新風(fēng)尚大學(xué)實用英語第四冊課后練習(xí)答案forUnit

1、Unit 1 Sincere FriendshipPassage A The Secrets of Male FriendshipsBackground Knowledge1. Clinton Bill Clinton was born on August 19, 1946 and became the 42nd President of the United States infrom 1993 and left the White House into 2001. At 46 hHe was the third-youngest president when he won the pres

2、idency at 46.Clinton has been involved in public speaking and humanitarian work. He created the William J. Clinton Foundation to promote and address international causes such as treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS and global warming. e ntonrenold In 2004, he released his autobiography My Life, and

3、was involved in his wife Hillarys 2008 presidential campaign and subsequently in that of President Barack Obama. In 2009, he was named United Nations Special Envoy to Haiti. In the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Clinton teamed with George W. Bush to form the Clinton Bush Haiti Fund.2. Gore

4、Albert Arnold Gore was the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He is currently an author, businessperson, and environmental activist. 3. BushGeorge W. Bush is the 43rd President of the United States. He was sworn into office on January 20, 2001, r

5、e-elected on November 2, 2004, and sworn in for a second term on January 20, 2005. Before his Presidency, he served for 6 years as Governor of the State of Texas.4. Tom CruiseHe is an American film actor and producer. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and won three Golden Globe Awards.

6、His first leading role was the 1983 film Risky Business, which has been described as A Generation X classic, and a career-maker for the actor. After playing the role of a heroic naval pilot in the popular and financially successful 1986 film Top Gun, Cruise continued in this vein, playing a secret a

7、gent in a series of Mission: Impossible action films in the 1990s and 2000s. Almost every film he has starred in has achieved blockbuster status, with box office revenues totaling $100-million or more in the U.S. In 2006, Forbes magazine ranked him as the worlds most powerful celebrity. 5. Hollywood

8、Hollywood started as a small town in the California desert, and became the entertainment capital of the world. In the early 20th century, film industry pioneers drawn to the areas mild climate, sunshine, varied terrain and large labor market set up studios in Hollywood and began producing movies. Th

9、roughout the Great Depression and World War II, Hollywood movies provided Americans with entertainment, distraction and information. When television emerged as the next great media format, Hollywood soon also became the center of television show production. Today, the term Hollywood has become synon

10、ymous with the entertainment industry, and the once-independent town-now a part of Los Angeles - -is a major tourist destination6. situation comedyA situation comedy is a genre of comedy that features recurring characters in a common environment such as a home or workplace and may be recorded before

11、 a studio audience. Some also feature a laugh track.A situation comedy has a storyline and ongoing characters in, essentially, a comedic drama. The situation is usually that of a family, workplace, or a group of friends.7. A Winning FriendshipAAThe New York Yankees is a teams name of professional ba

12、seball in USteam. A Winning Friendship，a story about the close friendship of Yankee greats Derek Jeter, Mariano Rivera, Jorge Posada and Bernie Williams, was featured in the October 2005 issue of Readers Digest. It was written by Molly ONeill, food writer and sister of former Yankee Paul ONeill, now

13、 a Yankees broadcaster. On November 4, 2009 the Yankees won their 27th World Series title. It was the fifth championship for Jeter, Posada, Rivera and pitcher Andy Pettitte. Collectively, they are known as the core four . With the exception of a three-year stint that took Pettitte to Houston, the co

14、re four have played together for 14 years. 8. Related websites or webpages /wiki/Yankees/about/presidents/georgewbush// /topics/hollywoodTeaching Design 1. The Structure of the TextPartsParagraphsMain Idea of E

15、ach PartPart OneParas 1-4The growing phenomenon of “Man date”Part TwoParas 5-13The reasons of the real existance of male friendshipsphenomenon2. The writing style of the passage This is a beautiful and well-arranged essay that tells us the secrets of male friendships. From a new point of view, the a

16、uthor discussed the growing phenomenon of “Man Date” .Then it is easier for readers to understand the reasons of the real existance of male friendshipsphenomenon with the help of many vivid examples. Moreover, metaphor is employed in the essays suitably. For example, “Trust has an age-old recipe”mea

17、ns “Trust comes from The author changes tedious theory into plain words.Readers can not only obtain information about male friendships, but also lcome to knowearn the secrets of true friendships.3. Suggestions to Teaching Activities Warming-up activity: Step 1:. Every students are required to prepar

18、e for two minutes on the question: Who is my best friend in this class? Step 2: Four volunteers are chosen to take part in the game one by one. At the very beginning, the volunteer tells the English teacher the name of his/her best friend secretly. Step 3: Every volunteer can introduce his or her be

