初中英語(yǔ)人教版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)課之形容詞副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) .docx

人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)課之形容詞副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)教案 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1)復(fù)習(xí)并掌握形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法。2)培養(yǎng)對(duì)不同事物進(jìn)行比較的意識(shí)。3)學(xué)生能夠了解并掌握這一語(yǔ)法的規(guī)則，并將這一技能運(yùn)用到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)1. 形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的用法以及變化規(guī)則。 2.形容詞副詞原級(jí)、比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。教學(xué)過(guò)程1. 導(dǎo)入新課 復(fù)習(xí)了解形容詞adj.和副詞adv.區(qū)分 （一）形容詞主要用來(lái)描寫(xiě)或修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、 狀態(tài)、特征、或?qū)傩裕Ｓ米鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)，也可作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ) 1.adj. + 名 ； 2.系動(dòng)詞+ adj. ； 3.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 + sb./sth. + adj.（2） 副詞adv.是指在句子中表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞，用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念. 1.動(dòng)詞（不含系動(dòng)詞） + adv. 2.adv. + adj./adv. 3.adv.+句子 二、復(fù)習(xí)形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法 （一）形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)（1）用法： 用于兩者（人或物） 之間， 表示“其中一個(gè)比另一個(gè)更” 或“較” ， 后面通常用連詞 than 連結(jié)另一個(gè)比較的對(duì)象， 其基本句型是： 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（系動(dòng)詞） 形容詞比較級(jí)than對(duì)比對(duì)象。 eg. Yao Ming is taller than Yi Jianlian. Yi Jianlian is shorter than Yao Ming . Its hotter today than it was yesterday.（2）形容詞，副詞比較級(jí)的常用句型 比較級(jí) + than “比更”This cake is _ （味更美）that one.Li Lei sings _（比更好）Jim.He is _(比更大）me .比較級(jí) ， or ? “哪個(gè)更?”表示兩者之間的選擇. Which is longer, this one or that one?Who draws better ,Tom or Jim?形容詞的比較級(jí)前面一般不加冠詞，但表示“兩者中較”的時(shí)候，要用“the+比較級(jí)+of the two ”。She is the taller of the two girls.Do you know the more outgoing boy of the two under the tree ? 比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) / “more and more +原級(jí) “越來(lái)越 ”The weather is getting （越來(lái)越暖和）.Our school is getting （越來(lái)越漂亮）he+比較級(jí)+句子,the+比較級(jí) +句子。 “越,越”The more,the better.The more you eat, the fatter you will be.The more exercise you do, the healthier you will become. The weather is getting （越來(lái)越暖和）.Our school is getting （越來(lái)越漂亮） 注意：比較級(jí)前面可以用even(更加)，much/far/ a lot (得多)，a little/a bit / a little bit (一點(diǎn)),等詞語(yǔ)表示程度或數(shù)量。 His room is much bigger than that one. I am a little taller than he . He studies far harder than before.注意：1.比較級(jí)中為了避免重復(fù)，常用one/that/those替代前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的名詞。 This pen is shorter than that one.（another pen）The weather here is much hotter than that of Shanghai.(the weather in Shanghai ) The cars made in Tianjin are much more popular than those in .(the cars in Shanghai)one 代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)those 代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) that 代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞2.比較對(duì)象必須是同類(lèi)事物。My house is much cleaner than hers.（=her house)3. very/quite/so /as/too/really+原級(jí)much/a little/a bit/a lot /even/far/ a little bit+比較級(jí)I feel even worse today.You have much more to do .（二）形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)（1）用法：最高級(jí)表示三者或三者以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較。形容詞的最高級(jí)前面要加定冠詞 the， 副詞最高級(jí)前面的 the 可以省略。在含有最高級(jí)的句子中， 常有一個(gè) in/of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示比較范圍。 如： in my class, in China, of the students, of all, of the three 等。（2） 形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)的常用句型 .the+最高級(jí)+of /in 短語(yǔ)、 Bob is the tallest boy in our school. She is the most careful student of us three. .