高中英語五種基本句型

高中英語五種基本句型1 改錯(cuò) 1.It is important for you to keep yourself have a healthy life. 2.We are go to bed early and get up early too. 3. because is good for our body. 4.I hope we will more and more healthy. 5.Its can help you more healthy. 二五種基本句型主+謂 (+V ) He runs.主+謂+賓 (S+V+O) People make history.主+系+表 (S+link-V+P) Knowledge is power.主+謂+間賓+直賓 (S+V+IO+O) He gave me a book.主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ) (S+V+O+C) We call her Lily.基本句型 一:(主謂)主語表示句子主要說明的人或事物，一般由名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，不定式等充當(dāng) He runs fast.To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work. Who is speaking, please? Skating is good exercise.Whether well go depends on the weather.Two-thirds of the workers are women. 謂語說明主語的動(dòng)作，狀態(tài)或特征只有動(dòng)詞才可以充當(dāng)謂語 。Some children asked for cold drinks. I shall go to see him tomorrow. I must ask her to teach me to swim. I made your birthday cake last night.What does this word mean? I wont do it again. (不及物動(dòng)詞)1. The sunrose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly.共同特點(diǎn): 謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。鞏固練習(xí)：1她昨天回家很晚。_ 2會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。_3在過去的十年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大。_4.她盼望已久的機(jī)會(huì)終于到來了._5.會(huì)議有可能開兩個(gè)半小時(shí)._基本句型 二: + +（主謂賓）共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)賓語，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞。賓語表示動(dòng)作行為的對象，跟在及物動(dòng)詞之后，能作賓語的有名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式等。 Show your passport, please. He didnt say anything. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They asked to see my passport. I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said? 鞏固練習(xí)：1昨晚我寫了一封信。_ 2.他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。_3.這本書他讀過多次了._4.我們大家都相信Jack 是一個(gè)誠實(shí)男孩。_基本句型 三： +link- +（主系表）共同特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞。1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand；3.表示狀態(tài)變化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;表語是謂語的一部分，它位于系動(dòng)詞如be之后，說明主語身份，特征，屬性或狀態(tài)。Africa is a big continent.That remains a puzzle to me.Whats your fax number?I feel much better today.Her job is selling computers.Our next step was to get raw materials ready.The patient is out of danger.I dont feel at ease.This is what he said.鞏固練習(xí)：1. 十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了_2. 孩子們很少保持安靜。_3. 他失業(yè)了。_ 4. 樹葉已經(jīng)變黃了。_5. 這個(gè)報(bào)告聽起來很有意思。_基本句型 四： + +IO +（主謂間賓直賓）共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。He brings me cookies every day.但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人），則要借助于介詞to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。用for 側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。鞏固練習(xí)：1Johnson 先生去年教我們德語。_ 2奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。_ 3請把那本字典遞給我好嗎？_4.他用他的第一個(gè)月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣。_基本句型 五: + + +（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）賓語補(bǔ)足語: 位于賓語之后對賓語作出說明的成分?？梢杂米髻e語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞, 形容詞, 不定式,動(dòng)名詞, 分詞, 介詞短語等。共同特點(diǎn): 動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞, 但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思, 必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語, 才能使意思完整。賓語補(bǔ)足語，就是補(bǔ)充說明賓語的I consider him a gentleman. Wash your hands clean. I found him out. They left me wait. I heard my name called. I thought him to be a good man. Make yourself at home. His wife has made him what he is .用 it 做形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放到賓語補(bǔ)足語的后面，以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，是英語常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。即：主語+謂語+it+賓補(bǔ)+真正賓語。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.鞏固練習(xí)1.我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實(shí)的。_ 2.我要你把真相告訴我。_3.每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。_4.他感到很難跟你交談。_ 5.我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。_ 6.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。_ There be 句型 說明： 此句型是由“there+be+主語+狀語”構(gòu)成，用以表達(dá)存在關(guān)系可以稱“有”。 它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況，主語位于謂語動(dòng)詞 be 之后，there 僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無實(shí)際語意。此句型有時(shí)不用be動(dòng)詞，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.Be 與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如： 現(xiàn)在有 there is/are 過去有 there was/were 將來有 there will be；there is /are going to be. 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be. 肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 過去曾經(jīng)有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be 鞏固練習(xí)1.燈亮著，辦公室里肯定有人。_ 2.戰(zhàn)前這兒一直有家電影院的。_ 3.恰好那時(shí)房里沒人。_4.從前，在海邊的一個(gè)村子里住著一位老漁夫。 _5. 公共汽車來了。_注：除了基本句型的成分不變外，通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語而加以擴(kuò)大。這些修飾語可以是單詞（主要是形容詞、副詞和數(shù)詞），也可以是各種類型的短語（主要是介詞短語、不定式短語和分詞短語）。下面以基本句型五（s+v+o+o.c）為例： We found the hall full. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)禮堂坐滿了。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽一個(gè)重要報(bào)告。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs