淺談復合硅酸鹽保溫材料在蒸汽管道保溫中的應用.doc

/淺談復合硅酸鹽保溫材料在蒸汽管道保溫中的應用摘 要 對電廠主蒸汽管道外表面溫度超標現(xiàn)象進行分析，提出改造技術(shù)方案及施工工藝要求，介紹復合硅酸鹽保溫材料在蒸汽管道節(jié)能改造中的成功應用。Pick to exceed the phenomenon of power plant main steam pipe outside surface temperature were analyzed, and put forward reform requirements, technical scheme and construction technology of composite silicate insulation materials in energy saving renovation the successful application of steam pipeline.關(guān)鍵詞 汽管道 保溫節(jié) 能環(huán)保 應用Keywords steam pipeline insulation section to environmental applications一、改造前保溫存在的問題電廠12MW 次高溫次高壓機組主蒸汽管道，原設計保溫材料是硬質(zhì)成型微孔硅酸鈣，在運行中由于機組啟、停時管道產(chǎn)生熱位移，交變擠壓；管道的輕微震動；長期高溫使用等原因，造成硅酸鈣碎裂粉化，形成很多裂縫，保溫材料的熱密封性能下降，蒸汽管道熱能容易向外散發(fā)。同時保溫材料塌陷出現(xiàn)空洞，特別是在水平管與垂直管段交接的彎頭處出現(xiàn)脫節(jié)，保溫效果很不理想，外表面溫度平均55，局部溫度高達150以上，散熱損失較大。The transformation before insulation, the problems existing in the power plant 12 mw time high temperature and high pressure main steam pipe unit, the original design is hard shaped microporous calcium silicate insulating material and in the operation of the thermal displacement due to pipe unit start-up and stopping time, alternating extrusion; Piping vibrations; Due to long-term use in high temperature calcium silicate cataclastic pulverization, forming many cracks, heat sealing performance of insulation materials, steam pipe heat to send out easily. Insulation failures appeared empty at the same time, especially in horizontal tube and vertical section disconnect at elbow, heat preservation effect is not very ideal, outside surface temperature of 55 , an average local temperature as high as 150 above, heat loss is bigger.按GB4272 92設備及管道保溫技術(shù)通則，在設備或管道外表面采取保溫措施后，其保溫層外表面溫度必須小于50的規(guī)定，外表面溫度已經(jīng)超標。因此，節(jié)能降耗工作成為需要解決的當務之急，同時管道的保溫節(jié)能改造既是技術(shù)的需要，是企業(yè)管理的重要內(nèi)容，也是節(jié)能降耗的重要途徑，因此電廠于2005 年對1#、2# 機組主蒸汽管道進行了保溫節(jié)能改造。According to GB4272-92 general principles for equipment and pipe heat preservation technology, the equipment or pipe outer surface heat preservation measures, the insulation must be smaller than the outer surface temperature of 50 , outside surface temperature has been overweight. Therefore, become the priorities of energy conservation and consumption reduction, energy saving renovation is both at the same time, pipe insulation technology needs, is the important content of enterprise management, is also an important way to saving energy and reducing consumption, so the power plant in 2005 to 1 #, 2 # unit main steam pipeline insulation energy-saving reconstruction.二、保溫材料的選擇Second, selection of insulation materials（一）保溫材料性能對比成型微孔硅酸鈣產(chǎn)品具有質(zhì)地較硬、抗熱震性、可塑性差，容易碎裂粉化、容重較高、材料規(guī)格種類多、材料管理工作量大等缺點。(a) thermal insulation material performance comparison forming microporous calcium silicate products with a hard, poor thermal shock resistance and plasticity, shatter easily pulverization, high bulk density, material specifications, variety, materials management workload big shortcoming.復合硅酸鹽纖維板和復合硅酸鹽膏產(chǎn)品具有質(zhì)地柔軟、密度低、導熱系數(shù)小、優(yōu)良的熱穩(wěn)定性及抗熱震性、優(yōu)良的抗拉強度、無腐蝕無污染、施工簡便可塑性強、使用壽命長，受熱膨脹小，外包鐵皮不會有拉裂、凹凸等優(yōu)點，其保溫效果特別好。Composite silicate fiberboard and composite silicate paste products with a soft, low density, low coefficient of thermal conductivity, excellent thermal stability and thermal shock resistance, good tensile strength, no corrosion, no pollution, easy construction of plasticity, long service life, small thermal expansion, outsourcing tin there would be no cracking, and the advantages of concave and convex, the heat preservation effect is very good.