職稱英語(yǔ)綜合類概括大意與完成句子第6篇How-We-Form-First-Impression逐句翻譯

How We Form First Impression 對(duì)別人的第一印象是怎 樣形成的 We all have first impression Of someone we just met 對(duì) 剛剛遇到的人我們都會(huì)留下第一印象 But why Why do we form an opinion about Someone without really knowing anything about him or her aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits 為什么 為什么我們會(huì)對(duì)一無(wú)所 知的人形成自己的 印象 除去一些描述或顯而易見的特征 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world 這與你的大腦如何感知世界是息息相關(guān) 的 Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits even very minor difference in how a person s eyes ears nose or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different 大腦對(duì)面部特征十分敏 感 即使是每個(gè)人在眼睛 耳朵或嘴部的細(xì)小差異也會(huì)使 大腦察覺到其不同之處 In fact your brain continuously process incoming sensory information the sights and sounds of your world 實(shí)際上 大腦一直在不斷地對(duì)接收到的感 官信 息進(jìn)行處理 包括影像和聲音 These incoming signals are compared against a host of memories stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals mean 大腦將這些 信號(hào) 與儲(chǔ)存在腦皮層系統(tǒng) 的大量 記憶 相比較 以便確定這些新收到的信號(hào)的 意思 If you see someone you know and like at school your brain says familiar and safe 如果你在學(xué)?？吹侥硞€(gè)你認(rèn)識(shí) 而且喜歡的人 你的大腦會(huì)做出 熟悉安全 的判斷 If you see someone new it says new potentially threatening 如果你 看見了一個(gè)陌生的人 你的大腦會(huì)告訴你 陌生 有 潛在的威脅 Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other known memories 緊接著你的大腦 會(huì)幵始將這 個(gè)陌生人的特征與 已知 的記憶進(jìn)行比較 The height weight dress ethnicity gestures and tone of voice are all matched up 包括身高 體重 穿著 種族 手勢(shì)以及音調(diào)等 The more unfamiliar the characteristics the more your brain may say This is new I don t like this person 特征越不相符 大腦越會(huì)告誡你 這是陌生人 我不喜歡這個(gè)人 Or else I m intrigued 或 我很好奇 Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes ethnicity gestures like your other friends so your brain says I like this person 大腦也可 能觀察到一張新面 孔 但卻有著熟悉的穿著 種族特征和手勢(shì) 像你的朋友 這時(shí)大腦會(huì)告訴 你 我喜歡這個(gè)人 But these preliminary impressions can be dead wrong 但這些第一印象卻可能是完 全錯(cuò)誤的 When we stereotype people we use a less mature form of thinking not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others 當(dāng)區(qū)分人時(shí) 我們使用一種欠成熟的思維方式 沒有 什么不一樣與小孩子不成熟的想法 去對(duì)別人做出 簡(jiǎn)單化 并且絕對(duì)印象化的判斷 Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people their history interest values strengths and true character we categorize them as jocks geeks or freaks 而不是對(duì)人的 深 度和廣度 即歷史 興趣 價(jià)值 力量或真正的性格有所 了解 這樣的后果是 我們將人區(qū)分為騙子 反常的人或 怪人 However if we resist initial stereotypical impressions we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like 但是 如果我們對(duì)帶有成見的第一印象加以抑 制 我們就會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)人有真正的了解 If we spend time with a person hear about his or her life hopes dreams and become aware of the person s character we use a different more mature style of thinking and the most complex areas of our cortex which allow us to be humane 如果我 們花一些時(shí)間與一個(gè)人在一起 傾聽他 或她的生活 希望和夢(mèng)想 了解了這個(gè)人的性格 我們才 會(huì)用一種不同的 更成熟的方式去思考 用腦皮層中最復(fù)雜 的區(qū)域進(jìn)行思考 而這會(huì)使我們更 富有人情味 詞匯 trait n 特點(diǎn) 特征 特性 host n 一大群 許多 simplistic adj 過(guò)分單純化的 sensory adj 感官的 感覺的 categorical adj 絕對(duì)的 cortex n 腦皮層 jock n 騙子 ethnicity n 種族特點(diǎn) geek n 反常的人 intrigue v 激起興趣 stereotype v 對(duì) 產(chǎn)生成見 freak n 怪人 humane hju mein hju adj 有人情味的 人文的 注釋 1 Your rain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits even very minor difference in how a person s eyes ears nose or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different 從 even 開始到 as different 是個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 相當(dāng)于 that even very minor 而 that 是與主句中的 so 呼應(yīng)的 2 against 和 對(duì)比 3 If you see someone you know and like school 如 果你在學(xué)校里看到某個(gè)你認(rèn)識(shí)而且喜歡的人 like 在這 里是動(dòng)詞 4 dead wrong 相當(dāng)于 completely wrong dead wrong 是口語(yǔ)表達(dá)用語(yǔ) 練習(xí) 1 Paragraph 2 2 Paragraph 3 3 Paragraph 4 4 Paragraph 5 A Ways Of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions B Comment on First Impression C Illustration Of First Impression D Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories E Threatening Aspect of First Impressions F Differences Among Jocks Geeks and Freaks 5 Sensory information is one that is perceived through 6 You interpret by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain 7 The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking which is similar to 8 We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to A a stranger s less mature type of thinking B the most complex areas of our cortex C the immature form of thinking of a very young child D the meaning of incoming sensory information E the sights and sounds of the world F an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking 答案與題解 D 本段 k 述的是人腦解讀感官信息的過(guò)程 C 本段舉例說(shuō)明第一印象解讀的過(guò)程 將第二段敘述 的內(nèi)容具體化 B 本段對(duì)第一印象進(jìn)行了評(píng)論 說(shuō)第一印象不成熟 simplistic and categorical A 本段說(shuō)如果我們與某個(gè)人多接觸 了解他的生活 希望 夢(mèng)想和性格特征 我們對(duì)該人的 認(rèn)識(shí)就不會(huì)停留在第一印象的階段 而是進(jìn)人一個(gè)更 深的層次 E 選 E 的依據(jù)在第 段的第三句 D 選 D 的依據(jù)在第二段的最后兩句 sensory information 的意思就是 information perceived through sensory