19、st friend in English to the class at most in one minute without telling classmates his/her friends number or name.Step 4: Classmates try to guess who the volunteers best friend is. Step 5: Who can find the correct answer most quickly is the winner and the volunteer who makes other find the correct a

20、nswer most quickly is the winner, too.The purpose of this game is to arouse students interest on the related topic of the text and enhance their friendship. Detailed Discussion of the Text1. For much of the 20th century, most people believed that men were too out of touch with their feelings to make

21、 friends.(Para. 1)be out of touch with: to not have the latest knowledge about a subject, situation, or the way of people feel. 不了解（某事）e.g.Many young people are out of touch with Beijing Opera. 很多年輕人不了解京劇。The old man has few friends because he is out of touch with modern society. 這位老人的朋友很少，因為他不了解現(xiàn)代社

22、會。Parents shouldnt be out of touch with the youngsters and their ways. 家長不應(yīng)該對年輕人和他們的習(xí)慣完全不了解。 2. There was a predominant feminine understanding of friendship. (Para. 1)feminine a. a). characteristic or appropriate or unique to a woman 女性化的 e.g. My daughter loves pretty feminine things, such as skirts

23、 with pink roses. 我女兒喜歡非常女性化的東西，比如裝飾了粉紅玫瑰的裙子。b). relating to being female 女性的，婦女的e.g.The emergence of Feminine Economy furthers the development of feminine tourist market. “女性經(jīng)濟”的出現(xiàn)促進了女性旅游業(yè)的進一步發(fā)展。This film describes the relationship between mothers and children from a feminine point of view. 這部電影從女性

24、的角度來描述母親和孩子的關(guān)系。c.f. masculine a. 男性特有的，陽性的3. If two men didnt talk on the phone every day and pour out their hearts (Para. 2) pour out ones heart to sb.: to tell someone all feelings , including most secrets ones. 向某人訴說心里話e.g.Mary and I are close friends and trust each other, so I often pour out my

25、heart to her. 瑪麗和我是親密的朋友，而且互相信任，因此我經(jīng)常對她訴說心里話。Parents suggest that we shouldnt pour out our hearts to strangers. 父母親建議我們不要向陌生人訴說心里話。When you are sad, youd better pour out your heart to your reliable friends. 當(dāng)你悲傷的時候，最好向你靠得住的朋友訴說心里話。4. In April 2005, The New York Times used the phrase “man date” to de

26、scribe the growing phenomenon of straight men having dinner, going to museums and doing other non-sports-related activities together. (Para. 3)straight man：a heterosexual male, in other words, a man is attracted by people of the opposite sex. 異性戀而不是同性戀的男性5. Male friendships can take root in “those t

27、ransitional periods in our lives (Para. 5)1) take root in: e.g.a) . to begin to grow in somewhere 生根于These plants will not root in such arid soil. 這些植物不會在這樣干燥的土壤里扎根生長的b) . to begin to be accepted and believed 扎根，深入人心I hope your words of wisdom will take root in their minds. 我只希望你的真知灼見會在他們的心中扎下根來。The

28、 prejudices of parents usually take root in their children. 父母的偏見通常深植于子女的頭腦中。2) transitional: a. relating to a period during which something. is changing from one state or form into another. 過渡的e.g.Environmental problem is one of the important social problems in this transitional period. 環(huán)境問題是這個過渡時期

29、重要的社會問題之一To some degree , the Commission is only a transitional organization. 在某種程度上，委員會只是是一種過渡性的組織。6. They had met once, because their wives had worked together, and they got separated within a year of each other, both keeping partial custody of their kids. (Para. 6) 1) partial : a.a). not complete

30、 部分的e.g. The car driver took partial responsibility for the accident. 這位汽車司機承擔(dān)事故的部分責(zé)任。 Carrying out law strictly is a partial solution to environmental pollution. 嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法部分地解決了環(huán)境污染的問題。b). liking something very much 偏愛某物e.g. According to an investigation, a lot of girls are partial to orange juices inst

31、ead of oranges. 根據(jù)一項調(diào)查，很多女孩子偏愛桔子果汁而不是桔子。 Most people are partial to traditional foods of their hometowns. 大多數(shù)人偏愛家鄉(xiāng)的傳統(tǒng)食品。c)unfairly supporting on person or one group against another 偏袒的，不公平的e.g. As we know, a judge should not be partial.眾所周知，一個法官不應(yīng)該有所偏袒。2) custody：n. the right to take care of a child