（二）產(chǎn)品綜合經(jīng)濟效益(2) the product comprehensive economic benefits復合硅酸鹽纖維板和復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料在相同工藝條件下，其使用厚度為硬質(zhì)成型微孔硅酸鈣保溫材料的五分之三，可使管道外保護層用量相應減少18，散熱損失相應減少20。無論是一次性投資，還是每年的散熱損失費用等方面，均以使用復合硅酸鹽纖維板和復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料為最經(jīng)濟，且具有良好的綜合經(jīng)濟效益。Composite silicate fiberboard and composite silicate compound heat preservation material in the same process conditions, the thickness of its use for hard three 5 of forming microporous calcium silicate insulation material, can make the pipe outer protective layer usage reduced 18%, the corresponding heat loss decreased by 20%. Whether one-time investment, or a year of heat loss, etc., are to use composite silicate fiberboard and composite silicate paste heat preservation material is the most economical, and has good comprehensive economic benefits.（三）保溫材料的選擇(3) the thermal insulation material selection通過以上對比，主蒸汽管道的保溫材料采用復合硅酸鹽纖維板和復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料。Through the above comparison, the main steam pipe of heat preservation material with composite silicate fiberboard and composite silicate paste thermal insulation material.三、改造的施工技術(shù)方案及工藝要求（一）拆除從鍋爐主蒸汽出口集箱至汽輪機高壓缸范圍內(nèi)管道上的原保溫結(jié)構(gòu)，清除干凈管道表面的灰塵和鐵銹。Three schemes, the transformation of the construction technology and technical requirements (1) removed from the outlet of the boiler main steam header to the steam turbine high pressure cylinder piping within the scope of the original heat preservation structure, clean up dust and rust on the surface of the pipe.（二）使用復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料直接在管道、閥門表面進行涂抹，形成厚度為20mm 的基礎保溫層。(2) the use of composite silicate compound heat preservation material directly on the surface of pipes, valves, form the basis of a thickness of 20 mm insulation layer.（三）在主蒸汽管道基礎保溫層上用細鐵絲捆扎3 層復合硅酸鹽纖維板，每層厚度為25mm，將它錯縫粘貼，并用復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料涂抹保溫層的縫隙，保證其保溫的密封性能。在第1、2、3 層復合硅酸鹽纖維板外用細鐵絲網(wǎng)整體捆扎、勒緊，防止保溫層滑動、錯位。外使用復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料進行厚度為20mm 的密封涂抹，形成厚度為95mm 的主保溫層。(3) based on the main steam pipe insulation layer with fine wire strapping on the three layer compound silicate fiberboard, each layer thickness is 25 mm, will it be done paste, composite silicate paste insulation materials insulation daub and aperture, assure its insulation sealing performance. In 1, 2, 3 layer composite silicate fiberboard topical fine wire overall strapping and tighten, prevent the thermal insulation layer sliding and dislocation. Composite silicate paste is used outside heat preservation is 20 mm material thickness of sealing daub, form the main insulation layer thickness is 95 mm.四）在主蒸汽管道主保溫層上，用細鐵絲捆扎一層復合硅酸鹽纖維板，厚度為25mm，將它錯縫粘貼，并用復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料涂抹保溫層的縫隙，保證其保溫的密封性能。在第4 層復合硅酸鹽纖維板外用細鐵絲網(wǎng)整體捆扎、勒緊，防止保溫層滑動、錯位。外使用復合硅酸鹽膏保溫材料進行厚度為10mm 的密封涂抹，形成厚度為35mm 的加強保溫層。4) on the main steam pipe main insulation layer, with fine wire banding layer composite silicate fiberboard, thickness is 25 mm, will it be done paste, composite silicate paste insulation materials insulation daub and aperture, assure its insulation sealing performance. In the fourth layer composite silicate fiberboard topical fine wire overall strapping, tighten, prevent the thermal insulation layer sliding and dislocation. Outside using composite silicate compound heat preservation material thickness is 10 mm sealing daub, formation thickness for the strengthening of 35 mm.（五） 主蒸汽管道保溫層構(gòu)成為基礎保溫層（20mm）、主保溫層（95mm）和加強保溫層（35mm）， 總厚度為150mm。