最高級(jí) ，A, B or C? “哪個(gè)最?” Who is the youngest, Jim, Tom or Jenny? Which is the most expensive, a bicycle, a car, or a plane? one of the+最高級(jí)(形)+名詞(復(fù))+表示范圍的短語(yǔ) “是當(dāng)中最之一” Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. the +序數(shù)詞（second/third)+最高級(jí)+ 表示范圍的短語(yǔ)“是第(二,三)最” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. This is the third most important book that I have ever read.(三)比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。1. 規(guī)則變化：A. 單音節(jié)詞尾er/est： cold coldercoldest, talltallertaller, short shorter shortest, small smaller smallest, long longer longest, old（舊的） older oldestB. 單音節(jié)詞以 e 結(jié)尾的， 只加 r/st： large larger largest, finefiner finest, nice nicer nicest.C. 以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞， 要雙寫(xiě)詞尾加 er/est： bigbiggerbiggest, thinthinnerthinnest, hothotterhottest, wetwetterwettestD. 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞變比較級(jí)時(shí)， 先變 y 為 i， 再加 er/est： earlyearlierearliest, busybusierbusiest, easyeasiereasiest, heavyheavierheaviest, dry drier driest, sunnysunniersunniest, happyhappierhappiest.E. 多音節(jié)詞或部分雙音節(jié)詞變比較級(jí)時(shí)， 在前面加 more/most: carefulmore carefulmost careful, outgoing more outgoing most outgoing, serious more serious most serious, difficultmore difficultmost difficult,enjoyablemore enjoyablemost enjoyableslowlymore slowlymost slowly ,activemost active most active2. 特殊變化： goodbetterbest; bad/badly/illworseworst ；many/muchmoremost; littlelessleast；farfurther/fartherfurthest/farthest三、形容詞，副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)句式轉(zhuǎn)換 形容詞、副詞的最高級(jí)可轉(zhuǎn)換為以下比較級(jí)句式：1、比較級(jí)+than +any other+單數(shù)名詞2、比較級(jí)+than+ the other+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)3.比較級(jí)thanall the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞4.比較級(jí)thananyone else5.比較級(jí)thanany of the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞6.比較級(jí)thanthe rest of復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞例如：朱莉婭是她班上最高的女生。(一句多譯)Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.Julia is the tallest girl in her class.He is the tallest student in his class.小試身手：He is taller than in his class. He is taller than _ _ _ in his class.Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.Changjiang River is longer than any river in Janpa.注意：當(dāng)比較雙方屬同一范圍時(shí)，應(yīng)用other排除自身。當(dāng)比較雙方不屬同一范圍時(shí)，不存在自己與自己比較的問(wèn)題，所以不用other。四、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練（一）寫(xiě)出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1. old _ _ 2. busy _ _3. thin _ _4. many _ _5. slow _ _6. delicious _ _（二）用適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Miss Chen is _ _than Mr. Wang. (popular) 3 A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.4. Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 5.Of all the subjects, which do you think is_ (difficult) to learn?6.This is one of the _(bad) games Ive ever watched.7. My mother is _(serious) of the two8.This question is _(easy ) of the five.9.Which goes _ (fast), the cat or the train? 10.The Yellow River is the second _(long) river in China.（三）（）1.The more exercise you take , the _ you will be.A .weak B. healthier C.luckier D.worse （）2.Every knows China is getting _A .rich and rich B.richer and richer C. the richer,the richer D .richest and richest（）3.I think our school is becoming _ A. more beautiful and more beautiful B. more and more cleaner C. more and more beautiful D. clean and clean（）4.Of the two rooms, this one is _A. big B.bigger C.the bigger 五、板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)：比較級(jí)： 用于兩者（人或物） 之間，表示“其中一個(gè)比另一個(gè)更”或“較” ， 比較級(jí) + than “比更” 比較級(jí) ， or ? “哪