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Executive Management & Coaching Inc.TOEFL語法大全ChaseDream TOEFL專區(qū)全體版主Business Minds Meet Here. We Succeed Together!Welcome to ChaseDream序言TOEFL語法大全的出爐,傾注了無數(shù)考T路上朋友的心血,更是ChaseDream論壇里每一位無私奉獻(xiàn)的版主和網(wǎng)友們辛勤勞動(dòng)與智慧的結(jié)晶。繼承了ChaseDream GMAT語法大全的傳統(tǒng),TOEFL語法大全采用WORD文檔,在電腦上面使用,能夠非常方便的顯示和隱藏答案解釋,標(biāo)注復(fù)習(xí)過程中間的疑問和注解; 對(duì)于不在電腦上復(fù)習(xí)的朋友,也可以打印出來作為復(fù)習(xí)參考。ChaseDream論壇TOEFL專區(qū)的眾多原創(chuàng),從PP語法筆記,最新題TOEFL語法筆記,0405語法筆記到現(xiàn)在的TOEFL語法大全,ChaseDream每一次的奉獻(xiàn)都是希望大家在準(zhǔn)備TOEFL的路上能得到更多的幫助和支持。Free, Open, Share!是ChaseDream的立站宗旨,Share, Support, Sustain是CDer中傳承的精神!TOEFL語法大全由唐三彩提議,pumpkin統(tǒng)籌安排,真老九和zhoushao修訂,ChaseDream論壇TOEFL考試區(qū)各位版主審核定稿。這里要特別感謝的是導(dǎo)師gemj辛苦編排版本和制作過程中無數(shù)好的建議。在制作TOEFL語法大全的過程中,參考了太傻論壇TOEFL語法筆記,感謝太傻論壇為我們的制作提供了一個(gè)非常好的起步點(diǎn)。TOEFL語法大全不僅是原來語法筆記的匯總與修正,同時(shí)也融入了很多ChaseDream網(wǎng)友在討論時(shí)各位版主和熱心的網(wǎng)友做出的詳細(xì)認(rèn)真的解釋,在這里,向每一位在ChaseDream作出貢獻(xiàn)的朋友道一聲:謝謝,你們辛苦了!我們衷心希望語法大全能在您考T過程中帶給您一些幫助,祝愿所有的CDer能克服重重障礙,放飛夢(mèng)想,展翅翱翔!關(guān)于語法大全的反饋,和有關(guān)于托??荚嚨娜魏螁栴},可以訪問ChaseDream論壇【TOEFL語法專區(qū)】祝您考試、申請(qǐng)順利,愿ChaseDream伴您成功!ZhoushaoTOEFL, ChaseDream使用說明1、各題答案和所有解釋均隱藏在(D)選項(xiàng)后(放在這里主要是避免下一題答案也被顯示從而影響做題), 為了節(jié)省空間, 改錯(cuò)題目的所有A,B,C,D都去除了,希望朋友們理解。 顯示的方法是鼠標(biāo)左鍵單擊“常用”工具欄“顯示/隱藏編輯標(biāo)記”按鈕(只有WORD才有此按鈕,寫字板沒有)。再次單擊又被隱藏。見下圖:如果WORD是英文版的,看這個(gè):如果按“顯示/隱藏編輯標(biāo)記”按鈕卻無法隱藏答案,請(qǐng)按下列步驟操作:工具選項(xiàng)視圖格式標(biāo)記點(diǎn)“隱藏文字”復(fù)選框讓它變成“隱藏文字”(也就是清除“隱藏文字”復(fù)選框)確定。2、做題時(shí)請(qǐng)切換至“普通”視圖,因?yàn)轱@示答案時(shí)的頁面變化小;在“頁面”視圖下,可以欣賞到妹妹我那美侖美奐,美不勝收的一流風(fēng)姿!3、本文件包涵1989年到2004年5月所有TOEFL語法題目,并且收錄了普林斯頓樣題四套和PP語法題目, 包括詳細(xì)解釋。 解釋中的一部分對(duì)太傻的語法筆記進(jìn)行修正,PP語法筆記和2003年5月以后筆記為ChaseDream原創(chuàng)。 在TOEFL語法區(qū)提問時(shí)應(yīng)以此序號(hào)為準(zhǔn)。4、曾經(jīng)經(jīng)過了校正, 但是錯(cuò)誤肯定還有,請(qǐng)各位不吝指正(可以上ChaseDream的語法區(qū)發(fā)帖子指出),共同進(jìn)一步完善,不勝感謝!祝你成功!pumpkin (ChaseDream) 代gemj2004年10月28日星期四序言&使用說明11989年01月語法題71989年05月語法題121989年08月語法題171989年10月語法題221990年01月語法題261990年05月語法題301990年08月語法題341990年10月語法題381991年01月語法題421991年05月語法題471991年05月語法題511991年10月語法題551992年01月語法題591992年05月語法題631992年08月語法題671992年10月語法題711993年01月語法題751993年05月語法題791993年08月語法題831993年10月語法題871994年05月語法題911994年08月語法題951994年10月語法題991995年01月語法題1051995年05月語法題1091995年08月語法題1131995年10月語法題1171996年01月語法題1221996年05月語法題1261996年08月語法題1301996年10月語法題1341997年01月語法題1391997年01月北美語法題1431997年05月語法題1471997年08月語法題1511997年10月語法題1561997年12月北美語法題1611998年01月語法題1651998年05月語法題1701998年08月語法題1741998年08月語法題1801998年08月北美語法題1851998年10月語法題1901999年01月語法題1951999年05月語法題1991999年08月語法題2041999年10月語法題2092000年01月語法題2142000年05月語法題2192000年08月語法題2242000年10月語法題2292001年01月語法題2342001年05月語法題2392001年08月語法題2442001年10月語法題2492002年01月語法題2532002年05月語法題2582002年10月語法題2632002年08月語法題2682002年09月語法題2722003年01月語法題2751996年12月北美語法題2802003年8月語法題2852003年10月語法題2902004年1月語法題2952004年05月語法題299PP Test 1 語法題筆記304PP Test 2 語法題筆記321普林斯頓樣題 1337普林斯頓樣題 2342普林斯頓樣題 3347普林斯頓樣題 43511989年01月語法題1. The flexibility of film allows the artist _A_ unbridled imagination to the animation of cartoon characters.(A) to bring(B) bringing(C) is brought(D) brings答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):不定式。分析:allow+sb十不定式為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。4個(gè)答案中只有(A)to bring是不定式。2. Traditionally, _D_in New England on Thanksgiving Day.(A) when served is sweet cider(B) when sweet cider is served(C) is served sweet cider(D) sweet cider is served答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。分析:原句主、謂俱缺,應(yīng)選一完整的主語+謂語的結(jié)構(gòu),即(D)。(A)、(C)不通,(B)則是從句,不適合此句。3. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent _C_, or pronghorn.(A) it is the American antelope(B) the American antelope is(C) is the American antelope(D) the American antelope答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):倒裝句。分析:Typical of放在句首的句子,要用倒裝句。Typical of短語是表語,應(yīng)在答案中選擇“系動(dòng)詞+主語”的結(jié)構(gòu),即(C)。解題要點(diǎn):遇倒裝句在4個(gè)答案中尋找以系動(dòng)詞 (be)開始的結(jié)構(gòu)。4. Lillian D. Wald, public health nurse and _B_, was born in Cincinnati Ohio, in 1867.(A) reforming society(B) social reformer(C) who reformed society(D) her social reform答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):并列結(jié)構(gòu)。分析:本句and前后都應(yīng)是說明身份的名詞性成份,故應(yīng)選 (B) social reformer與nurse并列。(A)為動(dòng)詞性的分詞詞組;(C)是從句;(D)雖是名詞性的,但不說明身份。5. Copper sulfate, spread in judicious amounts, kills algae _D_ harming fish or aquatic invert-ebrates.(A) does not(B) but does no(C) except(D) without答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):介詞。分析:空格后的harming是動(dòng)名詞,前面應(yīng)加介詞,故選(D)。(A)是謂語動(dòng)詞的否定式,而farming不是謂語動(dòng)詞:(B)可以說does no harm (to),但不能說does no harming;(C)雖為介詞,但意思不對(duì)。6. Of the millions who saw Haleys comet in 1986, how many people _C_long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.(A) will they live(B) they will be living(C) will live(D) living答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):謂語。分析:這句話有主語但缺少謂語動(dòng)詞,所以選擇能作謂語的(C)。(A)、(B)結(jié)構(gòu)是錯(cuò)誤的,而且都重復(fù)了主語they;(D)不是謂語動(dòng)詞形式。7. _that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.(A) Anthropologists have discovered(B) Anthropologists discovering(C) The discovery by anthropologists(D) Discovered by anthropologists答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):復(fù)合句。分析:空格后緊接that時(shí),前一定是主句。故要在4個(gè)答案中選主謂語完整的結(jié)構(gòu)即(A)。其余3個(gè)答案都無謂語動(dòng)詞。解題要點(diǎn):連接詞that在TOEFL結(jié)構(gòu)題中是至關(guān)重要的提示符號(hào)。它表明此句是復(fù)合句,故that前后均應(yīng)是主謂完整的句子,即主句和從句。8.In 1964_of Henry Ossawa Tanners paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.(A) was a major collection(B) that a major collection(C) a collection was major(D) a major collection答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):主語。分析:此句缺少主語。答案中只有(D)是名詞結(jié)構(gòu),能夠充當(dāng)主語。9. _irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.(A) Its(B) Where its(C) Since its(D) Because of its答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):介詞短語。分析:逗號(hào)后為一完整的句子,則逗號(hào)前只有兩種可能;短語或從句。4個(gè)答案中無一有謂語動(dòng)詞,故正確答案只可能是短語。因此,選擇(D)。Because of為介詞短語。(C)since作介詞時(shí)是“自從”的意思,如表示“因?yàn)椤眲t是連詞。10.In order to remain in existence,_must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.(A) a profit-making organization(B) a profit-making organization which(C) therefore a profit-making organization(D) whichever a profit-making organization答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):主語。分析:助動(dòng)詞must前一定是主語。應(yīng)選擇名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)作主語,即(A)。11.The greater the population there is in a locality,_for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.(A) the greater the need there is(B) greater need(C) is there great need(D) the great need答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):并列的比較級(jí)句型。分析:(the十比較級(jí)the+比較級(jí))看到句首The greater,就要開始從答案中尋找相同句型的比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。(A)同樣以the greater開頭,其后結(jié)構(gòu)亦相同,故選(A)。(B)缺the;(C)及(D)均未用比較級(jí)。解題要點(diǎn):the十比較級(jí)the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)是TOEFL??碱}型,其前后兩個(gè)比較級(jí)句型應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)等。12. A historical novel may do more than mirror history; _future events.(A) even influencing(B) it may even influence(C) may even influence(D) that it may even influence答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):分號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu)。分析:分號(hào)的作用相當(dāng)于句號(hào),分號(hào)前后都應(yīng)是完整的句子,故選 (B)。(A)不是句子;(C)無主語;(D)是從句。13. _a child, sculptor Anne Whitney showed an eager intellect and artistic talent that her parents recognized and encouraged.(A) Has been(B) It was while(C) She was(D) As答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):介詞。分析:As a child是一介詞短語,作狀語,后面是完整的句子。14. It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes_round shape into a teardrop shape.(A) of the drop(B) the drops(C) drop of(D) drops their答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):定語。分析:Round shape前缺限制它的定語,故選名詞所有格(B)the drops。另,注意change為及物動(dòng)詞,后面直接加賓語,無須再加任何介詞,故排除(A)。15._modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.(A) If(B) But(C) With(D) Once答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):介詞。分析:modern offices becoming more mechanized是動(dòng)名詞,做介詞with的賓語。(A)、(B)為連詞,后接從句;(D)為連詞時(shí)意為“一旦”,作副詞時(shí)則是“曾經(jīng)”,“一度”的意思。16. Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor.答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):否定詞。分析:no,not以及none這三個(gè)否定詞的用法,常在題中故意混淆。副詞not不能修飾名詞woman,此外應(yīng)用形容詞no。解題要點(diǎn):no或not出現(xiàn)在TOEFL改錯(cuò)題中,應(yīng)首先考慮其是否正確。17. The human body relies on certainty nutrients for its survival. 答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞性。分析:此處修飾名詞nutrients要用形容詞certain,不用名詞certainty18. Too much electric current may flow into a circuit as a result either of a fault in the circuit and of an outside event such as lightning.答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):連詞短語分析:eitheror的用法??吹絜ither這個(gè)詞,要注意尋找其后是否有相應(yīng)的or。and應(yīng)為or。解題要點(diǎn);eitheror,neithernor, bothand等連詞習(xí)語為TOEFL??碱}型,注意其前后搭配。19. The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2,020 miles from Maine to Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world.答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):最高級(jí)。分析:形容詞或副詞前有the,后有in the world等表示范圍類的短語,應(yīng)當(dāng)用最高級(jí)形式。此處longer應(yīng)為longest。解題要點(diǎn);當(dāng)TOEFL改錯(cuò)題中出現(xiàn)劃線的形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形式時(shí),應(yīng)注意其用法是否正確。20. For years, elephants were hunted for food and ivory, and as a result theirs numbers have been greatly reduced.答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞性。分析:numbers為名詞,前面要用形容詞性的代詞their。theirs為名詞性質(zhì)。21. Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight on rivers and canals are usually propelled by towing. 答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞性。分析:carrier是名詞,而此處需要謂語動(dòng)詞。應(yīng)為carries。解題要點(diǎn):名詞后綴-er,-or,-tion,-sion等形式出現(xiàn)在TOEFL改錯(cuò)題中,應(yīng)引起特別注意。22. Although afflicted by serious eyesight problems, Alicia Alonso was one the principal stars of the American Ballet Theater and later formed her own dance company.答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):習(xí)語。分析:One of the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞名詞詞級(jí)是固定說法,此處缺of.23. The ritual combat of animals are triggered by precise signals. 答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):主謂數(shù)的一致。分析:主語是單數(shù)的combat,系動(dòng)詞要用心解題要點(diǎn):介詞短語of animals是名詞combat的定語,這類以of引接的定語后置結(jié)構(gòu)要特別注意主謂的數(shù)是否一致。24. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effective than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure ones meaning.答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):并列結(jié)構(gòu)詞性。分析:and的前后部分應(yīng)同詞性、同性質(zhì),此處應(yīng)用副詞effectively與and前的simply和directly并列,不用形容詞effective。25. Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long. 答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞性分析:表示“在長度方面”固定的說法是in length,不用long。從詞性考慮,介詞詛后要加名詞(1ength),不能加形容詞(1ong)。解題要點(diǎn);TOEFL考題中表示長(1ong,length),高(high,height),深(deep,depth)等詞的名詞及其形容詞形式常常混淆。26. According to some theories derived from psychoanalysis, life is supposedly easier and mo re pleasant when inhibitions overcoming.答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞形。分析:inhibitions前有連接詞when,說明其后應(yīng)為主謂完整的從句。overcoming不是謂語動(dòng)詞的形式,應(yīng)為are overcome。27. When rainbows appear, they are always in the part of the sky opposite directly the Sun. 答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞序。分析:介詞和它的賓語之間不要加入副詞。此處副詞directly應(yīng)在介詞opposite之前。28. Benjamin Franklin drew a political cartoon that is credited raising 10,000 volunteers for the American Revolutionary War.答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):習(xí)語。分析:Be credited with是固定短語,表示“被認(rèn)為取得某種成就”。29. The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of medieval lchemists.答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞性。分析:此處要求名詞作主語,而begins則是動(dòng)詞形式。應(yīng)為beginnings30. In many pieces of music there is a dominant theme on which the restful of the composition is centered.答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):習(xí)語詞性。分析:The rest of是固定短語。從詞性的角度來分析,冠詞the后面應(yīng)接名詞。31. Luminescence refers to the emission of light by means another than heat. 答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):other和another的用法。分析:遇有劃線的another或other要加以注意,這兩個(gè)詞常被相互錯(cuò)用。此處應(yīng)為other。Other than是固定說法,表示“除了,不同于”。32.In a representative democracy, the people election delegates to an assembly. 答案:C 測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞性。分析:此處需一動(dòng)詞作謂語,而election是名詞。解題要點(diǎn);參見本套考題的第(21)題。33.George Washington Carver found hundred of uses for the peanut, the sweet potato, and the soybean and thus stimulated the cultivation of these crops.答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):習(xí)語。分析:表示不確定數(shù)目的短語,如hundreds of,thousands of,millions of等,均用復(fù)數(shù)。34. A citadel, a fortress designed for the defense of a city, usually standed on top of a hill. 答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的詞形變化。分析:這類考題數(shù)量雖不多,但考的是最基本的知識(shí),不應(yīng)做錯(cuò)。stand的過去式是stood,standed是個(gè)錯(cuò)字。解題要點(diǎn);stand-stoodstood及begin-began-begun等不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化形式要記牢。35. Conservative philosophers argue that the very structure of society is threatening by civil disobedience, while humanists stress the primacy of the individual conscience.答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):被動(dòng)語態(tài)。分析:系動(dòng)詞 (be)和介詞by同時(shí)出現(xiàn)是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的信號(hào),它們之間的動(dòng)詞要用過去分詞。此處threatening應(yīng)為threatened36. Since 1971 the regional corporations set up in Alaska by Congress managing everything from fishing to banking. 答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞形。分析:此處需要謂語動(dòng)詞形式have managed。句中set up為過去分詞短語,修飾前面的名詞主語corporations。另外注意 (D)banking為名詞,意為“銀行業(yè)”。37. A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets carry a supply that last just a few seconds.答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):主謂數(shù)的一致。分析:that為從句主語,后接動(dòng)詞作其謂語。而that代指單數(shù)的a supply故其謂語也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式的lasts。38. Textile art is known for both its tactile and vision qualities. 答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞性/并列結(jié)構(gòu)。分析:連詞and要求它兩邊是同詞性、同性質(zhì)的成份。此處and一邊是形容詞tactile,另一邊應(yīng)當(dāng)也是形容詞visional,不用名詞vision。39. The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century. 答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):時(shí)態(tài)。分析:若句中有表示具體時(shí)間的狀語,如in the nineteenth century等,則不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而要用一般過去時(shí)。此處has been為was。40. Gulls can often be see swooping over large bodies of water. 答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞形/被動(dòng)語態(tài)。分析:系動(dòng)詞be后不能加動(dòng)詞原形,此處應(yīng)以be+過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。see應(yīng)為seen。1989年05月語法題1. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while_.(A) spoken is slander(B) is spoken slander(C) slander is spoken(D) is slander spoken答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞序/主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。分析:連詞while后連接句子,兩邊是對(duì)比關(guān)系,同句式、同結(jié)構(gòu)。本句while前的libel is printed為“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)在答案中尋找相同的結(jié)構(gòu),即(C)。2. Great numbers of tiny shelled animalson the ocean floor.(A) Live(B) Living(C) They will live(D) If they lived答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):謂語。分析:空格前是名詞性成份,作句子主語,應(yīng)在答案中選擇謂語動(dòng)詞,即(A)。(B)不能單獨(dú)作謂語;(C) 重復(fù)了主語,(D)是從句。3. The knee is the joint _the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.(A) when(B) where(C) why(D) which答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):從句連接詞。分析:空格前的joint表示地點(diǎn),定語從句的連接詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用指示地點(diǎn)的where。(A)指時(shí)間;(C)指原因;(D)指事物;且與從句中的主語the thigh bone重復(fù)。4. Closed plane figures like the square or the equilateral triangle can be grouped into a class _polygons.(A) called(B) to call(C) is called(D) call as答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):分詞短語作后置定語。分析:橫線前的class是名詞,其后的部分應(yīng)是它的定語。這個(gè)定語要么是從句,要么是短語。4個(gè)答案中無完整的從句,只有(A)是過去分詞,可與橫線后的polygons組成短語,故選(A)。(C)如加上關(guān)系代詞which或that則亦為正確。(B)to call應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)(to be called),這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常省掉to be,成為(A)的形式。解題要點(diǎn):分詞短語作后置定語是TOEFL考題中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的題型。它實(shí)際上等于系詞(be)結(jié)構(gòu)的定語從句省去whichthat+be部分,只保留分詞及其后成份。5. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have _, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.(A) tastes sharp(B) sharp-tasting(C) a sharp taste(D) tasting sharp答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):賓語。分析:動(dòng)詞have要求名詞性的成份作它的賓語,應(yīng)在答案中選擇名詞或名詞詞組,即(C)。(A)是系表結(jié)構(gòu);(B)是形容詞;(D)是分詞短語。6. _the history of the tough, strong-willed Nebraska farmer.(A) Not only is much of the history of Nebraska(B) Although it is much of the history of Nebraska that is(C) It is much the history of Nebraskas being(D) Much of the history of Nebraska is答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn): 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。分析:空格后只剩下名詞性的成份,說明句子缺少主語和謂語動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)在答案中尋找主語+動(dòng)詞的形式,即(D),much為名詞。7. Billie Holidays reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability _emotional depth to her songs.(A) be giving(B) are given(C) being given(D) to give答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):不定式/習(xí)語。分析:空格及其后部分是名詞ability的定語,應(yīng)在答案中選擇可做后置定語的不定式形式,即(D)。(A)、(B)是謂語動(dòng)詞形式,不能作定語。(C)分詞雖可作定語,但用了被動(dòng)態(tài),與句意不合。解題要點(diǎn): 與be able to do sth一樣,ability to do sth也是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。請(qǐng)務(wù)必記住這兩個(gè)句式。8. _1895 did Cornell University begin to offer a degree in ornithology.(A) Not until(B) Not since(C) Until(D) In答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):倒裝句。分析:看到did出現(xiàn)在主語前,知道句子用了倒裝,時(shí)間狀語1895提前。應(yīng)在答案中選擇用于倒裝句的短語,即Not until。(B) Not since用于完成時(shí)態(tài),而本句為過去時(shí);(C)、(D)不適于倒裝句。解題要點(diǎn);Not until十倒裝句是TOEFL常考題型。9. Uniform acceleration occurs _the rate of change remains the same over successive and equal intervals of time.(A) according(B) if(C) with(D) under答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):連詞。分析:空格前是一完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,空格后的句子是它的狀語從句,所缺為引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞。4個(gè)答案中只有(B)if是連詞。(C)(D)是介詞,(A)是副詞,均不可連接從句。10. Peoples expectations for a higher standard of living increase _.(A) conditions in their community improve(B) since conditions in their improving community(C) conditions improve in their community(D) as conditions in their community improve答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):狀語從句。分析:空格前是一完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,后面缺少的應(yīng)是作狀語的短語或從句。4個(gè)答案中無相應(yīng)的短語,只有(D)是完整的從句,故選(D)。(A)、(C)均無連接詞,(B)不是完整的句子。11. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of _reality.