形容詞和副詞學(xué)案.doc

形容詞和副詞學(xué)案一. 形容詞及其用法1. 形容詞句法功能和位置1). 形容詞在句中作 , , 。 例如：Our country is a beautiful country. The fish went bad. We keep our classroom clean and tidy. 2). 形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時(shí),形容詞放在 。 I have something important to tell you. 3). the形容詞表示 The rich should help the poor.二. 副詞及其基本用法：1. 副詞在句中可作 和 。He studies very hard. Life here is full of joy. When will you be back? 2. 副詞在句中的位置1)多數(shù)副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)放在 之后。如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語(yǔ)，則放在 之后。例如：Mr. Smith works very hard. She speaks English well.2)頻度副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在 之前， ， 和be動(dòng)詞之后。例如： Ive never heard him singing.3)程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面, 但enough作副詞用時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞的 。例如： He didnt work hard enough.4. 兼有兩種形式的副詞 翻譯: 飛地高 高度表?yè)P(yáng) 靠近我 密切關(guān)注 深挖 被深深地感到 填空 He opened the door English is used in the world.(widely ;wide)三. 形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)1.規(guī)則變化 tall nice big important 2不規(guī)則變化 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) good/ well much/many bad /ill little old far 比較級(jí)的用法:1表達(dá)“A和B一樣”，用asas的結(jié)構(gòu)。公式: A+be動(dòng)詞+as+ +as+B A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+as+ +as+BEg I am as tall as you.我和你一樣高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一樣快。 12表達(dá)“A不如B”用not asas的結(jié)構(gòu)。公式: A+be動(dòng)詞的否定形式+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B A+助詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+BEg .我沒(méi)有你高。 . 他沒(méi)有我跑得快。2表達(dá)“A大于B”用“比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)。公式: A+be動(dòng)詞+ 比較級(jí)+than+B A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+ 比較級(jí)+than+BEg I am taller than you He runs faster than I. 注意：1比較級(jí)前面可以加上表示“優(yōu)劣程度”的詞或短語(yǔ)，意思是“更”，“得”。常見(jiàn)詞有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。Eg He is much taller than I. I jump a little higher than he. 2“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越”。It is getting warmer and warmer He is running and 他跑得越來(lái)越快。0ur country is becoming 我們祖國(guó)越來(lái)越美了。3“the more， the more”表示“越，就越”，The more，the better.多多益善。The careful you are,the mistakes you will make.你越細(xì)心，犯錯(cuò)就越少。5“the moreof the two”表示“兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較。的一個(gè)” The taller of the two boys is my brother.最高級(jí)的用法當(dāng)三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，我們需要用到形容詞（副詞）的最高級(jí)1表達(dá)“是中最的”,用“the+形容詞（副詞）的最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu),后面可以加上表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句。公式：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+the + 最高級(jí)+（名詞）+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+（the） + 最高級(jí)+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句Eg He is the tallest (student) in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2表示“最的中一個(gè)”，用“one of +the +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。Eg He is one of the best students in our class.他是我們班最好的學(xué)生之一。This is in the garden.這是花園里最漂亮的花之。注意：1. 形容詞的最高級(jí)前面有定冠詞the , 而副詞的最高級(jí)前面定冠詞the可以省略。但在形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí)，不能要定冠詞the.2. 常見(jiàn)的用來(lái)表示范圍的介詞有in, of, among：3. 按語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，than后面的人稱(chēng)代詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用主格，但口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中有時(shí)會(huì)用賓格代替主格。 Eg He is more careful than I (me).4. 只有同類(lèi)的事物才能比較 e.g Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能說(shuō) Her bag is bigger than I. 2The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能說(shuō)The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.【語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題】1、That boy looks as as a boxer.A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. more strong2、Then Summer Palace is than Zhong Shan park.A. biger B. more big C. the biggest D. bigger3、Which do you like , apples or oranges?A. good B. better C. best D. well4、-Oh, the food is bad. -I think so .And the service(服務(wù)) is _.Athe worst B. worse C. badder D. the worse5、-You are the same coat as I. -Yes, Mine is , but not so as yours.A. better, expensive B. better, more expensiveC. much better, more expensive D. good, more expensive6、The experts think that Indias population may be than Chinas 2020.A. much, by B. more, in C. larger, by D. larger, on7、This year our school is than it was last year.A. much beautiful B. the most beautiful C. beautifuler D. much more beautiful8、 you work, knowledge you will get.A. The harder, more B. The harder, the more C. Harder, the more D. Harder, more9、He has friends than I.A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more10、Her brother is _than she.A. 7 year older B. 7 year old C. 7 years old D. 7 years older11、Shanghai is larger than city in China.A. any B. any other C. the others D. any else12、Im not sure whether Mary can sing Ann.A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. so good as13、I have fewer apples than .A. he B. his C. hers D. mine14、The news is surprising.A. much B. very C. more D. very much15、The population of China is larger than .A. America B. the one of Americas C. that of America D. Americans16、Which is _clothing store in your town?A. the best B. the better C. the most good D. best17、My sister is _person I know.A. the funniest B. the funnier C . the most fun D. funniest18、Is Mr Du _ teacher in your school?A. the most busy B. the busier C. the most busiest D. the busiest19、He is _more beuutiful than I.A. too B. enough C. much D. very20、The box is _heavy .I cant move it.A. much B. more C. enough D. too21、The book is the_one in the bookshopAthe most cheap Bthe expensive Cthe most expensive Dthe less expensiver 322、I have _ apples and _milk than you.A. many, little B. more, less C. more, least D. many, less23、You should study English hard, because its getting_ in our country .A. more and more important B. more important and more importantC. importanter and importanter D. important and important24、The Famous People Talent Show was one of _that I have ever seen.A. the most fantastic show B. most fantastic showsC. the more fantastic shows D. the most fantastic shows用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Liu Min often tells lies. He is _ (honest), I think.2. Its _ (necessary) to wear a long coat on sunny days.3. Daniel didnt do well in the exam this morning. Most of his answers were _ (correct).4. I hate _ (rain) days. It is wet everywhere.5. People in the _ (north) parts of China like eating dumplings at Spring Festival.6. Many tourists enjoy watching the _ (beauty) sunset.7. Its very important to keep _ (health).8. Tom isnt a hard-working student. His deskmate Jack is even _ (lazy) than him.9. China is much _ (large) than Japan.10. This English book is _ (thin) than the Chinese one. 11. I think diving is much _ (dangerous) than swimming. 12. Millies hair is even _ (short) than mine.13. Who is _ (fast) swimmer, Tom, Daniel or Phelps?14. Do you think English is _ (useful) language in the world?15. Which is _ (nice) student in your class?16. At Johns birthday party, Tina enjoyed herself and was _ (happy) of all.17. Today is _ (wet) day in August.18. People in the Birdwatching Club often _ (active) take actions to protect endangered birds.19. Can you see the words on the blackboard _ (clear)? I think theyre too small.20. Linda always does her homework _ (care), so she gets bad results in exams.21. The boys were talking _ (noisy) next door, which made the teacher unhappy.22. There is _ (little) apple juice in the cup than in the bottle.23. Yao Ming scored _ (many) points in the basketball final.24. There are _ (few) people in Singapore than in China.25. Who has _ (little) free time, your father, your mother or you?用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，完成對(duì)話(huà)或短文。1-Who is _ football player in your team? -Mike. I think he is a very _player. He plays football _. He is _at football than other team members.(good)2.When Mary was 10, she weighed only 30 kilograms. But she likes eating and now she isnt _ any more. She is much _than she was in the past. She is _girl in her class.(fat)3.In the past, people were not very _. They had a lot of free time. However, everything has changed. People are much _than they were. Young people are _ of all. (busy) 44.Maria is quite _. Shes _ girl Ive ever seen. She can dance _.(beautiful)5.Ken is an _ boy. He never speaks to people _. I think he should be _ in the future. Its very important for young people to be _. (polite)6.Zhalong Nature Reserve is an ideal home for wildlife. Many wild animals like living there because of the _ environment. It provides _ food for the animals. They can live there _. (nature) 7.-Can you work out this problem in only two minutes? -I think its _ because its too difficult. No one could solve it within such a short time. -If I give you more time, is it _ for you to do it?-If so, I could _ work it out. (possible)8. -Do you think English is _ to learn?-Oh, I dont think so. Its too _ for me. What about you?-Im not good at it, either. But my good friend Susan thinks it is _ of all subjects. She can always get high marks _ in English tests. (easy)-Oh, really? Lets go to her for help.9. I got a _ cold two days ago. Today its getting much _. I did everything _ the whole morning. (bad)10. Chinese students study _ subjects than Spanish students. They have _ homework and _ free time than students in Spain. (many)改錯(cuò)1. Timmy plays basketball bad. _2. Everyone should keep quite in the library. _3. The old ma