英文建筑單詞.doc

ground plan 平面圖floor, storey 層ground floor 第一層 (美作:first floor)flat 套 (美作:apartment)stair well 樓梯間lift shaft 電梯,升降梯 (美作:elevator shaft)fire escape 防火梯staircase 樓梯lift 電梯 (美作:elevator)goods lift 公務(wù)電梯 (美作:freight elevator)central heating 暖氣ventilation shaft 通風(fēng)井a(chǎn)ir conditioning 空調(diào)air-conditioned 帶空調(diào)的flooring (一塊)地板floorboard 地板(總稱)parquet 木條地板herringbone parquet 人字形木條地板tile 瓷磚terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墻main wall 承重墻partition wall 隔斷墻plastering 抹灰skirting board 壁腳板to whitewash 粉刷facade 建筑物正面window 窗basement 地下室penthouse 遮檐,披屋attic, garret 閣樓kitchen 廚房dining room 飯廳living room 起居室lounge 吸煙室,大廳bathroom 浴室toilet 衛(wèi)生間chimney 煙囪fireplace 壁爐gutter 排水溝drainpipe 雨水管,落水管ceiling 天花板flat roof, roof garden 屋頂平臺(tái),屋頂花園roof 屋瓦頂tile, roof tile 瓦steamroller 壓路機(jī)bulldozer 推土機(jī)mechanical digger, excavator 挖掘機(jī)crane 吊車(chē)generator 電動(dòng)機(jī)oxyacetylene torch 氧乙炔炬blowtorch 乙炔吹嘴power drill 機(jī)械鉆tip lorry 翻斗車(chē) (美作:dump truck)cement mixer, concrete mixer 水泥攪拌車(chē),混凝土攪拌車(chē)wheelbarrow 手推車(chē)bucket, pail 桶l(fā)adder 手梯,高凳shovel 鍬pickaxe, pickax 鎬trowel 鏝子float 托泥板plumb line 鉛錘線spirit level 水平儀pulley 滑輪hammer 錘sledgehammer 長(zhǎng)柄錘chisel 鑿子cold chisel 鏨子wire cutter, wire cutters 剪鉗pliers 鉗子pincers 夾鉗spanner 扳子 (美作:wrench)(monkey) wrench, adjustable spanner 活絡(luò)扳子screwdriver 螺絲刀,改錐circular saw 圓鋸plane 刨子mallet 木槌sand 沙cement 水泥mortar 灰泥plaster 石膏concrete 混凝土reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete 鋼筋混凝土gravel 碎石brick 磚slate 石板marble 大理石beam 梁,木梁girder 鋼梁corrugated iron 波狀鋼timber 木料,木材pipes 鋼管wiring 電器設(shè)備promoter 創(chuàng)辦人architect 建筑師quantity surveyor 施工技術(shù)員draftsman 繪圖員civil engineer 道路工程師builder 建筑工人foreman 工頭master builder 營(yíng)造商,建筑工程隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)(master) bricklayer 泥瓦匠,砌磚工匠hodman, hod carrier 小工plasterer 抹灰工welder 焊工joiner 工匠electrician 電工glazier 玻璃工匠plumber 管道技工plumbers mate 管道工painter, decorator 油漆工crane driver 吊車(chē)司機(jī)to build, to construct 建設(shè),建筑,修建architecture 建筑學(xué)building 修筑,建筑物house 房子skyscraper 摩天大樓block of flats 公寓樓 (美作:apartment block)monument 紀(jì)念碑palace 宮殿temple 廟宇basilica 皇宮,教堂cathedral 大教堂church 教堂tower 塔,塔樓ten-storey office block 十層辦公大樓column 柱colonnade 柱列arch 拱town planning 市政 (美作:city planning)building permission 營(yíng)建許可證,建筑開(kāi)工許可證greenbelt 綠地elevation 建筑物的三面圖plan 設(shè)計(jì)圖scale 比例尺to prefabricate 預(yù)制excavation 挖土,掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks 砌好的磚列scaffold 腳手架scaffolding 腳手架penknife 鉛筆刀glass cutter 玻璃刀plumb line 鉛垂線spirit level 水平儀pickaxe 鶴嘴鋤 (美作:pickax)the axe 斧子 (美作:the ax)sledgehammer 長(zhǎng)柄大錘bushhammer 石工錘rammer 撞針anvil, beakiron, bickiron, two-beaked anvil 砧,砧子bellows 彈簧awl 錘子beam compass, trammel 長(zhǎng)圓規(guī)lever 杠桿tyre lever 輪胎撬杠crank 柄soldering iron 焊鐵,烙鐵blowlamp 吹嘴,吹炬 (美作:blowtorch)die 沖模diestock 螺絲攻machine tools 工作母機(jī)lathe 車(chē)床turret lathe 六角車(chē)床milling cutter 銑刀milling machine 銑床electric drill, power drill 電鉆grinder, crusher 粉碎機(jī)riveter 打鉚機(jī)rolling mill 軋板機(jī)press 壓床,沖床drop hammer pile hammer, drop hammer 蒸汽汽錘air hammer, pneumatic hammer 氣錘pile hammer 打樁機(jī)stepladder 高凳,折梯trestle 支架trowel 灰泥鏝子float 抹子spatula 抹刀,刮鏟brush 刷子paintbrush, brush 畫(huà)刷roller 滾子scissors 剪子spade 鋤fork 叉子shovel 鐵鍬,鏟rake 耙roller 滾壓器,碌碡dibble 掘穴機(jī)wheelbarrow 小車(chē),獨(dú)輪車(chē)watering can 噴壺garden hose, hosepipe 橡膠軟管lawnmower 剪草機(jī)shears, garden shears 園藝剪刀pruning shears 修枝剪pruning knife 修枝刀sickle 鐮刀scythe 釤刀,釤鐮trowel 鏝weeding hoe 除草耙seed drill 條播機(jī)spanner 扳子 (美作:wrench)double-ended spanner 雙頭扳子adjustable spanner, monkey wrench 活扳子,活絡(luò)扳手box spanner 管鉗子 (美作:socket wrench)calipers 卡規(guī)pincers, tongs 夾鉗shears 剪子wire cutters 剪線鉗multipurpose pliers, universal pliers 萬(wàn)能手鉗adjustable pliers 可調(diào)手鉗punch 沖子drill 鉆chuck 卡盤(pán)scraper 三角刮刀reamer 擴(kuò)孔鉆calliper gauge 孔徑規(guī)hacksaw 鋼鋸rivet 鉚釘nut 螺母locknut 自鎖螺母,防松螺母bolt 螺栓pin, peg, dowel 銷(xiāo)釘washer 墊圈staple U形釘grease gun 注油槍oil can 油壺jack 工作服toolbox 工具箱bench 工作臺(tái)vice, clamp 虎鉗 (美作:vise)saw 鋸bow saw 弓鋸circular saw 圓鋸 (美作:buzzsaw)compass saw, scroll saw 鋼絲鋸fretsaw 細(xì)鋸handsaw 手鋸chisel 口鑿cold chisel, burin 冰鑿gouge, firmer gouge 半圓鑿plane 刨子moulding plane 型刨jack plane 粗刨rabbet plane 槽刨drawknife 刮刀scraper 三角刮刀rasp 粗銼file 銼square 尺miter 斜槽規(guī)scriber 近線尺set square, triangle 三角板brace 手拉曲柄銼hand drill 手鉆drill, bit 鉆,有柄鉆gimlet, aug