(A) what it is conceived(B) that is conceived(C) what is conceived to be(D) that is being conceived of答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):名詞從句。分析:介詞of后只能接名詞賓語或名詞性賓語從句。what引導(dǎo)的從句為名詞從句,而that引導(dǎo)的從句則不可,接在介詞后面,故在(A)(C)中選擇。但(A)中what與it重復(fù),故選(C)。且be conceived to be是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。12. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants _wild.(A) once they grew(B) they grew once(C) that once grew(D) once grew答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):定語從句。分析:plants后的成份應(yīng)是其定語從句,應(yīng)在答案中選擇完整、適當(dāng)?shù)膹木洌?C)。此從句中that作主語,不可省略,故(D)錯(cuò)。(A)與句意不合;(B)不通。13. _relatively costly, the diesel engine is highly efficient and needs servicing infrequently.(A) Even(B) It is(C) Even though(D) There is答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):連詞。分析:逗號(hào)前后兩部分意思相反,需表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞,即(C)。解題要點(diǎn);連詞even though如引導(dǎo)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的從句,則常常省去主語和系詞be,此句即省掉了the diesel engine is在結(jié)構(gòu)題中的四個(gè)答案中如有even though,應(yīng)當(dāng)首考慮這個(gè)選擇。14. _images out of clay, stone, and metal.(A) The shaping of sculpture(B) Sculpting the shapes(C) To shape sculpture(D) Sculptors shape答案:D測(cè)試點(diǎn):主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。分析:本句主、謂語俱缺,應(yīng)在答案中選擇主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的形式,即(D)。15. _dates from the end of the eighteenth century.(A) The modern circus(B) That the modern circus(C) While the modern circus(D) The modern circus that答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):主語。分析:dates是謂語動(dòng)詞,前面缺少主語。應(yīng)在答案中選擇名詞或名詞組作主語,即(A)。16. The boiled point of any liquid is determined by the pressure of the surrounding gases. 答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞形。分析:“沸點(diǎn)”的固定說法是boiling point,不用boiled?,F(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞有時(shí)會(huì)被故意用錯(cuò),應(yīng)記住現(xiàn)在分詞有“正在進(jìn)行”的意義,而過去分詞則給人“已經(jīng)完成”的感覺。試比較boiled water(煮開過的水)。17. The Ranger spacecraft it provided more than 17,000 pictures of the moon. 答案:A測(cè)試點(diǎn):多詞。分析:名詞space craft做主語,it多余。18. Many people who live in New York City thinks that life in a large city offers special advantages.答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):主謂數(shù)的一致。分析:主語是復(fù)數(shù)的Many people,因此謂語動(dòng)詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式think19. The scientific revolution of the early 1900s affected education by change the nature of technology.答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):詞形。分析:介詞by后面不能加動(dòng)詞原形,應(yīng)改用其動(dòng)名詞形式changing。20. Meadowlarks are about the same size than robins, but they have heavier bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills.答案:B測(cè)試點(diǎn):習(xí)語。分析:看到the same應(yīng)注意其后是否有as。sameas結(jié)構(gòu)是TOEFL考題中常出現(xiàn)的一種同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。21. On May 20,1932, Amelia Earhart became the first woman fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.答案:C測(cè)試點(diǎn):后置定語。分析:the first woman后面是定語而不是謂語,不能用動(dòng)詞原形fly,而應(yīng)用flying,或to fly。解題要點(diǎn): the firstto do是TOEFL??剂?xí)語。22. Translated into terms of psychol

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