32、 , given to one of their parents when they have divorced. 對孩子的監(jiān)護權(quán)。e.g. Mothers tend to be awarded juridical custody of children in many countries. 在很多國家，媽媽往往能獲得孩子法律上的監(jiān)護權(quán)。 The separation agreement also includes terms related to spousal support, child support, child custody and equalization of family

33、net worth property. 分居協(xié)議中還規(guī)定了有關(guān)如何處理配偶撫養(yǎng)費，子女撫養(yǎng)費，子女撫養(yǎng)權(quán)，平分家庭財產(chǎn)等內(nèi)容。At last, the couple retained joint custody of their babies. 最終這對夫妻繼續(xù)保留對寶寶們的共同監(jiān)護權(quán)。7. Friendship is one of the major avenues of self-exploration. (Para. 7)Paraphrase: Friendship is one of the major ways of making progress towards indentify

34、ing oneself.avenue: n. a) a. a choice or way of making progress towards something 途徑，手段e.g.They explored all kinds of avenues but could not find a solution他們尋求各種途徑,但仍找不到解決辦法。According to a recent survey in Guangzhou，relying on bank loans is the main avenue of buying houses . 據(jù)最近在廣州的一項調(diào)查，依靠銀行貸款是購房的主要

35、途徑。 b) . a broad roadway lined with trees 大道，林蔭道e.g. My mother sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue. 她坐在窗口，凝視著夜幕漸漸籠罩在林蔭道上。8. While most guys are amiable at work, very few find their closest friends there, because they dont develop the trust that friendship demands. (Para. 8) 1) w

36、hile: conj. in spite of the fact that 雖然，盡管 e.g.While I understand what you say, I cant agree with you.雖然我理解你說的話，但是不同意你的想法。While his grandma is not well-educated, she is a wise woman and often teaches him how to be real man.雖然他的奶奶沒有受過良好的教育，但是她是個聰慧的女性，而且經(jīng)常教他如何做個真正的人。While English is not easy, we beli

37、eve that most of us will have a good command of it if we are studying hard.所以英語不容易，我們相信只要我們努力學(xué)習(xí)，大多數(shù)人將掌握好它。2) amiable: adj. pleasant; friendly and easy to like 和藹可親的；親切友好的e.g.All the students in this class like their English teacher, an amiable young lady, very much. 這個班所有的學(xué)生都很非常喜歡他們的英語老師，一位親切友好的年輕女士

38、。The professors amiable and witty style of conversation has bridged the gap between master and students. 教授隨和風(fēng)趣的談吐拉近了大師與學(xué)生間的距離。 The young movie star said that he wanted to choose a pretty and amiable girl as his wife. 這位年輕的影星說他想選擇一位美麗隨和的女孩做妻子。9Once the relationship is forged, many men will communica

39、te their emotions to close friends. (Para. 11) 1) once: conj. from the time when something happens 一旦 e.g. Once a man becomes a father, he begins to learn how to take responsibility. 一旦一個男人成為父親，他開始學(xué)習(xí)如何承擔(dān)責(zé)任。 Once a child is spoiled by his parents, he will ask for more next time. 一旦孩子被家長溺愛，他下次就會要更多的東西

40、。 Once we are at the top of the mountain, we will forget troubles and enjoy the nature. 一旦我們登上山頂，我們將忘記煩惱，享受自然。2) forge: v.a) . to develop (a strong relationship) 建立（穩(wěn)固的關(guān)系） e.g. After living and studying together for a summer holiday, pupils from two different cities forge bonds of deep friendship. 在

41、暑假一起生活和學(xué)習(xí)后，來自兩個不同城市的小學(xué)生們建立了深厚的友誼。 Countries in Europe forge an alliance to overcome the global economic crisis. 在歐洲的國家結(jié)盟來克服全球經(jīng)濟危機。 b) . to illegal copy something to make people think that it is real 偽造；假冒 e.g. It is shameful that some people forge diplomas in order to find a job. 一些人為了找工作而偽造文憑，這樣做很無

42、恥。 The manager is accused of forging official documents. 這位經(jīng)理被指控偽造了官方文件。 No unit and individual shall forge, alter, let out, lend or assign the business license. 任何單位和個人不得偽造、涂改、出租、出借、轉(zhuǎn)讓營業(yè)執(zhí)照11. If a friendship is to prosper, any weakness shown by one man has to be matched by the other in the same fas

43、hion. (Para. 12) prosper: v. to become strong and flourishing; to develop in a successful way; to be successful, esp. financially 健康成長；繁榮，興旺，成功 . They have been living on easy street since his business began to prosper. 自從他的生意開始興旺, 他們一直過著優(yōu)裕的生活。 Youre a lucky man because you work for a company whose

