四種完成時(shí)態(tài).doc

LESSON 9四種完成時(shí)態(tài)Living Life Over -如果有來生 如果有來生，我會(huì)少說，多聽 我會(huì)請(qǐng)朋友來家吃飯，即便地毯臟了，沙發(fā)褪色了。 我會(huì)抽時(shí)間聽祖父絮叨他的青年時(shí)代 我不會(huì)因?yàn)閯倓偘杨^發(fā)梳理定型而要求在夏天關(guān)上車窗。 我會(huì)點(diǎn)燃那支雕成玫瑰狀的蠟燭，而不讓它在塵封中熔化。 我會(huì)與孩子們坐在草地上，不去擔(dān)心草地上的污漬。 我會(huì)把淚水和笑聲更多地留給觀察人生，而不是觀看電視。 如果生病了，我會(huì)臥床休息，而不是自認(rèn)沒有我，地球就不轉(zhuǎn)了。 我不會(huì)買那些僅僅是實(shí)用，或者不顯臟，或者保證能用一生的東西。 我會(huì)更多地說“我愛你”“對(duì)不起”然而，最重要的是，如果有來生， 我會(huì)抓住每一秒看人生，讀人生體驗(yàn)人生再也不放手 Living Life OverIf I had my life to live over.I would have talked less and listened more. I would have invited friends over to dinner even if the carpet was stained and the sofa faded. I would have taken the time to listen to my grandfather ramble about his youth. I would never have insisted the car windows be rolled up on a summer day because my hair had just been teased and sprayed. I would have burned the pink candle sculpted like a rose before it melted in storage. I would have sat on the lawn with my children and not worried about grass stains.I would have cried and laughed less while watching television - and more while watching life. I would have gone to bed when I was sick instead of pretending the earth would go into a holding patter if I were not there for the day. I would never have bought anything just because it was practical, would not show soil or was guaranteed to last a life time. There would have been more I love you . more Im sorry. but mostly, given another shots at life,I would seize every minute. look at it and really see it.live it.and never give it back.1牢記第3個(gè)句型的旗幟- do的變化 (變?yōu)榉穸ㄅc疑問及進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)變化) You are studying English. You are not studying English. Are you studying English?You were studying English. You were not studying English. Were you studying English?You will be studying English. You will not be studying English. Will you be studying English?2孫老師特別提示：代詞的幾種基本形式主格 I we you they he she it賓格 me us you them him her it形容詞性所有格 my our your their his her its名詞性所有格 mine ours yours theirs his hers itsI love her I love her sister. This is my book.This is mine.導(dǎo)言 完成態(tài)是英文中獨(dú)有的一種“態(tài)”，漢語中沒有相對(duì)應(yīng)的表達(dá)方式。在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要根據(jù)說話的情景或文章的上下文細(xì)心體會(huì)。脫離說話時(shí)的情景或文章的上下文，完成態(tài)就無從談起，所以千萬不可簡(jiǎn)單地把完成時(shí)態(tài)理解成一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作。 完成時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在 過去 過去分詞 Is was beenDo did doneWork worked workedHave had had 句型 時(shí)態(tài)主系表主謂賓現(xiàn)在完成have (has) beenhave (has) done過去完成had beenhad done將來完成will have beenwill have done過去將來完成would have beenwould have done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的基本用法1. 表示一個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果和影響。應(yīng)該明確現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范疇。它所強(qiáng)調(diào)的不是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，而是對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果和影響。否則用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)就夠了。請(qǐng)看下面的對(duì)話。 AWe will send some one to America. 我們要派一個(gè)人去美國(guó)。 BI have been there. 我去過美國(guó)。 = I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there? 我去過那兒，很了解那個(gè)國(guó)家。能派我去嗎？ CI have not been there. 我還沒去過那兒呢。 = I didnt go to America. It is my turn. 我沒去過。這次該我了。上面對(duì)話的前提是大家都搶著去美國(guó)。所以B用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)是想說明自己有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，派他去好。而C用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)是說自己沒去過，輪也該輪到他了。兩句都是強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。Did you have dinner?Have you had dinner?Did you study English?Have you studied English? Laochang died?Laochang has died?Who was here?Who has been here? 2. 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 通常用于持續(xù)性較強(qiáng)的動(dòng)詞，例如：live, study, wait for, be等等，并且常常與since, for連用，since給出的是過去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如since 1958, 而for往往給出的是一個(gè)時(shí)間段，如for three years。 He has studied English for eight years.He studied English for eight years. Since 1980,they have known each other. We have waited for you for long time. Have you lived here for over ten years? 過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，將來完成時(shí)態(tài)和過去將來完成時(shí)態(tài) 學(xué)習(xí)完成時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)注意，所有完成時(shí)態(tài)在“態(tài)”的概念上是一樣的，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)、過去完成時(shí)態(tài)、將來完成時(shí)態(tài)、過去將來完成時(shí)態(tài)所不同的只是時(shí)間上的概念。所以我們只要掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，然后在時(shí)間上向過去推便是過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，向?qū)硗票闶菍硗瓿蓵r(shí)態(tài)。Say said said see saw seenYesterday, she said she had seen the film. I have studied English for 10 by now.by now by 2000 by2008I will have studied English for 10 years by 2010.-1990-2000-now-2010-In 2000, she said I had studied English for 10 yearsIn 2000, she said I would have studied English for 10 years 該句是指在“the end of this month”我們將完成工作。對(duì)本月底產(chǎn)生的影響也許是我們就有空了或我們就可以休息一下了?？傊唧w情況具體分析。 We will have studied English for 10 years by the end of this year. He said that by the end of the spring term he would have studied English for two years.該句表示study的動(dòng)作是從said開始一直延續(xù)到將來，即the end of the spring term. 句型 時(shí)態(tài)主系表主謂賓現(xiàn)在完成have (has) beenhave (has) done過去完成had beenhad done將來完成will have beenwill have done過去將來完成would have beenwould have doneHe is rich. He was rich. He will be rich. He would be rich.He has been rich since 2000.He had been rich by 2000.He will have been rich by 2010.He said he would have been rich by 2008.-本課要求：牢記第3個(gè)句型的旗幟- be there be do的變化 (變?yōu)榉穸ㄅc疑問及時(shí)態(tài)變化) You are rich. 8There is a book on the desk. 4 The students study English. 6The students are studying English. 4The students have studied English. 4You are rich.You were rich.You will be rich.You would be rich.You have been rich.He said you had been rich.You will have been rich by 2010.He said you would have been rich by 2010.There is a book on the desk.There was a book on the desk.There will be a book on the desk.There would be a book on the desk.The students study English.The students studied English.The students will study English.The students are going to study English.The students would study English.The students were going to study English.The students are studying Englis