中考真題：威海市2018年中考英語試題（含解析）

山東省威海市2018年中考英語試題一、閱讀理解AOne day Vimala and her new friend. Mary, were playing at school. Mary was a very quiet and shy girl but Vimala liked her. While jumping, Marys glasses fell off and broke. Just then the bell rang and they had to hurry to their science class.“Oh dear, Im going to be as blind as a bat. But wed better hurry. Its Miss Lees class, said Maray.At the start of the lesson, Miss Lee explained how to do the experiment to produce large eye crystals. Then she started to question the class. Nobody dared to give a wrong answer because Miss Lee was a very strict teacher Miss Lee held up a clamp(夾具) and said, What do we use it for? What do we call it? All the girls looked down, while she looked at their heads for one to pick on. Mary? she finally asked.Mary was sitting at the back of the class. She stood up and peered at Miss Lee, but she could not see clearly what the teacher was holding. She was nervous a bit and did not answer.Miss Lee repeated her question. This time she spoke more slowly and there was anger in her voice.What is this used for ? she askedVimala saw storm clouds climbing up to Miss Lees face. She knew that the storm was about to burst on Mary, so she put up her hand. Miss Lee paid no attention to her and stared through narrowed eyes at Mary, waiting for an answer.Mary did not know what to say. She looked to her left and right for help. Too seared to say out that she couldnt see clearly, Mary hoped that if she kept quiet Miss Lee would ask somebody else.Vimala guessed what was wrong, so she decided to take a risk. She jumped to her feet and said, Excuse me. Miss Lee. Mary broke her glasses just before the lesson started. I dont think she can see the clamp clearly. Then she sat down, praying (祈禱)that the ceiling would not fall on her.“Oh!” Miss Lee said, a little surprised. She had thought that Mary was refusing to answer.Now that she understood, her anger faded away. “Thank you, Vimala.” she said Then she turnedto Mary and said, “Come and look at this.”Mary left her chair and went to the front of the class.“Its a clamp.” she said. We can put it on a metal stand(支架) and use it to hold things in place.”Well, you got it right at last. Miss Lee said with a brief smile. But youd better not do any experiments until your glasses have been repaired. You can watch Vimala while she does the experiment.The storm clouds disappeared. The smile disappeared from Miss Lees face and she continued with the lesson. Vimala winked at Mary who peered at her and smiled weakly.1. Whats the matter with Marys glasses?A. They were lost. B. They were broken C. They were left at home2. Miss Lee was _ teacher.A. an English B. a science C. a math3. Why couldnt Mary answer Miss Lees question?A. Because she didnt know the answerB. Because she couldnt hear what Miss Lee was sayingC. Because she couldnt see what the teacher was holding4. The sentence Vimala saw storm clouds climbing up to Miss Lees face.” means Vimala found_A. the sky was cloudy B. a heavy storm was coming C. Miss Lee was becoming angry5. Which of the following is not right?A. Mary was quiet and shy and also as blind as a batB. Miss Lee was a strict and serious teacherC. Mary knew what a clamp was used for【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A【解析】本文介紹了Vimala和瑪麗是新的好朋友。雖然瑪麗內(nèi)向，但是Vimala很喜歡她。在一次跳高的時候，瑪麗的眼鏡掉了，結(jié)果瑪麗看不清楚東西。這時上課鈴響了，是李老師的課，她是一位非常嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的老師。在課上，李老師問了一個問題，除了瑪麗，其他的同學(xué)把頭低了下去。老師提問了瑪麗，由于看不清楚老師拿的是什么，而沒有回答出來。這時老師有點生氣。Vimala出于幫助同學(xué)的愛心，把真相告訴了老師，老師讓瑪麗走近一點，結(jié)果瑪麗正確的回答了老師的問題。老師露出了會心的微笑。本文體現(xiàn)了同學(xué)之間的友誼和老師的大度認(rèn)真。1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子While jumping, Marys glasses fell off and broke. 可知，在她們玩跳高的時候，瑪麗的眼鏡掉下來摔壞了。故選B。2. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句話At the start of the lesson, Miss Lee explained how to do the experiment to produce large eye crystals. 可知，李老師在課上解釋了如何做實驗來生產(chǎn)大眼睛晶體。說明李老師是一名科學(xué)老師，而不是英語和數(shù)學(xué)老師。故選B。3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話She stood up and peered at Miss Lee, but she could not see clearly what the teacher was holding. 可知，她看不清楚老師手里拿著什么。故選C。4. 詞意猜測題。A. the sky was cloudy天空是陰云的；B. a heavy storm was coming一場暴風(fēng)雨就要來了；C. Miss Lee was becoming angry李老師開始生氣了。題干的意思是，Vimala看到李老師的臉上有一層陰云掠過。說明李老師已經(jīng)開始生氣了。故選C。5. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題目問的是，下列哪一項不正確？根據(jù)句子Im going to be as blind as a bat.這句話是在瑪麗眼鏡掉了之后說的話。而不是眼睛不好。因此A不對。由句子Miss Lee was a very strict teacher可知，李老師是一位嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的老師。因此B對。根據(jù)句子“Its a clamp.” she said. We can put it on a metal stand(支架) and use it to hold things in place.”Well, you got it right at last. Miss Lee said with a brief smile.可知，瑪麗知道夾具的作用。因此C對。故選A。BAmanda Kitts is one of “tomorrows people” people who have artificial (人工的) body pats. She has a bionic(電子操控的)arm.Now, Kitts runs a day -care center. Children run up to her happily as she comes into the classroom. She bends over to talk with a small girl. As she bends Kitts puts her hands on her knees. For most people, this would be easy. However, just a few years ago, this was impossible for Kitts.In 2006, Kitts was in a car accident. A truck crushed(擠壞) her left arm and the doctor had tocut it off. I was angry, sad, depressed. I just couldnt accept it, she says. But then she heard about a new technique that could use the remaining nerves(神經(jīng)) in her shoulder to contort an artificial arm.In a difficult operation, a doctor moved Kittss nerves to different mens of her upper- arm muscles. For months, the nerves grew. Millimeter by millimeter, they moved deeper into their new homes. “At three months I started feeling little tingles and twitches(刺痛和抽搐),”she said. A month later, she got her first bionic arm. A research engineer worked with Kitts to make the computer programs match her real movements more and more closely.Today, Kittss arm is great, but its not yet perfect. She wants feeling in her hands. For example, she needs to feel whether something is rough or smooth. She also needs feeling to do one of her favorite things-drink coffee The problem with a paper coffee cup is that my hand will close until it gets a solid grip,” she says. One time at a coffee shop, her hand kept closing until it crushed the cup. But Kitts says positively, One day Ill be able to feel things with it, and clap my hands to the songs my kids are singing”6. What is the difference between Kitts and normal people?A. She has a bionic arm. B. She can bend C. She can put her hands on her knees7. Kitts got her first bionic arm _after the difficult operation.A. almost three months B. over one month C. more than four months8. Kitts is able to _with her bionic hand.A. clap her hands B. hold thing C. feel rough or smooth things9. Kittss attitude toward her new arm is_.A. positive B. Angry C. perfect10. Choose the right order of the eventsKitts heard about a new techniqueKitts crushed a paper coffee cupKitts had two human armsA truck hit Kittss carKitts got her first bionic armDoctors moved some of the nerves in Kittss armA. B. C. 【答案】6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】短文大意：文章介紹了阿曼達(dá)基茨在一次意外事故中失去了自己的左臂，在新技術(shù)的幫助下，她利用剩下的上臂神經(jīng)，獲得了新的仿生手臂。本文介紹了她的手臂的情況。6. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子She has a bionic(電子操控的)arm.可知，阿曼達(dá)基茨她有一個仿生手臂。故選A。7. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的句子At three months I started feeling little tingles and twitches(刺痛和抽搐),”she said. A month later, she got her first bionic arm.可知，在三個月的時候，她開始感覺到輕微的刺痛和抽搐。