新人教版選修82020學年高中英語Unit2CloningSectionⅣGrammar測試卷

Section Grammar & Writing課時作業(yè). 單句語法填空1She couldnt resist crying (cry) when her father objected to her going to the party. 2The biggest disadvantage is that there are often limits on what you can sell with this approach. 3(2017皖北卷)I didnt say that I wanted to buy it but merely (mere) asked for the price. 4I think it is her personality rather than her looks that has struck me. 5My father forbids(forbid) me to play computer games unless I finish all my homework. 6The wellknown scientist always says that he owes (owe) all his success to the support of his family. 7It is reasonable (reason) to forgive him. After all, he is only a child. 8Honey, look at your mistake in spelling this word, or you would have obtained (obtain) full marks in this exam. 9Having retired(retire) from business, he now occupies himself with his garden. 10Its reported that theres a big breakthrough in the cancer treatment. . 閱讀理解ACloning has the potential to change society. For some, its a welcome development designed to make our lives easier. For others, it represents a threat to the health and balance of society, especially from a moral perspective. Looking at these cloning pros and cons, its important to consider the scientific, financial, and social aspects of cloning processes. From a scientific perspective, cloning can be considered major progress. Scientists arent limited by population. Its also possible to clone pieces of living things. However, cloning changes the natural order of life and death. Why should scientists have to treat an animal well in the lab if they can just make more? As a result, scientists may become lazy or careless with the living things they work on. Cloning is a major business. Medical research groups have invested millions of dollars in making cloning possible. As a result, they can make big profits from selling cloning services to hospitals and the public. However, the wealth they achieve doesnt mean that cloning itself is a profitable trial. For example, while a company may clone an organ, its price may be too high to afford. As a result, only rich people and governments could use cloning products. As a whole, cloning for society can be debated for hours. On one hand, you have religious groups, who say that cloning is wrong. On the other hand, you have many people who are looking forward to making clones of themselves so that the clone can serve as a worker and leave the original person to enjoy a life of relaxation and wealth. 【解題導語】人們對克隆問題意見不統(tǒng)一， 有人贊成， 也有人反對。但作者認為應該全面思考克隆的問題。1We can conclude from the first paragraph that _. Aopinions about cloning vary from person to personBmore people think little of the benefits of cloningCcloning has the potential to change society for betterDpeople should think of cloning in a more scientific way解析：選A推理判斷題。從第一段的內容可知， 人們對克隆問題意見不統(tǒng)一， 有人贊成， 也有人反對。但作者認為應該全面思考克隆的問題。2. Why do some people think cloning has a bad effect on scientific experiments? AMore money may be spent in cloning other living things. BScientists will become careless with their experiments. CCloning may disturb the balance of nature and wildlife. DScientists may ignore the living things they work on. 解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。從第三段中的“As a result, scientists may become lazy or careless with the living things they work on. ”可知， 克隆用于科學實驗時， 人們擔心科學家們會忽視實驗的對象。3. What is the disadvantage of cloning products put into the market? AMore fake cloning products will crowd into the market soon. BOnly a limited group would have access to cloning products. CPatients have to buy cloning products from hospitals or governments. DScientists may pay attention to quantity of cloning products rather than quality. 解析：選B推理判斷題。從第四段中的“As a result, only rich people and governments could use cloning products. ”可知， 因為克隆成本高， 克隆產品投放到市場后， 并不是所有人都買得起， 只有有錢人和政府能夠支付得起。BScience and technology have advanced at such a rate that cloning has now become a reality. The possibility of cloning humans is a serious issue and raises ethical(倫理的) problems. In my opinion，cloning is useful for research into cures for disease. However，I think that it needs to be approached with caution and carefully monitored by governments. Research into cloning and stem cell production is primarily aimed at finding new treatments for currently incurable illnesses. While this would improve the quality of life for many, not enough is understood about what effects cloning would have on the world in the future. This is primarily because we do not understand enough about the results of cloning and both the physical and psychological effects that it is likely to have on cloned humans and on the rest of the world. Furthermore，it is thought that a cloned human would be unlikely to survive birth and would suffer from complications (并發(fā)癥) resulting from malformed(畸形) organs. There are also serious ethical issues