(5) main steam pipeline insulation structure based on the thermal insulation layer (20 mm), the main insulation layer (95 mm), and strengthen the insulation layer (35 mm), the total thickness of 150 mm.（ 六） 最外層金屬保護層的材料用0.8mm 鋁皮封包， 相鄰搭接不小于40mm，并在適當?shù)奈恢昧舫鲎杂膳蛎浻嗔?。安裝時，應緊貼保溫層，環(huán)向接縫、縱向接縫和水平接縫必須上搭下，成順水方向。彎頭鋁皮的外弧段另外增加一條寬度為50mm 的鋁皮縱向連接，使彎頭鋁皮的環(huán)向、縱向都能連接成牢固的整體，不會產(chǎn)生脫節(jié)現(xiàn)象。(6) the outermost layer of metal material with 0.8 mm aluminum skin packet, adjacent lap should not less than 40 mm, and in the proper place to set aside free expansion space. When installation, should be close to the thermal insulation layer, the link to the joints, longitudinal seams and horizontal seam must be on the set, as well. Bend aluminum skin outer segment and increase the width of a 50 mm aluminum skin longitudinal connection, so that the circular and longitudinal bend aluminum skin can connect into a solid whole, wont produce disconnectedness.（七）施工后的保溫層，不得覆蓋設備的銘牌、儀表等。設備的名稱、介質(zhì)流向標識、色標及時按原樣恢復。(7) after construction of insulation layer, the nameplate shall not cover equipment, instrument, etc. The flow direction of medium equipments name, logo, color standard in a timely manner as is restored.四、改造后的效果及經(jīng)濟性分析Four, the effect after transforming and economy analysis（一）改造前后監(jiān)測點的外表面溫度對比將彎頭作為監(jiān)測點， 對其改造前、后彎頭監(jiān)測點處的外表面溫度測溫。實施了保溫節(jié)能改造后，外表面溫度完全符合GB4272 92 規(guī)定的標準，原超溫點已經(jīng)消除，平均溫度下降22，保溫效果得到了明顯的提高。(a) monitoring before and after the transformation of the outer surface temperature contrast will bend as monitoring points, the transformation before and after elbow outside surface temperature of the temperature monitoring. Thermal insulation implemented after modification, the surface temperature completely conform to the standards prescribed by the GB4272-92, the original overtemperature points have been eliminated, an average of 22 temperature drop, to improve the heat preservation effect obviously.（二）改造前后的散熱損失對比(2) heat dissipation loss of contrast before and after the transformation散熱損失通常以熱流密度q（W/m2）表示。散熱損失與散熱面積之乘積，就是該面積的散熱量，所以散熱面積內(nèi)的散熱損失表示了該區(qū)域的保溫狀況，該項指標是檢驗熱力設備保溫效果的主要指標1. 改造前散熱損失:主蒸汽溫度為550，平均外表面溫度為 w 前 55，按同一環(huán)境溫度25計算： 改造前為10.92W/（m2.k）；q 改造前為327.6W/m2。Heat loss is usually expressed as a heat flux q (W/m2). Heat loss and heat dissipation area of the product, it is the heat dissipating capacity of the area, so the heat loss of heat dissipation area according to the insulation condition of the region, the indicators are main indexes to examine the effects of thermal equipment insulation 1. Heat losses before modification: the main steam temperature is 550 , the average surface temperature before for T w = 55 , calculated on the same environment temperature 25 : alpha before modification is 10.92 w/(m2, k); Q is 327.6 W/m2 before modification.可看出，改造前的散熱損失已經(jīng)超過標準值。Can be seen that the heat loss before modification has exceeded standard values.2. 改造后散熱損失:2. After transforming heat loss:平均外表面溫度為 w 后 33，按同一環(huán)境溫度25計算： 改造后為9.82W/（m2.k）；q 改造后為78.56W/m2。After the average surface temperature is T w = 33 , calculated on the same environment temperature 25 : alpha after transforming is 9.82 w/(m2, k); After reforming the q is 78.56 W/m2.可以看出，改造后的散熱損失比標準值降低。It can be seen that after the transformation of the heat loss lower than the standard values.（三）改造后的經(jīng)濟性分析(3) after the transformation of the economic analysis單位換熱量的對比分析計算， 其中主蒸汽管道保溫后外表面換熱面積900m2。Units in contrast analysis and calculation of heat, of which the main steam pipe insulation outside surface after heat exchange area A = 900 m2.降低