一個月后，她得到了她的第一個仿生手臂。因此一共是四個月，故選C。8. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A. clap her hands 拍拍手；B. hold thing拿東西；C. feel rough or smooth things感覺得到粗糙或光滑的東西。根據(jù)短文的最后一段的句子The problem with a paper coffee cup is that my hand will close until it gets a solid grip, 和句子But Kitts says positively, One day Ill be able to feel things with it, and clap my hands to the songs my kids are singing”說明，阿曼達(dá)基茨的仿生手臂可以拿東西，但是不能拍拍手和感受粗糙或光滑的東西。故選B。9. 推理判斷題。題干的意思是，阿曼達(dá)基茨對她的新手臂的態(tài)度是怎樣的。A. positive 積極地；B. Angry生氣的；C. perfect完美的。根據(jù)最后一段的句子But Kitts says positively, One day Ill be able to feel things with it, and clap my hands to the songs my kids are singing” 但阿曼達(dá)基茨積極地說，“有一天我能感覺到它，當(dāng)我的孩子們唱歌的時候，我會為他們拍拍我的手鼓掌”。說明阿曼達(dá)基茨對于她的新手臂很積極樂觀。故選A。C閱讀C篇，判斷正(A)誤(B)。請將答案編號涂卡。A表示正確，B表示錯誤。Bangladesh (孟加拉)is an agricultural country between India and Burma. Storms from the Indian Ocean sweep across the country every year, and large areas of farming land are flooded(沖毀). The people are very poor.Fewer than half of the countrys children complete their primary education. When they are six or seven years old, many children leave school to work in the fields or at home. The rest of their education consists of looking after cattle, collecting firewood or doing household jobs.Not long ago, an experimental school was opened near the capital, Dacca, to help poor children. There are only 120 children in the school, which has three classrooms. In each class, forty pupils are divided into four groups of ten. Each pupil is free to decide which group he or she wants to join.The most able pupils do a great deal of the teaching. They act as group monitors. Their duty is to ensure that all pupils in their group understand and practice what the teacher has taught.There are a number of unusual features in the Bangladesh school. Children do not move up a class automatically when they grow older. Each group is promoted (升級)only when EVERY pupil in it has succeeded in getting to the right standard. As a result, all members of a group work hard to help the less able pupils. Nobody is left behind.Lessons are extremely practical and include work on farming, carpentry, health and running a home, as well as lessons on the basic skills of reading, writing and arithmetic. At school, pupils prepare for adult life by learning to carry out almost all the tasks which they will face when they grow older.If pupils have to look after cattle or young children, they are allowed to bring them to school. If a child has to stay at home to help his parents, there is no scolding or punishment (責(zé)罰) at school. Children enjoy their lessons and the school is cheap to run. It is so successful that other schools in Bangladesh are beginning to imitate (模仿) its methods. Visitors are even coming from other agricultural countries to see if they can use a similar method.11. Many people in Bangladesh work on farms12. Most children in Bangladesh complete their primary education13. In each group, the biggest or oldest pupil is made a monitor.14. At the end of each school year, all the pupils move to a higher class15. At school, pupils learn to do almost all the tasks needed in adult life【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A【解析】短文大意：孟加拉是印度和緬甸之間的農(nóng)業(yè)國。每年的風(fēng)暴會使大片農(nóng)田被洪水淹沒。因此人民很窮。只有不到一半的兒童會完成小學(xué)教育。在學(xué)校里實行小組化教學(xué)，那些有能力的學(xué)生可以擔(dān)當(dāng)班長，負(fù)責(zé)他們小組內(nèi)的所有學(xué)生都能理解和實踐老師所教的內(nèi)容。在學(xué)校里他們會學(xué)到成人生活所需要的幾乎所有的能力。11. 根據(jù)短文的第一段Bangladesh (孟加拉)is an agricultural country between India and Burma. 可知， 孟加拉是印度和緬甸之間的農(nóng)業(yè)國。因此孟加拉很多人在農(nóng)場工作。所以第一題是正確的。故選A。12. 根據(jù)第二段的句子Fewer than half of the countrys children complete their primary education. 可知，只有不到一半的兒童完成初等教育。第二題的意思是，孟加拉大多數(shù)兒童完成初等教育。是不對的。故選B。13. 