英語時(shí)態(tài)圖表歸納.doc

英語時(shí)態(tài)圖表歸納概念時(shí)間狀語基本結(jié)構(gòu)一般疑問句否定形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。often; usually; every;sometimes; always;never;once/twice/ a week/month/year;on Sundays/Mondays/.;1. be動(dòng)詞用am/is/are表示。2.行為動(dòng)詞用V原形；或V-s/es（主語為單數(shù)第三人稱時(shí)）1.把a(bǔ)m/is/are放于句首。2.借助助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語又為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)還原為動(dòng)詞原形。1.am/is/are+not2.此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont；若主語又為第三人稱單數(shù)，則加doesnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般過去時(shí)過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)； 過去 習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。yesterday;the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/.; ago; a moment ago;just now;on/in+過去的時(shí)間;1.be動(dòng)詞用was/were2.行為動(dòng)詞用V-ed1.把was或 were提到句首。2.借助助動(dòng)詞did提問，同時(shí)還原為動(dòng)詞原形。1.was/were+ not2. 在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般將來時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。tomorrow；the day after tomorrow; soon; next week/month/year/.; the week/month/year/. after next; on/in +將來的時(shí)間；in+一段時(shí)間；.1.am/is/are going to + V原形2.shallwillV原形1.把a(bǔ)m/is/are提到句首。2. 把will/shall提到句首。1.am/is/are+not+ going todo2.will shallnot+ do過去將來時(shí)表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)候看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。the next/following day/week/month/year;多用在賓語從句中1.would+ V原形2.was/ were going to + V原形1. 把would 提到句首。2. 把was 或were提到句首。1.would+not+do2.was/were +not+ going to +do現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。now；at present;at the moment;Look!(放在句首);Listen! (放在句首);am/ is/ are +V-ing把a(bǔ)m/is/are提到句首。am/ is/ are +not +doing過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或行為。at that time;at this time yesterday;at+時(shí)間點(diǎn)+yesterday/last night;at that moment;was/ were+ V-ing把was或were提到句首。was/ were+ not+ doing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。already；just；before;yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/for+一段時(shí)間；since +時(shí)間點(diǎn)；since+一段時(shí)間+ago; by+現(xiàn)在時(shí)間；so far; up to now; till now; until now; recently；lately; during/over/in the past/last years/.have/ has +p.p把have或has提到句首。have/ has +not+ done過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或情況。過去的過去：by+過去的時(shí)間；表“過去某動(dòng)作或時(shí)間以前”的時(shí)間狀語;由said, asked, told, thought等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.had+ p.p把had提到句首。had+ not+ done補(bǔ)充：完成時(shí)態(tài)可用在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：This(That, It)is(was )the first(second.)time+定語從句：This(That, It)is(was) the only (last)+名詞+定語從句；This (This, It)is (was)+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+定語從句。如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用過去完成時(shí)。例1：This is the first time(that )Ive drunk Californian champagne.這是我第一次喝加利福尼亞香檳酒。例2：There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.有人敲門，這是當(dāng)天晚上第二次有人打擾我了。6.動(dòng)詞expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用過去完成時(shí)，表示過去的希望，預(yù)期，意圖或愿望等沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)。例1：I had meant to leave to on Monday, but have stayed on.我本來打算星期一離開，但最終還是繼續(xù)留下來了。另外一種表示“過去想做而未做的事”的表達(dá)方式是：7.was / were+ to have done sth. 和intended (expected, hoped, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired)+ to have done sth.例1：We were to have come yesterday, but we couldnt.我們本想昨天來的，但我們來不了。例：1I mean to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.我本想告訴你這件事，但我忘掉了。9.過去完成時(shí)常用于以下固定句型：(1)hardly / scarcely / barely+過去完成時(shí)(倒裝形式)+when +過去時(shí)例1：Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with.我一到達(dá)就有新問題要處理。(2)