in danger. In essence(在本質上), those who are against cloning would argue that scientists have no right to play God and to interfere(干擾)with natural processes. Producing embryos for the purpose of harvesting stem cells for research presents important questions about the nature and status of the embryo being produced. It may also make us question whether throwing it away after use reduces the value we place on human life. In conclusion，I do not agree that research into cloning using human embryos should continue. This is not only because it may reduce the value we place on human life，but also because not enough is known about the effects. However, I do think that if there is a way to produce stem cells using cloning which does not put human life at risk, then governments should continue to support it. 【解題導語】這篇文章主要講了作者對于克隆的觀點。作者認為如果在可控范圍內， 克隆對研究治愈疾病是非常有幫助的。作者認為如果干細胞研究對人類的生活無害，政府應該繼續(xù)支持。 4What is the writers general opinion on cloning?AIt is useful in every area of research. BIt needs to be carefully controlled by governments. CIt is useful for research into cures for disease if it is controlled. DIt is only useful for research into cures for disease. 解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“In my opinion, cloning is useful for research into cures for disease. However, I think that it needs to be approached with caution and carefully monitored by governments. ” 可知，作者對于克隆的觀點是， 如果在可控范圍內， 它對研究治愈疾病是非常有幫助的。5. The underlined word “approached” in the first paragraph means “_”Areached a high level or amountBmoved forwardCcome nearDdealt with解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者認為克隆人的問題需要小心謹慎處理、對待， 可猜出“approach”意思是“處理，對待”。 6. The writers main reason against cloning is that _. Anot enough is known about the effects of cloning Ba cloned human would be likely to die of malformed organs Ccloning has negative physical and psychological effects on clones Dit would affect the quality of life for many 解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“.not enough is understood about what effects cloning would have on the world in the future. This is primarily because we do not understand enough about the results of cloning and both the physical and psychological effects that it is likely to have on cloned humans and on the rest of the world. ” 可知，作者反對克隆的主要原因是因為對于克隆的影響， 人們了解得不夠多。7. In the last paragraph，the writer thinks governments should _. Anot put human life at riskBsupport all forms of research into stem cell productionCnot support any form of research into stem cell productionDsupport research into stem cell production harmless to human life 解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“However，I do think that if there is a way to produce stem cells using cloning which does not put human life at risk，then governments should continue to support it. ”可知，作者認為如果干細胞研究對人類的生活無害，政府應該繼續(xù)支持。. 語法填空Discoveries about the nature of DNA in the 1940s made 1. _ possible for cloning experiments to progress. In 1944 the discovery that genetic information for each cell was kept in the cells DNA gave scientists new ways to attempt 2. _ (clone) animals. The first cloned animal was a tadpole that was cloned in 1952. Thomas JKing and Robert WBriggs believed，3. _ (base) on their clones, the young cells were more viable (可生長發(fā)育的) for the cloning process than adult cells. The next successful cloning experiments also resulted 4. _ cloned frogs. John Gurdon cloned South African frogs in 1962. His experiments proved that the previous theory that adult cells were 5. _ (able) to be used in the cloning process was wrong. From 1962 to 1965, more frog clones 6. _ (create) from adult frog cells. While animal cloning had been the focus of cloning 7. _ (experiment)，the 1960s also saw other types of cloning. In 1964 FC. Steward 8. _ (undertake) an experiment in which he took an adult cell from a carrot plant and successfully cloned the plant. So far more than 20 different animals,9. _(include) dogs, cats, and the famous Dolly, have been cloned,10. _ human cloning research has been forbidden in many countries. 【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了DNA的發(fā)現(xiàn)給動物克隆提供了新方法。從1952年開始，到現(xiàn)在已經克隆了二十多種不同的動物，但對于人類的克隆在許多國家還是被禁止的。1解析：makeit形容詞to do sth. 在此句式中it是形式賓語， 后面的動詞不定式是真正的賓語。故填it。答案：it2解析：attempt to do sth. 意為“企圖做某事”。故填to clone。答案：to clone3解析：過去分詞短語作狀語。(be) based on.意為“以為基礎”。答案：based4. 解析：result in意為“引起，導致”。句意：接下來成功的克隆實驗也會導致克隆青蛙。故填in。答案：in5解析：句意： 成熟的細胞不能用在克隆過程中的理論是錯誤的。故填unable。答案：unable6解析：由前面的時間狀語可知用一般過去時， 由clones與create的邏輯關系可知用被動語態(tài)。答案：were created7解析：experiment為可數(shù)名詞， 前面沒有冠詞， 故應用復數(shù)形式。答案：experiments8解析：根據(jù)In 1964可知用一般過去時態(tài)， 故填undertook。答案：undertook9解析：本句中謂語為have been cloned, 由此可判斷include要用非謂語動詞形式； 此外， include與其邏輯主語構成主動關系， 故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。答案：including10解析：句意：已有20多種動物被克隆， 包括狗、貓和著名的多莉羊， 但是克隆人類的研究已經被禁止。根據(jù)句意可判斷前后是轉折關系， 故填but。答案：but. 書面表達假定你是紅星中學高三的學生李華，獲悉美