根據(jù)第四段的第一、二句The most able pupils do a great deal of the teaching. They act as group monitors.可知，最有能力的學(xué)生做大量的教學(xué)工作。他們充當(dāng)小組的班長。而不是年齡大的當(dāng)班長。故選B。14. 根據(jù)第五段的第二行Each group is promoted (升級)only when EVERY pupil in it has succeeded in getting to the right standard.可知，并不是所有的學(xué)生都能升到高一級的學(xué)校。而是每個小組中只有成功達(dá)到正確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的學(xué)生才會被提升。故選B。15. 根據(jù)短文的第六段的句子At school, pupils prepare for adult life by learning to carry out almost all the tasks which they will face when they grow older. 可知，在學(xué)校，學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)來完成今后成人生活所需要的幾乎所有的能力。因此本題的說法是正確的。故選A。點睛：本題考查如何做正誤判斷題的技巧。正誤判斷型題主要考查學(xué)生閱讀分析、理解、應(yīng)用和判斷的能力，要求根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容對所給句子即題干做出正誤判斷。此類題型依托短文內(nèi)容進行發(fā)揮，或者給出意思相近或相反的幾個句子要求辨別、判斷，或者變換詞語、句子結(jié)構(gòu)來考查同一意思的不同表達(dá)。 解題思路： D閱讀D篇，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，將下面方框中的句子還原到文章當(dāng)中，使短文內(nèi)容完整。請將答案編號涂卡。Complain(抱怨) PolitelyNot everything goes the way you want it to. You may go to a restaurant and order a nice meal. But your order is wrong or not cooked properly. You may buy a product that breaks the next day._16_However, if you speak angrily to people, they will become defensive(自衛(wèi)的). Then they are less likely to help you. A more effective (有效的)way to get what you want is to stay calm.Use polite language and a friendly tone of voice. Start with phrases such as, Im sorry to bother you, but. or Excuse me, but could you.? For example, Im sorry to bother you, but I ordered potato soup, not vegetable, Phrasing your complaint as a question also helps. _17_Could you help me? I just bought this phone case yesterday, but its cracked.”_18_There is no faster way to make someone defensive than by blaming them. Usethe phrase.“ I know this isnt your fault, but”or“There has been a misunderstanding.” _19_Blaming people isnt as important as getting a problem fixed!There are honest mistakes, but at times someone may try to take advantage of you. In that case, dont say Hey! Youre trying to cheat me! Instead, use the phrase, I understood that. For example. I understood that the service charge was included in the price. Then give the person a chance to answer.If you dont get what you want with polite conversation, ask to speak to a manager or supervisor. _20_.A. When trying to comet a problem, dont blame (責(zé)備)the person you re talking to.B. People like to be asked rather than told!C. But usually, youll find that polite words and a smile will resolve a situation.D. These kinds of experiences make you want to complain.E. These phrases let people know you are only angry at the situation【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. E 20. C【解析】本文介紹了沒有禮貌的抱怨不會解決問題，要使用禮貌的語言和友好的語調(diào)來解決遇到的問題。16. 根據(jù)短文的第一段But your order is wrong or not cooked properly. You may buy a product that breaks the next day.可知，訂單錯了或烹飪的不好吃。你購買的產(chǎn)品，次日壞了。這些都是發(fā)牢騷的原因。因此D. These kinds of experiences make you want to complain. 這些事情都會讓你想抱怨，想發(fā)牢騷。因此本題選D。17. 根據(jù)下文的句子Could you help me? I just bought this phone case yesterday, but its cracked.可知，Could you help me? 是舉例說明。怎樣才是有禮貌的請求，而不是無禮貌的告知。因此上句應(yīng)該用People like to be asked rather than told! 人們喜歡被有禮貌要求而不是無禮貌的被告知！故選B。18. 本題可以根據(jù)同一詞復(fù)現(xiàn)來做。在下文的句子中There is no faster way to make someone defensive than by blaming them.有blaming(責(zé)備)，那么選項中也應(yīng)該有blame (責(zé)備)出現(xiàn)。所以選項A正確。19. 根據(jù)上文的句子I know this isnt your fault, but” or “There has been a misunderstanding.”可知，說這些話，是針對某一種場合，或就某一件事情感到憤怒。我們的目的是解決問題。故選E。 20. 根據(jù)選項可知，只剩下C了。那么我們來看看上句的意思是，如果你不想禮貌地交談而得到你想要的東西，那么就找一位經(jīng)理或主管來說事。句子But usually, youll find that polite words and a smile will resolve a situation.中的but在這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折。引起另一個話題。