2). The steel works _ closed for holiday. (be)3). There _ some iron works along the river. (be)4). Every means _

19、been tried. (have) work 工作：work Uc; jobCn 作品： workCn works pl works 工廠 works pl3. 名詞+ and+ 名詞 做主語時，特殊情況：1) 當(dāng)and連接兩個在意義上表示同一個人，物或兩個部件配成的物品時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 A knife and fork _ lying on the table. The writer and poet _ going to give us a talk on writing. 比較：A factory worker and a writer _ going to give us a t

20、alk. War and peace _ the eternal theme in history.A famous singer and dancer _ giving a solo performance.One more knife and fork _ been washed.A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A. is B. are C. was D. were2) 兩個并例的名詞由each, every, many a

21、, no 等修飾時， 謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。eachand each every and every+n(單) +V（單）no and no In our country every boy and every girl _ the right to receive education.No teacher and no student _ admitted to the room.-Did you go to the show last night?-Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area_ invited.A. were B. have been C. ha

22、s been D. was 4. 不定代詞 somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, everybody, everything, nothing, no one 等作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。Someone _ left you a message in the office.5. 表示時間，金錢，距離， 重量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示單位數(shù)量做主語時， 通常 看作整體，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。10,000 years _ too long a time. We must make use of every day.Fifteen miles _ like a long w

23、alk to me. (seem)Thirty dollars _ too high a price for the book.6. the + 形容詞、分詞 指一類人時作主語謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，如果指抽象事物或個別人時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The young _ different form the old in many ways.The living _ supposed to honor the dead.The worst _ still to come.7. 不定式，動名詞和從句作主語，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。1) To take in an article _ to understand an

24、article. (mean)2) Keeping a balanced diet combined with exercise _ the recipe for a healthy life. 3) That he has been put in prison _ a surprise to us. (be)但what 引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時，謂語動詞視情況而定：What we need _ more money.What they need _ more people.Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also true of the

25、Johnsons.A. are B. is C. being D. to be8. 表示整體中的一部分意義的詞或短語作主語時， 謂語動詞與of 后的名詞一致。分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù) the rest part 1) n (可數(shù)單/不可數(shù)) +v(單數(shù)形式) half ofsome 2） n(復(fù)數(shù)名詞/集合名詞) + v(復(fù)數(shù)) plenty Two thirds of the water _ polluted.Two thirds of people _ (not be) here yet.Part of the students _ against the plan.70% of the earths

26、 surface _ water. The rest _ made up of continents and islands.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. A. is B. are C. was D. were9. 定語從句和強調(diào)句的主謂一致：Those who _ made great contributions to the people will always remembered.

27、(have)Anyone who _ made great contributions to the people will always remembered. (have)Marys husband was the only one of the staff in his office who _(be) invited to the ball.It is not you but I that _ to be in charge of(負(fù)責(zé)，主管) experiment. (be)It is I, rather than you, that _ to be in charge of the

28、 experiment. (be)10. more than one(或more that one+單數(shù)名詞)，many a +單數(shù)(n)名詞作主語，謂語動詞(v)要用單數(shù)形式。More than one AH1N1(甲型流感) case _ been confirmed knf:m vt. 確認(rèn)in China. （have）Many a student _ to the suggestion. (agree)= Many students _ to the suggestion. (agree)Correct the mistakes:1. Many a graduate have gon

29、e to Beijing in hopes of finding good jobs.2. Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, hope to go to university.3. Two fifths of the land here are covered with trees and grass.4. He is the only one of the students have been a winner of scholarship for three years.5. Now the young li

30、kes to dye their hair brown to attract peoples attention. dyedai vt. 染；把染上顏色6. A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift.7. When and where to build a new factory havent been decided yet.8. One third of the population here is workers.9. East of the lake stands two old tem

31、ples.10. More than one person have made the suggestions.11. Such poets as Shakespeare _ widely read, of whose works, however, some _ difficult to understand.A. are, are B. is, is C. are, is D. is, are12. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn13. - Why does the lake smell terrible?- Because lar