Unit 3, Book 1.doc

Unit Three, Book OneUnit Three The PresentPreparation: Focus Listening and Speaking. unit 5 meeting people (1) Listening and Oral Practice. unit 6 meeting people (2) Listening and Oral Practice. Intensive Reading. Before Reading1. An English Song Happy Birthday to YouBackground InformationHappy Birthday to You, the four-line song was written as a classroom greeting in 1893 by two American teachers, Mildred J. Hill, and Dr. Patty Smith Hill. The melody of the song Happy Birthday to You was composed by Mildred J. Hill, a schoolteacher. The song was first published in 1893, with the lyrics written by her sister, Patty Smith Hill.Happy Birthday to You was copyrighted in 1935 and renewed in 1963. The song was apparently written in 1893, but first copyrighted in 1935 after a lawsuit.In 1988, Birch Tree Group, Ltd. sold the rights of the song to Warner Communications for an estimated $25 million.In the 1980s, the song Happy Birthday to You was believed to generate about $1 million in royalties annually. With Auld Lang Syne and For Hes a Jolly Good Fellow, it is among the three most popular songs in the English language. Warm-up Exercises 1. How does your family celebrate the birthdays of your grandparents?2. How do you usually celebrate your birthday? What do your parents do for you on this special occasion?3. Do you know your parents birthday? What do you do for that? Global Reading1. Part Division of the Text Part 1 1-5 The old lady, filled with expectation, got up early on her birthday. Part 2 6-43 The old lady looked forward to something special from her daughter Myra. Part 3 44-61 The present from Myra turned out to be a printed card plus a check. The old lady tore the check into little bits. 2. Discourse Analysis of the Story:Directions: Scan the text and list the basic elements for the story.SettingTime: the old ladys birthday Place: on the second floor flatCharactersthe old lady, Enid, Myra, Johnnie, Mrs. Morrison, Mrs. GrantPlotThe old lady had expected a present from her daughter Myra and was disappointed to receive only a check.ClimaxThe moment when the old lady received only a check for her 80th birthday and she tore it into bits with trembling figures.Point of viewThe story is in the third person.Chronological structureThe story is organized through the use of time references.FlashbackThe old lady recalled how Enid died on the operating table and what Myra had done for her afterwards.ThemeBlood is thicker than water. Our parents and relatives are more important to us than others.Reading Comprehension Questions1. What was the special occasion? How old was the old lady?It was the old ladys birthday. She was eighty.2. Whom did the old lady love more, Myra or Enid? Why?The old lady was proud of Myra, but Enid was the daughter she loved. Enid had never married, but had seemed contented to live with her mother, and teach in a primary school round the corner.3. Why was the old lady proud of Myra?Myra herself had got a medal for her work for the aged and her husband had been made Mayor, even if she seldom wrote at other times.4. What can we infer from paragraph 3?We can guess that Myra was doing Charitable undertaking. It is quite ironic that Myra did a lot for the old and helpless in the society while she was so thoughtless for her old mother. Therefore the apparent meaning of this sentence is just the opposite to the intended meaning.5. What present did the old lady expect?A pair of slippers perhaps. Or a new cardigan. A cardigan would be lovely. Blues such a pretty colour. Jim had always liked her in blue. Or a table lamp. Or a book, a travel book, with pictures, or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things.6. What did her neighbors do for the old ladys 80th birthday?Yesterday Mrs. Morrison had given the flat an extra clean, and today she had brought a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do the breakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake, and in the afternoon she was going down there to tea. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up with a packet of mints, and said he wouldnt go out to play until the post had come.7. What does paragraph 14 suggest?This suggests that the old lady was listening for the boys footsteps in her room, eagerly and attentively.8. What does “That was it” in paragraph 19 mean?That was the reason why the parcel had not come yet. “That was it” is an idiomatic expression which often means “That explained what had happened”.9. Why did the old lady feel so hurt when she got the check from her daughter?A check is impersonal. The daughter did not take time to consider her mothers favourite colour of her favourite things. She did not consider her mothers psychological need on this day. She was so insensitive to her possible reaction to a “present”. The card plus cheque symbolizes obligation but with no sincere feelings. Myra regarded her work with strangers as more important than the happiness of her own old mother. She had received a medal for her work with the aged and justified her three brief visits in two long years by saying she was too busy with her work. It is ironic that Myra received an award for her work with the aged and yet treated her mother so shamefully. It seems that everyone in the neighborhood was aware that the old womans 80th birthday fell on that day. They regarded it as an important occasion, and even the small boy showed an interest in her anticipated gift and was ready to help. These people had pity for the old lady because she had to spend her birthday alone and no present of value arrived for her, not even from her daughter.10. How do you understand that blood is thicker than water?By saying “Blood is thicker than water”, we mean that family members or our relatives are more important than others (friends, neighbors, etc.). Not only should we be always considerate and helpful to our family members but also we should take the responsibility or obligation to make them happy.Detailed ReadingThey say that blood is thicker than water, that our relatives are more important to us than others. Everyone was so kind to the old lady on her birthday. Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort to please her? The Present presentn. gift Id like to send Mary a wedding presentv. give; introduce 那個小女孩把一束花獻給女王。The little girl presented a bouquet to the Queen (=presented the Queen with a bouquet).Collocation: at present現(xiàn)在for the present暫時1It was the old ladys birthday.2She got up early to be ready for ready for sth.: prepared and fit for use準備好上課了嗎？Are you ready for class?準備聽寫。Get ready for dictation.Collocation: be ready to do sth. 準備好做某事 the post. post:n. letters, parcel, etc.圣誕節(jié)時信件很多。 There is always a lot of post at Christmas.v. take (a letter, parcel) to a post office or put into a collection box for sendingPlease post this letter at the post office, dont post it in the box at the corner. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare rare: adj1) unusual; not often happening or seenIt is rare for her to go out at night.2) (of a substance, esp. atmosphere) thin, not denseThe Tibetans are used to the rare air around the Himalayas. CF: rare, occasional & scarce 這些形容詞均含“稀罕的，很少發(fā)生的”之意。occasional指偶然、間或發(fā)生的事，側(cè)重?zé)o規(guī)律可循。scarce指暫時不易發(fā)現(xiàn)、不存在或數(shù)量不足，供不應(yīng)求的東西。rare指難得發(fā)生的事或難遇見的人或事，側(cè)重特殊性。Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. Esther used to visit him for the days and weekends.2. Food was and expensive during the war time. 3. I think it is very to have big families nowadays.4. I have had mild headaches all my life.occasions occasion: n. special event; time when sth. happensProf. Smith is not a stranger to us. Weve met him on several occasions.Collocation: on the occasion of在場合下on occasion（= sometimes）有時have an occasion to do sth. 有機會做某事on rare occasion很少有機會when anything came. What can we learn from this part?The old ladys daughter and her relatives and friends seldom sent her letters or parcels. If anything did come by post, the boy would bring it up for her.3Today she was sure there would be something. Myra wouldnt forget her mothers birthday, even if she seldom wrote at other times. Of course Myra was busy. Her husband had been made make: (followed by an object and complement) cause to be or becomeThey made him Chairman of the Students Union. 他把他的含意說明白。He made himself understood.Collocation: make for走向，向前進make fun of取笑make it辦成功，做到make out填寫，開列，理解，辨認出make use of利用Mayor, and Myra herself had got a medal for her work for the aged. 1）. Can you guess what kind of work Myra took?Charitable undertaking.2）. What rhetorical device did the author use? Irony.3）. And what can we infer from this part?It is quite ironic that Myra did a lot for the old and helpless in the society while she was so thoughtless for her old mother. Therefore the apparent meaning of this sentence is just the opposite to the intended meaning.4The old lady was proud of Myra, but Enid was the daughter she loved. Enid had never married, but had seemed content to content to (do sth.): pleased to (do sth.); satisfied to (do sth.)Will you be content to wait till tomorrow?那對老年夫婦似乎對整晚坐在電視機前看電視感到滿意。The old couple seem content to sit in front of the television all evening.Pattern:be content with滿足于to ones hearts content心滿意足live with her mother, and teach in a primary primary: adj.1) first, as in order, time or placePrimary education is compulsory in our country.2) main; first in importanceOur history professor explained the primary cause of the First World War.Note: for a “primary school”, American people say as “elementary school”. school round the corner. round (around) the corner: very near; nearbyThe teaching building is just round the corner.春節(jié)就要到了。The Spring Festival is just round the corner.5. One evening, however, Enid said, “Ive arranged for arrange for: make plans in advance about (sth. for sb.); organize for (sth. to be done)We have arranged for the car to come at nine.他去英國安排兒子的教育事宜。He went to England to arrange for his boys education. Mrs. Morrison to look after you for a few days, Mother. Tomorrow I have to go into hospital just a minor minor: adj. smaller; less important or seriousThe house is in good condition; it needs just a few minor repairs.Jim had a minor problem with his car, but he fixed it himself.operation. operate: v1. perform surgery; workHe has his left knee operated on last Monday. 2. manage; makeworkDo you know how to operate this machine?以上第一條詞義中operate作為不及物動詞使用；第二條詞義中作為及物動詞使用。 Ill soon be home.”6. In the morning she went, but never came back she died on the operating table. Myra came to the funeral, and in her efficient efficient: adj. capableOur organization is a simple and efficient structure.既然你如此的忙，你確實需要一個很能干的秘書。Since you are so busy, you do need a very efficient secretary.CF effective & efficient 這兩個形容詞均有“有效的”之意。effective側(cè)重產(chǎn)生實際的效果或具有取得預(yù)期效果的能力，指人指物都適用。