英語(yǔ)人教版九年級(jí)全冊(cè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.docx

九年級(jí)第二輪總復(fù)習(xí)教案（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）1、 Teaching aims:（教學(xué)目標(biāo)）1、 掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)和用法2、 熟練運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2、 Teaching difficulties and keys:（教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)）1、 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法2、 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)3、 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)及用法（動(dòng)詞的ing形式和to do形式）三、Teaching procedures:（教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)）Step 1、語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者?？键c(diǎn)1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（助動(dòng)詞有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化）1).一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：is /am /are +過(guò)去分詞English is spoken by many people.Tea is grown in Southeast China.Are they made in China ?Where is it made ?2).一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was / were +過(guò)去分詞A lot of flowers were planted along the street last month.Another classroom building was built last year .Some new computers were inverted by scientists.3).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：is / am /are + being+過(guò)去分詞A new bridge is being built over there .The flowers are being watered by Mr Li now .4).現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has +been+過(guò)去分詞Man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries in the world.The work has been finished on time.5).一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will /shall/be going to+be+過(guò)去分詞The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon.The wind will be stopped from blowing the earth away.6).含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：can /may /must +過(guò)去分詞The work can be finished in a month.A large hole must be dug .Books cant be taken out of the reading room .考點(diǎn)2、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1).主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)。（賓語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，要將賓格變?yōu)橹鞲瘢?).主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3).主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ)，組成介詞短語(yǔ)，放在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，在動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者無(wú)須說(shuō)明或不必強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，by短語(yǔ)可以省略。4).主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)要保持一致。We repaired the motor.The motor was repaired by us.考點(diǎn)3、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法1).當(dāng)我們不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)時(shí).Those books are written for children.This jacket is made of cotton.2).動(dòng)作的承受者是談話的中心，并用介詞by引導(dǎo)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。Food is needed by us all .The room is cleaned by me every day .The book was translated into English by me .This song was written by a friend of mine .The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday evening .The tree was blown down by the strong wind .3).一些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，因此短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的詞組，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。The child is taken good care of by his grandparents .Why cant the word be looked up in this dictionary?The lights must be turned off .A short play will be put on at the party .4).帶雙賓語(yǔ)（即直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)）的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可將其中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，另一個(gè)不變。一般把間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)顯得自然些，把直接賓語(yǔ)留作被動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)。如果把直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，則要在間接賓語(yǔ)前加介詞（一般是for或to）He gave me a book. I was given a book (by him )A book was given to me (by him).5).主動(dòng)句中動(dòng)詞make , let ,have ,see ,hear , feel 等后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式都需去掉to，即后接不帶的動(dòng)詞不定式。但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，后面的不定式須加上to .I often hear her sing .She is often heard to sing.His parents made him clean his teeth after every meal.He was made to clean his teeth after every meal by his parents.6).疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Who spoke English in the next room a moment ago ?By whom was English spoken in the next room a moment ago ?Or: Who was English spoken by in the next room a moment ago?7)有些動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)含義。Great changes have taken place in our country since 1979.This kind of car sells well .What happened yesterday ?The shop opens at seven .Young trees need watering well .The window wants repairing.8)need , require , want當(dāng)需要講時(shí)，后加動(dòng)名詞，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，也可用動(dòng)詞不定式表示被動(dòng)意義。This desk needs repairing/ to be repaired .9)有些被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)成了習(xí)慣用法。It is said that.據(jù)說(shuō).It is (was) reported that.據(jù)報(bào)道.It is well-known that.眾所周知.Step 2、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也叫動(dòng)詞的非限定形式，包括現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)名詞、過(guò)去分詞和不定式，它們不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而是與一定的助動(dòng)詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，或在句子中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等，在形式上不受主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的制約?？键c(diǎn)1、動(dòng)名詞：動(dòng)名詞是由動(dòng)詞+ -ing構(gòu)成的，其作用相當(dāng)于名詞，可用來(lái)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。Taking a walk after supper is good for your health .Betty likes reading books very much .考點(diǎn)2、動(dòng)詞不定式：動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能做謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，它還具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。它的形式是to+動(dòng)詞原形，否定式為not to+動(dòng)詞原形。(1)作主語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)（it無(wú)詞義），而將動(dòng)詞不定式放在后面，其形式為：It+be+形容詞+（for sb.）+ 動(dòng)詞不定式To learn a foreign language is important now.It is important to learn a foreign language.Its necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day.Its too heavy for the boy to carry the box. .It takes him a quarter to cut the hair .(2)作賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式一般不作介詞賓語(yǔ)，常作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，這些動(dòng)詞有want,begin ,start , like ,forget ,ask ,learn, decide , wish等The boy wants to go to school.He began to learn French three years ago .動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用得很廣泛，如：He asked me to help him.Tell him not to be late .My parents tell me to study English hard .I would like you to meet my English teacher .動(dòng)詞不定式在感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,hear,feel和使役動(dòng)詞let, make,have等詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，常省去不定式符號(hào)to 。另外在had better后也不帶to ，help后可帶可不帶to .I hear him sing every night .Lets go to school together .Her mother makes her do her homework every evening .Youd better stay at home .I often help my mother (to) do some washing .疑問(wèn)詞+不定式作賓語(yǔ)，如：He didnt know where he should go .He didnt know where to go .I dont know what I should do .I dont know what to do .We havent decided when well leave here .We havent decided when to leave here .(3)作表語(yǔ)，在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)Her work is to look after the babies.(4)作定語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，需放在被修飾的名詞之后。I have quite a lot of homework to do .(5)作狀語(yǔ)，表示目的、原因、結(jié)果He came here to see his father .Im sorry to hear that .Tom is too young to go to school.Step 3、反饋練習(xí)1.He gave us some advice on how_ English. A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. Learn2. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. A . to clean B . cleaning C . cleaned D . being cleaned3 .Is_necessary to change trains at Beijing? A . This B. that C. itD. he4.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing. A .to see B .seeing C.