44、business is bound to expand and prosper. 你真是一個幸運兒，因為你工作的公司一定會發(fā)達昌盛。 12. Reciprocity is key at the beginning of a friendship. (Para. 12)Paraphrase: A situation in which two people, provide the same help or advantages to each other is very important at the beginning of a friendship.互換性在友誼的初始階段是非常重要的。1)

45、 reciprocity: n. a situation in which two people, countries, etc. provide the same help or advantages to each other 互惠；互助；互換e.g.Mutual Benefit and reciprocity is a prerequisite to the conclusion of an agreement. 互利互惠，是達成協(xié)議的前提。People in these two countries can benefit from reciprocity in trade. 這兩個國家

46、的人民都已從貿(mào)易互惠中受益。 2）key: adj. very important or necessary 至關(guān)重要的，必不可少的 e.g.It is known that love is key factor of successful marriages. 眾所周知，愛是成功婚姻的重要因素。Being careful is key to being an outstanding doctor. 成為一位杰出醫(yī)生的關(guān)鍵是要細(xì)心。You must make all the key decisions on choosing jobs. 在擇業(yè)的問題上，所有重要的決定必須是你自己作出。13.

47、Most people have had the experience of seeing promising friendships evaporate into thin air because no one bothered to commit to spending time together. (Para. 13)promising：adj. showing signs of being successful or good in the future 大有希望的，很有前途的e.g. He is the most promising students in the grade. 他是

48、這個年級最有前途的學(xué)生。 As a young promising actor, Mr. Zhou is working hard and respects every person in his life. 作為一名年輕的富有前途的演員，周先生努力工作，尊重生活中每一個人。People in this community support promising experiments in education. 這個社區(qū)的人支持在教育方面大有希望的嘗試。14. If new friends can schedule a standing commitment to lunch, to tenni

49、s, to a monthly kayak trip all the better. (Para. 13)1) standing: a. continuing in existence or use indefinitely長期的，持續(xù)的e.g.This is a standing invitation, thus protect it carefully, please. 這是一個長期有效的邀請，因此請小心保存。Dont worry. We can visit this standing exhibition next month. 不用擔(dān)心。我們可以下個月參觀這個長期的展覽。 2) all

50、 the better: so much the better 那就更好了e.g.If you can fulfill the task two days ahead of time, all the better. 如果你能提前兩天完成, 那就更好了。If we can visit America together during the holiday, all the better. 如果我們能在假期一起去美國旅游，那就更好了。Passage B MSN Messenger Anatomy of Modern Friendship Background Knowledge1. MSN(Mi

51、crosoft Service Network微軟網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù))MSN is a collection of Internet sites and services provided by Microsoft. The Microsoft Network debuted as an online service and Internet service provider on August 24, 1995, to coincide with the release of the Windows 95 operating system. The range of services offered

52、by MSN has changed since its initial release in 1995. MSN was once a simple online service for Windows 95, an early experiment at interactive multimedia content on the Internet, and one of the most popular dial-up Internet service providers.Microsoft used the MSN brand name to promote numerous popul

53、ar web-based services in the late 1990s, most notably Hotmail and Messenger, before reorganizing many of them in 2005 under another brand name, Windows Live. MSNs Internet portal, MSN.com, still offers a wealth of content and is currently the 9th most visited domain name on the Internet. 2. Msn Mess

54、ager MSN launched an instant messaging service in 1999 to compete with AOL Instant Messenger, which was originally known as MSN Messenger Service and was later shortened to simply MSN Messenger. Currently, the underlying technology is known as .NET Messenger Service, while Windows Live Messenger is

55、the name of the main program used to access the service. Regardless, the term MSN has come to be synonymous with the service in Internet slang.2. Related websites or Detailed Discussion of the Text1. Anatomy of Modern Friendship (Title)anatomy：n. an examination of what something i

56、s like, the way it works or why it happens 剖析；解析e.g.The task of your group is to study the anatomy of the snake. 你們組的任務(wù)是研究解剖蛇。The anatomy of modern community is a complicated but important project. 剖析現(xiàn)代社區(qū)是一個復(fù)雜而重要的工程。2. Friends have overtaken money, career and even family as the most important thing (Para. 1)overtake: v. e.g.a) . to become greater in number, amount or importance than something else 超過Its very dangerous that the drunk driver overtook many cars yesterday.。 這真是太危險了，昨天這個喝醉的司機超過了很多部車。We must make