efficient側(cè)重指積極有效，效率高，效果好。指人時，強調(diào)其能干、熟練的技巧。Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. This is a very method.2. Our new machines are much cheaper to run.3. Mary turned out to be an secretary.4. His efforts to improve the school have been very .way arranged for Mrs. Morrison to come in and light the fire and give the old lady her breakfast.7. Two years ago that was, and since then Myra had been to see her mother three times, but her husband never.8. The old lady was eighty today. She had put on her best dress. Perhaps perhaps Myra might come. What does this sentence imply?This is the old ladys soliloquy(內(nèi)心獨白). She expects Myra to come she wishes Myra would come but she has doubts about her coming. The repetition of “perhaps” and the word “might” indicate her uncertainty.After all, after all: when everything has been considered; neverthelessBob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had too much homework, but he went after all.I think we should let Mary go camping with her classmates. After all, she is a big girl now.我想我們應(yīng)該讓瑪麗與她的同學(xué)去野營。畢竟她現(xiàn)在是個大女孩了。Collocationall but幾乎，差一點all in all總的說來for all盡管above all首先all at once突然 eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured endure: v. suffer; bear; put up withThe company had to endure heavy financial losses.Give me a painkiller. I cant endure any longer.作為一名消防隊員，你必須準備忍受困苦，甚至犧牲自己。As a fireman, you must be ready to endure hardships and even suffer death.just as you chose to choose to: decide to; prefer toYou may do just as you choose to.You can improve your listening comprehension if you choose to.look at it. 1. Paraphrase this sentence An eightieth birthday is special because not everyone can live so long. It marks the end of another ten-year period you have lived through or endured, depending on your point of view. 2. Whats the function of “another decade lived or endured”?“Another decade lived or endured” is an absolute construction, serving as an adverbial of manner. In fact, this is a comment made by the author, reminding the reader that life can be enjoyment or suffering and views on life can be different accordingly.3. Translate the sentence into Chinese.畢竟80壽辰是個非同尋常的日子。你又活了10年，或者是熬了10年。是活是熬就在于你怎么看。9. Even if Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was sure of that. Two spots spot:v. mark different in color from what it is on; stainIt is difficult to get rid of spots of ink and bloodn. a particular placeHe happened to be on the spot when the robbery took place.搶劫案發(fā)生時他碰巧在場。of colour brightened her cheeks. She was excited like a child. She would enjoy her day.10. Yesterday Mrs. Morrison had given the flat an extra extra: adj. additionalThey did a lot of extra work but refused to take any extra pay.clean, and today she had brought a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do the breakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake, and in the afternoon she was going down there to tea. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up with a packet of mints, and said he wouldnt go out to play until the post had come.11. “I guess youll get lots and lots of presents,” he said. “I did last week when I was six.”12. What would she like? A pair of slippers perhaps. Or a new cardigan. A cardigan would be lovely. Blues such a pretty colour. Jim had always liked her in blue. Or a table lamp. Or a book, a travel book, with pictures, or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things. What does this sentence mean?There were so many nice things the old woman wanted to have, but she would be very pleased to get any kind of birthday present from her daughter.13. She stood by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat fast. Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.14. Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door. What does this sentence suggest?This suggests that the old lady was listening for the boys footsteps in her room, eagerly and attentively.15. “Granny, granny,” he shouted, “Ive got your post.”16. He gave her four envelopes. Three were unsealed cards from old friends. The fourth was sealed, in Myras writing. The old lady felt a pang of disappointment disappoint: v. fail to fulfill the hope of (a person)He was disappointed to hear/at hearing that she would not come that day.努力工作，不要讓你父母失望。Work hard. Dont disappoint your parents.Collocation: feel/express disappointment感到/表達失望to ones disappointment令某人失望的是be disappointed about/at/with sth. 對某事失望 be disappointed in/with sb. 對某人失望. What does this sentence imply?Immediately she felt very disappointed and her heart began to ache sharply.17. “No parcel, Johnnie?”18. “No, granny.”19. Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. What does this sentence mean?That was the reason why the parcel had not come yet. “That was it” is an idiomatic expression which often means “That explained what had happened”. It would come later by parcel post. She must be patient.20. Almost reluctantly reluctantly: adj. unwillinglyAlmost reluctantly she picked up the phone.she tore the envelope open. Folded fold: v. bend into two or more partsAfter writing the letter, Mary folded it and put it in an envelope.Collocation: folding doors/chairs/beds/boats折疊門/椅/床/船in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday Buy yourself something nice with the cheque, Myra and Harold.21. The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broke