句意，但是在通常情況下，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)用禮貌的語言和微笑會解決你遇到的問題。根本不用找經(jīng)理或主管。故本題選C。點睛：本題考查補全短文解題技巧這部分考題本是考查考生把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)和文章思路的能力，但實際上解答此類題是對句子或短語、語法搭配或語義搭配的綜合運用?？瞻滋幵谖闹械奈恢糜?種，即段首、段中和段尾。根據(jù)英語短文的特點，主題句一般在段首或段尾，因而當(dāng)空白處在段首出現(xiàn)時，此處考查考生掌握和概括短落大意的能力；空白處出現(xiàn)在句中時，則考查考生把握上下文之間意義聯(lián)系的能力；空白處出現(xiàn)在段尾時，考查考生掌握和概括段落大意的能力，或是根據(jù)已讀材料進行推理和判斷的能力。技巧點撥解答補全短文題型時要注意：如果基礎(chǔ)較好，可以快速瀏覽一遍原文，但不要精讀;要注意選項的中心詞和句子第一個詞、填充處前后句子的大概意思和首尾詞;要認(rèn)真閱讀空白處前后段或句子，但不要閱讀其他段落;要注意代詞的線索功能，比如空格后有It或是this，那么空格處一定有一個單數(shù)物體或事件，同時還要關(guān)注上下文語義的起承轉(zhuǎn)合等邏輯關(guān)系詞，比如轉(zhuǎn)折代表要尋找反義詞，原因要尋找合理的解釋等等。解題時牢記下面的幾個原則：就近原則在文章空白處的上下文中尋找解題的線索;時間原則出現(xiàn)時間、年代等詞語時，要注意文章中的時間與選項中的時間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系;代詞原則因為指示代詞指代前面的內(nèi)容，所以一般不能作為段落的開頭;重復(fù)原則根據(jù)語義走向一致的原則，往往上下文有重復(fù)的詞是核心詞。 E研讀E篇文字和圖表，根據(jù)情境及問題簡要作答。請將答案填寫到答題卡指定位置。Sara wants to buy a motorcycle. She sees an ad in the newspaper for a used one. She calls the telephone number in the ad. The person who is selling the motorcycle lives on Flag Street in Clifton, about 15 miles from Fairview where Sara lives. Shell take a bus to get there on Sunday.At the bus station. Sara looks through the bus schedules(時刻表). She sees one that says “Fairview, Clifton on the front. Thats what Sara needs.Please look at the bus schedule carefully. Then help Sara make her decision, and answer the following questions.21. Why does Sara want to go to Flag Street?22. What bus can Sara take according to the schedule?23. Sara decides to arrive at Flag Street before 12: 00 by the No. 7 bus. What time should the bus leave Fairview Station?24. When Sara gets on the No. 7 bus, she finds that Flag Street stop has been closed because of the street repairs. She has to get off at another stop, Look at the schedule again, where should Sara get off the bus so that she can have a shorter walk to Flag Street?25. Now Sara is on Flag Street. She wants to visit a friend on her returning trip. Her friend isaround the corner of Church and North Street. Which is the proper bus for her to take and whereto get on the bus?【答案】21. Because she wants to buy a(second hand/ used)motorcycleBecause she wants to see/meet the motorcycle seller. 22. No 6(bus)and No. 7(bus)/No. 6(bus) or No. 7(bus) 23. At10:27./At10:27am/A.M. 24. At Branch Ranch(Station ). /At Branch(Street). /At Ranch(Street) 25. To take the No. 6bus and get on the bus at North & Ranch Station/The No 6 bus, and at North &Ranch Station【解析】本文為文字和圖表閱讀題。內(nèi)容介紹了薩拉看見一則售二手摩托車的廣告，車主在克利夫頓旗街，她需要乘公共汽車去那里。圖片給出了路線圖和時間表。21. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)句子The person who is selling the motorcycle lives on Flag Street in Clifton, about 15 miles from Fairview where Sara lives. 可知，賣摩托車的人住在克利夫頓旗街，離薩拉住的費爾維尤大約15英里。因此Sara想去克利夫頓旗街找賣摩托車的人。所以答案為Because she wants to buy a(second hand/ used)motorcycle或Because she wants to sec/meet the motorcycle seller. 22. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表可知從Fairview到 Clifton有兩班車，一班是6路車，一班是7路車。因此Sara可以乘這兩路車的那班都行。所以答案為No 6(bus)and No. 7(bus)/No. 6(bus) or No. 7(bus) 23. 根據(jù)圖表可知，薩拉決定在十二點前乘7路公共汽車到達(dá)旗街。她應(yīng)該在上午的10:27離開Fairview車站，到達(dá)旗街是上午的11:20。符合要求。所以答案為At10:27./At10:27am/A.M. 24. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 本題的意思是，當(dāng)薩拉坐上7路公共汽車時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)旗街站因為街道修繕而關(guān)閉了。她必須在另一站下車，再看一下日程安排，薩拉應(yīng)該在哪里下車，這樣她可以走更短的路到旗街？根據(jù)上面的路線圖可知，薩拉可以在Branch Ranch車站下車，或在Branc街下車或者是Ranch街下車。這三個地方離旗街很近。所以答案為At Branch Ranch(Station ). /At Branch(Street). /At Ranch(Street)25. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干的意思是，現(xiàn)在薩拉在國旗街上。她想去拜訪一位朋友。她的朋友位于教堂和北街的十字路口處。哪一輛公共汽車適合她坐？她可以在哪里上公共汽車？根據(jù)上面的路線圖可知，經(jīng)過教堂和北街的十字路口處的車輛是6路車，她可以在North & Ranch車站上車。因此答案為To take the No. 6bus and get on the bus